Abstract: In a method for testing a storage system, each disk of a storage system is numbered, and a disk of a number is selected as a root node of a binary tree. A probability that the nodes of each level of the binary tree is completely added into the binary tree is computed according to a predefined algorithm, and the nodes of each level of the binary tree are added into the binary tree according to the computed probability. And each disk is tested when the disk is added into the binary tree as the node of the binary tree.

Abstract: A display adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a video graphics array (VGA) interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the VGA interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signals representing VGA data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the VGA interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing VGA data, and outputs the digital signals representing VGA data to the VGA interface for use by another VGA display device.

Abstract: A detection system and method for detecting if of a plurality of electrical elements on a printed circuit board (PCB) is loaded inversely are provided. The system includes a setting module to receive a standard image of a standard PCB and select one or more of the electrical elements from the standard image by a user. A storage module stores a reference image. A capturing module captures an image of the PCB to be detected. A comparison module compares the image with the reference image to determine if any of the electrical elements having polarities is inversely loaded. A processing module reads a comparison result of the comparison module and makes a determination.

Abstract: A television adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a high definition television (HDTV) interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the HDTV interface, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal from the HDTV interface into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the HDTV interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second AC voltage into a second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal to the HDTV interface.

Abstract: A monitor device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a monitor interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the monitor interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signals representing data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the monitor interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing data, and outputs the digital signals representing data to the monitor interface.

Abstract: A television adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI). The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the first HDMI, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal from the HDMI into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to a second HDMI, the decoupler decouples and separates a second AC voltage into a second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal to the second HDMI.

Abstract: A universal serial bus (USB) device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a USB interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a first coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a second coupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the USB interface, the D/A converter converts the digital signals representing data into an analog form suitable for transmission over an AC voltage as a carrier wave. The first coupler couples the analog form to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the USB interface, the second coupler decouples and separates the first AC voltage from the analog form data. The A/D converter converts the analog form data into digital data, and outputs the data to the USB interface.

Abstract: A serial interface device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a serial interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the serial interface, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal representing data into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the serial interface, the decoupler decouples a second AC voltage coupled with a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal representing data, and outputs to the serial interface.

Abstract: A display adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a video graphics array (VGA) interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the VGA interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signals representing VGA data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the VGA interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing VGA data, and outputs the digital signals representing VGA data to the VGA interface for use by another VGA display device.

Abstract: A television adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a high definition television (HDTV) interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the HDTV interface, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal from the HDTV interface into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the HDTV interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second AC voltage into a second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal to the HDTV interface.

Abstract: An extended video graphics array (VGA) adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and an interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signal representing data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing data, and outputs the digital signals representing data to the interface.

Abstract: A television adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI). The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the first HDMI, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal from the HDMI into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to a second HDMI, the decoupler decouples and separates a second AC voltage into a second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal to the second HDMI.

Abstract: A monitor device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a monitor interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the monitor interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signals representing data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the monitor interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing data, and outputs the digital signals representing data to the monitor interface.

Abstract: An institute of electrical and electronics engineers (IEEE) 1394 device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and an IEEE1394 interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the IEEE1394 interface, the D/A converter converts an data signal into a first carrier signal. The coupler couples the first carrier signal to an alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the IEEE1394 interface, the decoupler divides an AC voltage coupled with a second carrier signal into the second carrier signal. The A/D converter converts the second carrier signal into a data signal, and outputs to the IEEE1394 interface.

Abstract: An audio device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and an audio interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the audio interface, the D/A converter converts a digital signals representing audio data into a first analog form data for coupling with a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the audio interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second analog form data into the second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into digital signals representing audio data, and outputs the digital signals representing audio data to the audio interface.

Abstract: An intelligent platform management bus (IPMB) interface device adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and an IPMB interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the IPMB interface, a digital signal representing data or commands is converted into a first analog form data which is coupled to an alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the IPMB interface, the decoupler decouples and separates the analog form data from the AC voltage. The A/D converter converts the analog form data into a digital signal, and outputs the digital signal to the IPMB interface.

Abstract: A telephone adapter includes first and second conversion circuits, a switch unit, and a RJ11 interface. The first conversion circuit includes a digital to analog (D/A) converter and a coupler. The second conversion circuit includes an analog to digital (A/D) converter and a decoupler. When the switch unit connects the first conversion circuit to the RJ11 interface, the D/A converter converts a first digital signal from the RJ11 interface into a first analog form data. The coupler couples the first analog form data to a first alternating current (AC) voltage. When the switch unit connects the second conversion circuit to the RJ11 interface, the decoupler decouples and separates a second AC voltage into a second analog form data. The A/D converter converts the second analog form data into a second digital signal, and outputs the second digital signal to the RJ11 interface.