Abstract: To provide a laminate comprising a substrate and a cured silicone product, wherein the substrate and the cured silicone product are integrated well and the cured silicone product provides superior electrification preventing or reducing properties to the laminate. A laminate comprising: a substrate (L1), a primer layer (L2) formed on the substrate (L1), and a cured silicone layer (L3) including a lithium salt (a) and a polyether modified polysiloxane (b), which is formed on the primer layer (L2). The laminate can be used for a releasable or adhesive film.

Abstract: Imparting superior electrification preventing or reducing properties to a cured silicone product without inhibiting adhesion between a substrate and the cured silicone product when integrating the substrate and the cured silicone product via a primer layer. A condensation reaction curable primer composition comprising a lithium salt (a) and a polyether modified polysiloxane (b); and a laminate obtained by integrating a substrate and a cured silicone product using an electrification preventing or reducing primer layer (cured product of the composition).

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin for toner binders, which comprises two polyester resins (A) and (B), said resin (A) being a crosslinked modified polyester resin consisting of the reaction product from a crosslinked polyester resin (a) and a polyepoxide (c) and said resin (B) being an acid anhydride-modified linear polyester resin consisting of the reaction product from a linear polyester resin (b) and an acid anhydride (r).

Abstract: A system database stores client data, manuscript data, publication instruction data and sales data related to magazine editing and various data constituting a user and various information magazines. An image database stores image data to appear on an advertisement. An editing and imposition device fetches publication data accumulated in the database, performs automatic layout of a manuscript, and creates a page-up manuscript. An editing layout device displays the page-up manuscript and image data stored in the image database as a block copy image. A user terminal inputs client data, publication instruction data, manuscript data and sales data. A web application server executes a search request or an update request from the user terminal for data to the system database and the image database. The user terminal and the web application server to communicate with each other through an Internet network to enable a user to freely perform automatic editing.

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner binder for developing electrostatic charge images, which binder comprises a polycondensate polyester resin, said polyester resin being a product formed in the presence of at least one titanium-containing catalyst (A) selected from the group consisting of a titanium halides (A1), a titanium diketone enolate (A2), a titanium carboxylate (A3), a titanyl carboxylate (A4), and a titanyl carboxylate salt (A5). Furthermore, the present invention provides a toner binder for developing electrostatic charge images, which binder comprises a polycondensate polyester resin, said polyester resin being a product formed in the presence of at least one tin-containing catalyst (B) selected from the group consisting of dioctyltin oxide (B1), monobutyltin oxide (B2), and dibutyltin oxide (B3), with the content of tributyltin compounds in (B3) being not more than 250 ppm.

Abstract: The present invention provides a resin for toner binders, which comprises two polyester resins (A) and (B), said resin (A) being a crosslinked modified polyester resin consisting of the reaction product from a crosslinked polyester resin (a) and a polyepoxide (c) and said resin (B) being an acid anhydride-modified linear polyester resin consisting of the reaction product from a linear polyester resin (b) and an acid anhydride (r).

Abstract: This invention includes a WebJINS system database storing and accumulating at least client data, manuscript data, publication instruction data and sales data related to various information magazine editing and various constant data constituting a user and various information magazines; an image database storing and accumulating at least image data of one of a logo and a map to appear on an advertisement; an automatic editing and imposition device fetching the publication related data accumulated in the WebJINS database, creating imposition data from the publication indication data to perform automatic layout of a manuscript, and creating a page-up manuscript from imposition data; an editing layout device fetching and displaying the page-up manuscript created by the automatic editing, imposition and proofread device and the image data stored in the image database, and transmitting the manuscript data transmission-requested from each user terminal to a client through a transmission software as a block copy imag

Abstract: The present invention provides a toner binder for developing electrostatic charge images,

Abstract: A liquid crystal device having a pair of electrode substrates, and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the substrates. At least one of the substrates is provided with an alignment control layer having a thickness of at most 200 Å and having been subjected to a rubbing uniaxial aligning treatment. The liquid crystal composition contains at least 30 wt. % of (i) at least one species of a fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound (B) represented by a formula (II) having smectic C phase and providing a tilt angle below 30 degrees at a temperature 15° C. below an upper limit temperature of said smectic C phase (ii) at least one species of compound (C) in an amount at least 5 wt. % represented by the formula (II) having a smectic C phase and which provides a tilt angle of at least 30 degrees at a temperature 15° C. below an upper limit temperature of said smectic C phase.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of substrates each having thereon an electrode, and a smectic liquid crystal having a plurality of smectic liquid crystal layers disposed between the substrates. The smectic liquid crystal is disposed to form a first region wherein the smectic liquid crystal layers are aligned to have a layer inclination angle smaller than a calculated layer inclination angle based on a temperature-dependent layer spacing-changing characteristic or are aligned in a direction perpendicular to the substrates to form a bookshelf structure, and a second region wherein the smectic liquid crystal layers are aligned to form a chevron structure having a substantial layer inclination angle or having a layer inclination angle substantially equal to a calculated layer inclination angle based on a temperature-dependent layer spacing-changing characteristic.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of oppositely disposed substrates including a first substrate provided with a first alignment control layer which has been subjected to a uniaxial aligning treatment and a second substrate provided with a second alignment control layer which has not been subjected to a uniaxial aligning treatment, a sealing member disposed so as to seal up a peripheral portion of the first and second substrates to form a spacing therebetween, and a dispersion member (e.g., spacer beads or adhesive particles) and a liquid crystal disposed in the spacing while contacting the first and second aligning control layers. The dispersion member has been subjected to a surface treatment with a material constituting the second alignment control layer. The surface-treated dispersion member is effective in suppressing an occurrence of a reverse domain within a display region of the liquid crystal device, thus preventing flickering and improving a contrast.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of substrates each having thereon at least an electrode and an alignment control layer, and a liquid crystal composition disposed between the substrates. At least one of the alignment control layers has a thickness of at most 200 .ANG. or comprises polyimide. In the latter case, the pair of substrates have been subjected to mutually different aligning treatments. The liquid crystal composition comprises at least one species of a fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound in an amount of at least 70 wt. % comprising a fluorocarbon terminal portion and a hydrocarbon terminal portion, the terminal portions being connected with a central core, and having smectic mesophase or latent smectic mesophase, and comprises at least one species of a resistivity-modifying substance. The fluorine-containing mesomorphic compound comprises a compound having a fluorocarbon terminal portion containing at least one catenary ether oxygen atom in an amount of at least 30 wt.

Abstract: A liquid crystal device is constituted by a pair of substrates each having thereon an electrode for voltage application, a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition disposed between the substrates so as to assume at least two optically stable states. At least one of the substrates is provided with an alignment control layer having a thickness of at most 200 .ANG. or comprising polyimide. The substrates have been subjected to different aligning treatments at their opposite faces each contacting the composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition comprises at least three compounds represented by formulae (A), (B) and (C), respectively as in Claim 1. The compound of the formula (A) has an indan skeleton, the compound of the formula (B) has a quinoxaline skeleton, and the compound of the formula (C) has a pyrimidine skeleton or a benzothiazole skeleton and a terminal cyclic group comprising a cyclohexyl group or a phenyl group. The liquid crystal composition is effective in improving a display quality and drive characteristics of a liquid crystal device using the composition when the liquid crystal device is continuously driven for a long time.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; X.sub.2 denotes a single bond, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; n is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.1, denotes ##STR2## and a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (B): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; m is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.2 denotes ##STR4## The liquid crystal composition may preferably be formulated as a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition is useful in providing a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition with a good alignment characteristic, a good drive characteristic, and a high contrast ratio.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; and A.sub.1 denotes ##STR2## and a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (B): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.2 denotes a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; X.sub.3 denotes a single bond, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; n is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.2 denotes ##STR4## The liquid crystal composition may preferably be formulated as a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition is useful in providing a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition with a good alignment characteristic, a good drive characteristic, and a high contrast ratio.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition is composed of at least three types of mesomorphic compounds. The liquid crystal composition may preferably contain a mesomorphic compound having an indan skeleton represented by the formula (1) or (3) and a mesomorphic compound having a terminal cyclic group represented by the formula (2) or (4). The liquid crystal composition may also preferably further contain an optically active compound to be formulated as a chiral smectic (or ferroelectric) liquid crystal composition. When the chiral smectic liquid crystal composition is disposed between a pair of electrode substrates provided with uniaxial alignment axes, the liquid crystal composition may preferably be placed in an alignment state in C1 uniform alignment, so that a resultant liquid crystal device provides a higher contrast ratio and a wider drive voltage margin.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; X.sub.2 denotes a single bond, --OCH.sub.2 --, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; n is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.1 denotes ##STR2## and a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (B): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.2 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; m is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.2 denotes ##STR4## The liquid crystal composition may preferably be formulated as a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition is useful in providing a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition with a good alignment characteristic, a good drive characteristic, and a high contrast ratio.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 and X.sub.2 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; and A.sub.1 denotes a single bond, ##STR2## or ##STR3## and A.sub.2 denotes ##STR4## or ##STR5## and a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (B): ##STR6## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.3 and X.sub.4 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; m is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.3 denotes ##STR7## or ##STR8## The liquid crystal composition may preferably be formulated as a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition.

Abstract: A liquid crystal composition contains a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (A): ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 and R.sub.2 independently denote a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.1 denotes a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; and A.sub.1 denotes ##STR2## and a mesomorphic compound represented by the following formula (B): ##STR3## wherein R.sub.3 denotes a linear or branched alkyl group having 1-18 carbon atoms; X.sub.2 and X.sub.3 independently denote a single bond, --O--, --CO--O-- or --O--CO--; m is an integer of 3-16; and A.sub.2 denotes ##STR4## or ##STR5## The liquid crystal composition may preferably be formulated as a chiral smectic liquid crystal composition. The liquid crystal composition is useful in providing a liquid crystal device using the liquid crystal composition with a good alignment characteristic, a good drive characteristic, and a high and stable contrast ratio.