Abstract: In a headlamp providing a predetermined light distribution pattern by combining illumination light beams that are respectively emitted from a plurality of light source units LU1 to LU4 each of which using a light emitting element as the light source, at least one of the plurality of light source units being a light source unit that forms a hot zone in the light distribution pattern, the lamp center being provided within a light emission area of the light source unit LU1 that forms the hot zone, and a center mark CM that indicates the lamp center being provided on the front cover of the lamp.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating a normalized correlation coefficient used as a similarity evaluation measure by using image data values of pixels in a template image and image data values of pixels in a subimage, included in a search image, corresponding to the template image, has a memory that stores image data values of pixels in the search image and calculating means that calculate a sum of image data values of pixels in the template image and a sum of image data values of pixels in the first rectangular region in the search image or a sum of squares of image data values of pixels in the template image and a sum of squares of image data values of pixels in the first rectangular region in the search image.

Abstract: An apparatus for calculating a normalized correlation coefficient used as a similarity evaluation measure by using image data values of pixels in a template image and image data values of pixels in a subimage, included in a search image, corresponding to the template image, has a memory that stores image data values of pixels in the search image and calculating means that calculate a sum of image data values of pixels in the template image and a sum of image data values of pixels in the first rectangular region in the search image or a sum of squares of image data values of pixels in the template image and a sum of squares of image data values of pixels in the first rectangular region in the search image.

Abstract: A microprocessor for processing a large quantity of graphics data. The microprocessor independent of a CPU has two ports, and performs an instruction fetch and a data access or a memory access simultaneously to two memories mounted on separate buses. A graphics processing apparatus provided by the microprocessor transfers graphics data between a system memory and a frame memory at high speeds.

Abstract: A microprocessor suitable for processing a large quantity of graphics data. Graphics processing apparatus and method using the microprocessor are also disclosed. The microprocessor independent of a CPU has two ports, and performs an instruction fetch and a data access or a memory access simultaneously to two memories mounted on separate buses. In the graphics processing apparatus in which this microprocessor is employed, the graphics transfer between a system memory and a frame memory can be performed at higher speed.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus obtains a sum A of image data values of pixels in a template image, a sum B of squares of image data values of pixels in a template image, a sum C of image data values of pixels in a sub-image to be processed, of a search image, a sum D of squares of image data values of pixels in the sub-image of the template image, further obtains a threshold value F in advance by using the obtained values A, B, C and D, the number P of pixels in the template image, and the preset value E. Moreover, the apparatus obtains a square of each difference between an image data value of each pixel in the sub-image and that of a corresponding pixel in the template image, and performs cumulative addition for each obtained squares. If the result of cumulative addition exceeds the above-mentioned threshold value, the apparatus closes processing evaluation of a similarity between the sub-image and the template image.

Abstract: A microprocessor for processing a large quantity of graphics data. The microprocessor independent of a CPU has two ports, and performs an instruction fetch and a data access or a memory access simultaneously to two memories mounted on separate buses. A graphics processing apparatus provided by the microprocessor transfers the graphics data between a system memory and a frame memory at high speeds.