Abstract: A method of image-distance transformation using bi-directional scans is provided. The method includes the steps of: performing a first scan on each pixel of an input image using a first mask in a first order to generate an intermediate image; and performing a second scan on each pixel of the intermediate image using a second mask in a second order to obtain distance information of each pixel in the input image. A first current pixel in the input image that is not compared with prior pixels in the first order and in a first current segment is used in the first comparison process in the first scan, and a second current pixel that is compared with prior pixels in the second order and in a second segment is used in the second comparison process in the second scan.

Abstract: A method of image-distance transformation using bi-directional scans is provided. The method includes the steps of: performing a first scan on each pixel of an input image using a first mask in a first order to generate an intermediate image; and performing a second scan on each pixel of the intermediate image using a second mask in a second order to obtain distance information of each pixel in the input image. A first current pixel in the input image that is not compared with prior pixels in the first order and in a first current segment is used in the first comparison process in the first scan, and a second current pixel that is compared with prior pixels in the second order and in a second segment is used in the second comparison process in the second scan.

Abstract: A method for connecting virtual machines in a cloud system is disclosed, wherein an agent network management service (Network management service, ANMS) process is used for communicating with all switches in the cloud system. When a virtual machine (VM) is created on one of the physical host in the cloud system, the ANMS detects the creation of the new VM, and confirms the virtual local area network (VLAN) the new VM pertained to. Next, determine a nearest boundary point from the new VM in the same VLAN for confirming a shortest connecting route. Lastly, the ANMS informing all switches in the shortest connecting route to set up internal VLAN tags such that new VM establish connection with other VMs in the same VLAN via the shortest connecting route.

Abstract: A method for connecting virtual machines in a cloud system is disclosed, wherein an agent network management service (Network management service, ANMS) process is used for communicating with all switches in the cloud system. When a virtual machine (VM) is created on one of the physical host in the cloud system, the ANMS detects the creation of the new VM, and confirms the virtual local area network (VLAN) the new VM pertained to. Next, determine a nearest boundary point from the new VM in the same VLAN for confirming a shortest connecting route. Lastly, the ANMS informing all switches in the shortest connecting route to set up internal VLAN tags such that new VM establish connection with other VMs in the same VLAN via the shortest connecting route.

Abstract: A path mapping method after an optical defect detection is provided. The path mapping method after an optical defect detection includes steps of providing an article, detecting at least two defects on the article, providing a numerical operation model and obtaining a mapped path for connecting the at least two defects by using the numerical operation model.