Abstract: An article including a durable, optically transparent, and superhydrophobic coating is described. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising a substrate, and disposed adjacent the substrate, a layer comprising graphitic carbon, diamond-like carbon, and aerogel. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a coated substrate, comprising providing a carbon layer disposed on a substrate and having a textured surface; and disposing aerogel adjacent to at least a portion of the textured surface.

Abstract: An article having a nanostructured surface and a method of making the same are described. The article can include a substrate and a nanostructured layer bonded to the substrate. The nanostructured layer can include a plurality of spaced apart nanostructured features comprising a contiguous, protrusive material and the nanostructured features can be sufficiently small that the nanostructured layer is optically transparent. A continuous layer can be adhered to a plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features to render the plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features both hydrophobic and oleophobic with respect to fingerprint oil comprising eccrine secretions and sebaceous secretions, thereby providing an anti-fingerprinting characteristic to the article.

Abstract: A composition that is easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, the composition includes a hydrophobic fluorinated solvent, a binder comprising a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer, and hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles. Also disclosed is a structure including a substrate coated with the composition, as well as a method for making the composition and a method of coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: A fault insertion device (FID) comprises a transceiver and an FPGA. The transceiver receives signals from a MIL-STD-1553/1760 communications bus. The FPGA evaluates the signals received from the communications bus against a set of rules stored by the FPGA. Based upon the set of rules, the FPGA can selectively modify messages received from the communications bus prior to transmission to a remote terminal or a bus controller that is configured to communicate on the communications bus.

Abstract: An article including a durable, optically transparent, and superhydrophobic coating is described. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising a substrate, and disposed adjacent the substrate, a layer comprising graphitic carbon, diamond-like carbon, and aerogel. In another aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a coated substrate, comprising providing a carbon layer disposed on a substrate and having a textured surface; and disposing aerogel adjacent to at least a portion of the textured surface.

Abstract: An article including a durable, optically transparent, and superhydrophobic coating is described. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a coating comprising a layer of aerogel disposed interstitially between spaced features extending in a direction perpendicular to a major surface of the coating, the spaced features having an average height of between 200-5000 nm and an average spacing of between 10-2000 nm, and comprising at least 75 wt. % of one or more of crystalline or amorphous silicon, an inorganic oxide, a polymer, crystalline or amorphous carbon, a carbide, or a nitride.

Abstract: A method for preparing an optically transparent, superomniphobic glass composition is described. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a glass composition, including heating a borosilicate glass comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide to form a phase-separated glass comprising an interpenetrating network of silicon oxide domains and boron oxide domains. The method includes removing at least a portion of the boron oxide domains from the phase-separated glass and depositing a hydrophobic silane to provide a porous glass having a hydrophobic silane layer disposed on a portion of the surface thereof, a total pore volume of 15-50 vol. %, and an average pore diameter of 20-300 nm. The method includes, within at least a portion of the volume of the porous glass, forming an aerogel precursor, and converting at least a portion of the aerogel precursor to an aerogel.

Abstract: A method for preparing an optically transparent, superomniphobic coating on a substrate, such as an optical substrate, is disclosed. The method includes providing a glass layer disposed on a substrate, the glass layer having a first side adjacent the substrate and an opposed second side, the glass layer comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide in a first glass phase and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide in a second glass phase, such that a glass layer has a composition in a spinodal decomposition region. The method further includes heating the second side of the glass layer to form a phase-separated portion of the layer, the phase-separated portion comprising an interpenetrating network of silicon oxide domains and boron oxide domains, and removing at least a portion of the boron oxide domains from the phase-separated portion to provide a graded layer disposed on the substrate. The graded layer has a first side disposed adjacent the substrate, the first side comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide and 10-40 wt.

Abstract: A composition that is easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, the composition includes a hydrophobic fluorinated solvent, a binder comprising a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer, and hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles. Also disclosed is a structure including a substrate coated with the composition, as well as a method for making the composition and a method of coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: An article having a nanostructured surface and a method of making the same are described. The article can include a substrate and a nanostructured layer bonded to the substrate. The nanostructured layer can include a plurality of spaced apart nanostructured features comprising a contiguous, protrusive material and the nanostructured features can be sufficiently small that the nanostructured layer is optically transparent. A continuous layer can be adhered to a plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features to render the plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features both hydrophobic and oleophobic with respect to fingerprint oil comprising eccrine secretions and sebaceous secretions, thereby providing an anti-fingerprinting characteristic to the article.

Abstract: A coating that can be easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, an article comprises a coating layer, the coating layer having an inward surface and an opposing outward surface, the inward surface disposed adjacent a substrate surface. The coating layer comprises a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer and a plurality of nanoparticles. The plurality of nanoparticles includes nanoparticles on the outward surface of the coating layer.

Abstract: A composition that is easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, the composition includes a hydrophobic fluorinated solvent, a binder comprising a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer, and hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles. Also disclosed is a structure including a substrate coated with the composition, as well as a method for making the composition and a method of coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: An article having a nanostructured surface and a method of making the same are described. The article can include a substrate and a nanostructured layer bonded to the substrate. The nanostructured layer can include a plurality of spaced apart nanostructured features comprising a contiguous, protrusive material and the nanostructured features can be sufficiently small that the nanostructured layer is optically transparent. A continuous layer can be adhered to a plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features to render the plurality of surfaces of the nanostructured features both hydrophobic and oleophobic with respect to fingerprint oil comprising eccrine secretions and sebaceous secretions, thereby providing an anti-fingerprinting characteristic to the article.

Abstract: An article having a nanostructured surface and a method of making the same are described. The article can include a substrate and a nanostructured layer bonded to the substrate. The nanostructured layer can include a plurality of spaced apart nanostructured features comprising a contiguous, protrusive material and the nanostructured features can be sufficiently small that the nanostructured layer is optically transparent. A surface of the nanostructured features can be coated with a continuous hydrophobic coating. The method can include providing a substrate; depositing a film on the substrate; decomposing the film to form a decomposed film; and etching the decomposed film to form the nanostructured layer.

Abstract: A method for preparing an optically transparent, superomniphobic glass composition is described. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for preparing a glass composition, including heating a borosilicate glass comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide to form a phase-separated glass comprising an interpenetrating network of silicon oxide domains and boron oxide domains. The method includes removing at least a portion of the boron oxide domains from the phase-separated glass and depositing a hydrophobic silane to provide a porous glass having a hydrophobic silane layer disposed on a portion of the surface thereof, a total pore volume of 15-50 vol. %, and an average pore diameter of 20-300 nm. The method includes, within at least a portion of the volume of the porous glass, forming an aerogel precursor, and converting at least a portion of the aerogel precursor to an aerogel.

Abstract: An article including an optically transparent, superomniphobic coating that is durable and relatively easy to keep clean, is disclosed. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising a substrate and a graded layer, the graded layer having a first side disposed adjacent the substrate, the first side comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide in a first glass phase and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide in a second glass phase, and opposed the first side, a second side comprising at least 45 wt. % silicon oxide, no more than 5 wt. % boron oxide, and 10-50 wt. % aerogel, the aerogel present in the graded layer as a plurality of distinct domains.

Abstract: A method for preparing an optically transparent, superomniphobic coating on a substrate, such as an optical substrate, is disclosed. The method includes providing a glass layer disposed on a substrate, the glass layer having a first side adjacent the substrate and an opposed second side, the glass layer comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide in a first glass phase and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide in a second glass phase, such that a glass layer has a composition in a spinodal decomposition region. The method further includes heating the second side of the glass layer to form a phase-separated portion of the layer, the phase-separated portion comprising an interpenetrating network of silicon oxide domains and boron oxide domains, and removing at least a portion of the boron oxide domains from the phase-separated portion to provide a graded layer disposed on the substrate. The graded layer has a first side disposed adjacent the substrate, the first side comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide and 10-40 wt.

Abstract: An article including an optically transparent, superomniphobic coating that is durable and relatively easy to keep clean, is disclosed. In one aspect, the present disclosure provides an article comprising a substrate and a graded layer, the graded layer having a first side disposed adjacent the substrate, the first side comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide in a first glass phase and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide in a second glass phase, and opposed the first side, a second side comprising at least 45 wt. % silicon oxide, no more than 5 wt. % boron oxide, and 10-50 wt. % aerogel, the aerogel present in the graded layer as a plurality of distinct domains.

Abstract: A composition that is easily applied, clear, well-bonded, and superhydrophobic is disclosed. In one aspect, the composition includes a hydrophobic fluorinated solvent, a binder comprising a hydrophobic fluorinated polymer, and hydrophobic fumed silica nanoparticles. Also disclosed is a structure including a substrate coated with the composition, as well as a method for making the composition and a method of coating a substrate with the composition.

Abstract: Techniques for creating a conversation tree are provided. In one technique, a user interface comprises an editor portion and a preview portion. The editor portion includes elements for creating and editing messages in the conversation tree. The preview portion includes a first message that comprises multiple buttons. Input is received, through the user interface, that selects a first button of the first message. In response to receiving the input, the preview portion to be updated to include a different set of messages. In a related technique, the preview portion includes a first message and a second message that is a child of the first message. Input is received, through the user interface, that selects the first message, causing the preview portion to be updated to exclude the second message and retain the first message, and causing the editor portion to be updated to include information about the first message.