Abstract: A switching converter circuit for switching one end of an inductor therein between plural voltages according to a pulse width modulation (PWM) signal to convert an input voltage to an output voltage. The switching converter circuit has a driver circuit including a high side driver, a low side driver, a high side sensor circuit, and a low side sensor circuit. The high side sensor circuit is configured to sense a gate-source voltage of a high side metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistor (MOSFET), to generate a low side enable signal for enabling the low side driver to switch a low side MOSFET according to the PWM signal. The low side sensor circuit is configured to sense a gate-source voltage of a low side MOSFET, to generate a high side enable signal for enabling the high side driver to switch a high side MOSFET according to the PWM signal.

Abstract: The present invention provides an emitter made of a hafnium carbide (HfC) single crystal that stably emits electrons with high efficiency, a method for manufacturing the emitter, and an electron gun and an electronic device using the emitter. An emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention is an emitter including a nanowire, in which the nanowire is made of the hafnium carbide (HfC) single crystal, at least an end of the nanowire through which electrons are to be emitted is coated with hafnium oxycarbide (HfC1?xOx: 0<x?0.5), and a field electron emission pattern of the end obtained by a field emission microscope (FEM) is a single spot.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simpler method for sharpening a tip of an emitter. In addition, the present invention provides an emitter including a nanoneedle made of a single crystal material, an emitter including a nanowire made of a single crystal material such as hafnium carbide (HfC), both of which stably emit electrons with high efficiency, and an electron gun and an electronic device using any one of these emitters. A method for manufacturing the emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises processing a single crystal material in a vacuum using a focused ion beam to form an end of the single crystal material, through which electrons are to be emitted, into a tapered shape, wherein the processing is performed in an environment in which a periphery of the single crystal material fixed to a support is opened.

Abstract: A manufacturing method of a semiconductor device includes the following steps. A first recess and a second recess are formed in a first region and a second region of a semiconductor substrate, respectively. A bottom surface of the first recess is lower than a bottom surface of the second recess in a vertical direction. A first gate oxide layer and a second gate oxide layer are formed concurrently. At least a portion of the first gate oxide layer is formed in the first recess, and at least a portion of the second gate oxide layer is formed in the second recess. A removing process is performed for removing a part of the second gate oxide layer. A thickness of the second gate oxide layer is less than a thickness of the first gate oxide layer after the removing process.

Abstract: Semiconductor device and method of fabricating the same, the semiconductor device includes a substrate, a first transistor, a second transistor, a third transistor, and a plurality of shallow trench isolations. The first transistor is disposed in a medium-voltage region and includes a first plane, a first gate dielectric layer, and a first gate electrode. The second transistor is disposed in a boundary region and includes a second plane, a second gate dielectric layer, and a second gate electrode. The third transistor is disposed in a lower-voltage region and includes a third plane, a third gate dielectric layer, and a third gate electrode. The shallow trench isolations are disposed in the substrate, wherein top surfaces of the shallow trench isolations in the medium-voltage region, the boundary region and the low-voltage region are coplanar with top surfaces of the first gate dielectric layer and the second gate dielectric layer.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate having a first device region and a second device region in proximity to the first device region. A trench isolation structure is disposed in the substrate between the first device region and the second device region. The trench isolation structure includes a first bottom surface within the first device region and a second bottom surface within the second device region. The first bottom surface is coplanar with the second bottom surface.

Abstract: The present invention provides a simpler method for sharpening a tip of an emitter. In addition, the present invention provides an emitter including a nanoneedle made of a single crystal material, an emitter including a nanowire made of a single crystal material such as hafnium carbide (HfC), both of which stably emit electrons with high efficiency, and an electron gun and an electronic device using any one of these emitters. A method for manufacturing the emitter according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises processing a single crystal material in a vacuum using a focused ion beam to form an end of the single crystal material, through which electrons are to be emitted, into a tapered shape, wherein the processing is performed in an environment in which a periphery of the single crystal material fixed to a support is opened.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate having a first region and a second region around the first region. A first fin structure is disposed within the first region. A second fin structure is disposed within the second region. A first isolation trench is disposed within the first region and situated adjacent to the first fin structure. A first trench isolation layer is disposed in the first isolation trench. A second isolation trench is disposed around the first region and situated between the first fin structure and the second fin structure. The bottom surface of the second isolation trench has a step height. A second isolation layer is disposed in the second isolation trench.

Abstract: A manufacturing method a semiconductor device includes the following steps. A first mask pattern and a second mask pattern are formed on a first region and a second region of a substrate respectively. The second region is located adjacent to the first region. A top surface of the first mask pattern is lower than a top surface of the second mask pattern in a thickness direction of the substrate. A trench is formed in the substrate. The trench is partly located in the first region and partly located in the second region. A first etching process is performed for reducing a thickness of the second mask pattern and reducing a height difference between the top surface of the first mask pattern and the top surface of the second mask pattern in the thickness direction of the substrate. An isolation structure is formed in the trench after the first etching process.

Abstract: A semiconductor structure includes a substrate having a first region and a second region around the first region. A first fin structure is disposed within the first region. A second fin structure is disposed within the second region. A first isolation trench is disposed within the first region and situated adjacent to the first fin structure. A first trench isolation layer is disposed in the first isolation trench. A second isolation trench is disposed around the first region and situated between the first fin structure and the second fin structure. The bottom surface of the second isolation trench has a step height. A second isolation layer is disposed in the second isolation trench.

Abstract: A method of forming a dielectric layer includes the following steps. A substrate including a first area and a second area is provided. A plurality of patterns on the substrate of the first area and a blanket stacked structure on the substrate of the second area are formed. An organic dielectric layer covers the patterns, the blanket stacked structure and the substrate. The blanket stacked structure is patterned by serving the organic dielectric layer as a hard mask layer, thereby forming a plurality of stacked structures. The organic dielectric layer is removed. A dielectric layer blanketly covers the patterns, the stacked structures, and the substrate.

Abstract: A method of forming a dielectric layer includes the following steps. A substrate including a first area and a second area is provided. A plurality of patterns on the substrate of the first area and a blanket stacked structure on the substrate of the second area are formed. An organic dielectric layer covers the patterns, the blanket stacked structure and the substrate. The blanket stacked structure is patterned by serving the organic dielectric layer as a hard mask layer, thereby forming a plurality of stacked structures. The organic dielectric layer is removed. A dielectric layer blanketly covers the patterns, the stacked structures, and the substrate.

Abstract: A fabricating method of CMOS transistor includes following steps. A first gate and a second gate are formed on a substrate. A gate insulator is formed on the substrate to cover the first and second gates. A first source, a first drain, a second source, and a second drain are formed on the gate insulator. The first source and the first drain are above the first gate. The second source and the second drain are above the second gate. A first channel layer and a mask layer are formed on the gate insulator. The mask layer is on the first channel layer. The first channel layer is above the first gate and contacts with the first source and the first drain. A second channel layer is formed on the gate insulator. The second channel layer is above the second gate and contacts with the second source and the second drain.

Abstract: A fabricating method of CMOS transistor includes following steps. A first gate and a second gate are formed on a substrate. A gate insulator is formed on the substrate to cover the first and second gates. A first source, a first drain, a second source, and a second drain are formed on the gate insulator. The first source and the first drain are above the first gate. The second source and the second drain are above the second gate. A first channel layer and a mask layer are formed on the gate insulator. The mask layer is on the first channel layer. The first channel layer is above the first gate and contacts with the first source and the first drain. A second channel layer is formed on the gate insulator. The second channel layer is above the second gate and contacts with the second source and the second drain.

Abstract: A fabricating method of CMOS transistor includes following steps. A first gate and a second gate are formed on a substrate. A gate insulator is formed on the substrate to cover the first and second gates. A first source, a first drain, a second source, and a second drain are formed on the gate insulator. The first source and the first drain are above the first gate. The second source and the second drain are above the second gate. A first channel layer and a mask layer are formed on the gate insulator. The mask layer is on the first channel layer. The first channel layer is above the first gate and contacts with the first source and the first drain. A second channel layer is formed on the gate insulator. The second channel layer is above the second gate and contacts with the second source and the second drain.

Abstract: A display panel includes a substrate, a TFT device, a patterned dielectric layer, a patterned metal layer and a bridge line. The TFT device is disposed in a display region. The patterned dielectric layer includes an ILD layer disposed over the TFT device, and a sealant stage disposed in a peripheral region. The patterned metal layer includes a signal line disposed on the ILD layer, and a first connecting line and a second connecting line. The first connecting line is disposed in an inner side of the sealant stage facing the display region, and the first connecting line is electrically connected to the signal line. The second connecting line is disposed in an outer side of the sealant stage opposite to the display region. The bridge line is disposed under the sealant stage, and the first connecting line and the second connecting line are electrically connected through the bridge line.

Abstract: A hybrid thin film transistor includes a first thin film transistor and a second thin film transistor. The first thin film transistor includes a first gate, a first source, a first drain and a first semiconductor layer disposed between the first gate, the first source and the first drain, and the first semiconductor layer includes a crystallized silicon layer. The second thin film transistor includes a second gate, a second source, a second drain and a second semiconductor layer disposed between the second gate, the second source and the second drain, and the second semiconductor layer includes a metal oxide semiconductor layer.

Abstract: A pixel structure is provided. A first insulating pattern is on the first polysilicon pattern. A second insulating pattern is on the second polysilicon pattern and separated from the first insulating pattern. An insulating layer covers the first and the second insulating patterns. A first gate and a second gate are on the insulating layer. A first covering layer covers the first and the second gates. A first source metal layer and a first drain metal layer are on the first covering layer and electrically connected to a first source region and a first drain region. A second source metal layer and a second drain metal layer are on the first covering layer and electrically connected to a second source region and a second drain region. A pixel electrode is electrically connected to the first drain metal layer.

Abstract: A fabricating method of CMOS transistor includes following steps. A first gate and a second gate are formed on a substrate. A gate insulator is formed on the substrate to cover the first and second gates. A first source, a first drain, a second source, and a second drain are formed on the gate insulator. The first source and the first drain are above the first gate. The second source and the second drain are above the second gate. A first channel layer and a mask layer are formed on the gate insulator. The mask layer is on the first channel layer. The first channel layer is above the first gate and contacts with the first source and the first drain. A second channel layer is formed on the gate insulator. The second channel layer is above the second gate and contacts with the second source and the second drain.

Abstract: A fabricating method of CMOS transistor includes following steps. A first gate and a second gate are formed on a substrate. A gate insulator is formed on the substrate to cover the first and second gates. A first source, a first drain, a second source, and a second drain are formed on the gate insulator. The first source and the first drain are above the first gate. The second source and the second drain are above the second gate. A first channel layer and a mask layer are formed on the gate insulator. The mask layer is on the first channel layer. The first channel layer is above the first gate and contacts with the first source and the first drain. A second channel layer is formed on the gate insulator. The second channel layer is above the second gate and contacts with the second source and the second drain.