Abstract: A flyback power converter includes a power transformer, a first lossless voltage conversion circuit, a first low-dropout linear regulator and a secondary side power supply circuit. The first low-dropout linear regulator (LDO) generates a first operation voltage as power supply for being supplied to a sub-operation circuit. The secondary side power supply circuit includes a second lossless voltage conversion circuit and a second LDO. The second LDO generates a second operation voltage. The first operation voltage and the second operation voltage are shunted to a common node. When a first lossless conversion voltage is greater than a first threshold voltage, the second LDO is enabled to generate the second operation voltage to replace the first operation voltage as power supply supplied to the sub-operation circuit; wherein the second lossless conversion voltage is lower than the first lossless switching voltage.

Abstract: Disclosed is an earphone system. The earphone system includes a charging box and an earphone, which is detachably assembled in the charging box. The charging box includes a processing module provided with a first identification time period, a power outputting module and a first switch module. During the first identification time period when the earphone is connected to the charging box, the earphone system is in a test mode, and the first switch module is switched for the charging box to transmit power to the earphone through the power outputting module and the first switch module. After the earphone is connected to the charging box for more than the first identification time period, the earphone system is in a communication mode, and the first switch module is switched for the charging box to transmit a data signal to the earphone through the processing module and the first switch module.

Abstract: Disclosed is an earphone system. The earphone system includes a charging box and an earphone, which is detachably assembled in the charging box. The charging box includes a processing module provided with a first identification time period, a power outputting module and a first switch module. During the first identification time period when the earphone is connected to the charging box, the earphone system is in a test mode, and the first switch module is switched for the charging box to transmit power to the earphone through the power outputting module and the first switch module. After the earphone is connected to the charging box for more than the first identification time period, the earphone system is in a communication mode, and the first switch module is switched for the charging box to transmit a data signal to the earphone through the processing module and the first switch module.

Abstract: A new method is provided for the processing of metals, most notably copper, such that damage to exposed surfaces of these metals is prevented. During a step of semiconductor processing, which results in exposing a metal surface to a wet substance having a pH value, a voltage is applied to the metal that is exposed. The value of the applied voltage can, dependent on the value of the pH constant of the wet substance, be selected such that the exposed metal surface is protected against alkaline effects of the wet substance.

Abstract: A new method is provided for the processing of metals, most notably copper, such that damage to exposed surfaces of these metals is prevented. During a step of semiconductor processing, which results in exposing a metal surface to a wet substance having a pH value, a voltage is applied to the metal that is exposed. The value of the applied voltage can, dependent on the value of the pH constant of the wet substance, be selected such that the exposed metal surface is protected against alkaline effects of the wet substance.

Abstract: A new method is provided for the processing of metals, most notably copper, such that damage to exposed surfaces of these metals is prevented. During a step of semiconductor processing, which results in exposing a metal surface to a wet substance having a pH value, a voltage is applied to the metal that is exposed. The value of the applied voltage can, dependent on the value of the pH constant of the wet substance, be selected such that the exposed metal surface is protected against alkaline effects of the wet substance.

Abstract: A flush system comprising a network of conduits, valves and screens that can be interposed between the process container and solvent re-claim tank components of a dry film photoresist (DFR) remover system, for example, that is used in the processing and packaging of integrated circuit chips. By operation of the valves in the flush system, DFR particles can be removed from the DFR remover system in order to prevent or minimize particle clogging of a particle filter in the DFR remover system. The screens in the flush system can be periodically cleaned by reverse flow of solvent or by operation of a nitrogen and DI (deionized) water purge system.

Abstract: A Ferris wheel-like stripping or cleaning mechanism that can be used in semiconductor fabrication, such as in photoresist or other stripping, or wafer or other cleaning, is disclosed. A stripping mechanism can include a container to hold a chemical, such as a photoresist stripping chemical, a wafer cleaning chemical, or another type of chemical. The mechanism can also include a component to move semiconductor wafers through the chemical in the container in a Ferris wheel-like motion. The component may include wafer holders for the wafers that are swivably mounted about an axis of rotation. As the one or more wafer holders rotate about the axis of rotation through the chemical in the container, the wafer holders remain in a substantially constant vertical and horizontal orientation.

Abstract: A new method is provided for the processing of metals, most notably copper, such that damage to exposed surfaces of these metals is prevented. During a step of semiconductor processing, which results in exposing a metal surface to a wet substance having a pH value, a voltage is applied to the metal that is exposed. The value of the applied voltage can, dependent on the value of the pH constant of the wet substance, be selected such that the exposed metal surface is protected against alkaline effects of the wet substance.

Abstract: A Ferris wheel-like stripping or cleaning mechanism that can be used in semiconductor fabrication, such as in photoresist or other stripping, or wafer or other cleaning, is disclosed. A stripping mechanism can include a container to hold a chemical, such as a photoresist stripping chemical, a wafer cleaning chemical, or another type of chemical. The mechanism can also include a component to move semiconductor wafers through the chemical in the container in a Ferris wheel-like motion. The component may include wafer holders for the wafers that are swivably mounted about an axis of rotation. As the one or more wafer holders rotate about the axis of rotation through the chemical in the container, the wafer holders remain in a substantially constant vertical and horizontal orientation.

Abstract: A flush system comprising a network of conduits, valves and screens that can be interposed between the process container and solvent re-claim tank components of a dry film photoresist (DFR) remover system, for example, that is used in the processing and packaging of integrated circuit chips. By operation of the valves in the flush system, DFR particles can be removed from the DFR remover system in order to prevent or minimize particle clogging of a particle filter in the DFR remover system. The screens in the flush system can be periodically cleaned by reverse flow of solvent or by operation of a nitrogen and DI (deionized) water purge system.