Abstract: A modular external fixation system includes a plurality of modular components, each formed of a non-metallic material. One of the modular components is a modular rod that is provided in a single initial length and then cut to a length appropriate for a particular external fixation procedure. Another modular component is an interlocking element that can be mounted on one end of the modular rod and that includes an interlocking feature for engagement with other modular components. The system can also include a distraction arm that can be mounted at one end of the fixation framework. The arm includes a bar portion configured to be grasped to apply a distraction force along the construct. The arm can be pivotably mounted so that it can be pivoted to a distraction position, or to other positions, including one position in which the arm bears against the foot of an instrumented leg, and another position in which the arm acts to support the entire leg.

Abstract: Fluid dispensing nozzles which include valve mechanisms that allow fluid flow around substantially the entire periphery of valve elements. The valve elements are located in a substantially linear central flow path formed in the bodies of the dispensing nozzles. Dispensing spouts are coupled to the nozzle bodies so that the axes of the dispensing spouts intersect the angle of the axes of the central flow paths at obtuse angles, and preferably at angles which reduce flow resistance. The dispensing nozzles of the present invention include push rod bores and bores for receiving the dispensing spouts which bores are parallel so that they can be machined simultaneously, thereby reducing machining steps and manufacturing costs.