Abstract: The present invention provides an aqueous coating composition wherein the resulting coating film has good visual appearance and excellent flip-flop properties, and a method for formation of a multilayer coating film. The aqueous coating composition comprising: an aqueous resin dispersion which is obtained by solution-polymerizing a monomer mixed solution A having an acid value of 30 to 150 and a hydroxyl group value of 10 to 100 in an organic solvent, thereby to synthesize a copolymer solution, converting the copolymer solution into an aqueous solution, removing the organic solvent under reduced pressure to obtain an aqueous solution resin for emulsion polymerization, and then emulsion-polymerizing a monomer mixed solution B having an acid value of 20 as an upper limit and a hydroxyl group value of 100 as an upper limit using the aqueous solution resin for emulsion polymerization as a protective colloid, thereby to synthesize a core resin in the protective colloid; and a glitter material.

Abstract: The present invention is a method of forming a chipping-resistant composite paint film comprising applying an anti-chipping primer and an intermediate coating successively in the wet-on-wet method onto a electrodeposition coat baked on a substrate and baking the two wet coat in one step, wherein the anti-chipping primer comprises (a) an aqueous dispersion of an ethylene copolymer, (b) a water-based urethane resin, and (c-1) a water-miscible organic solvent having a boiling point of not lower than 80.degree. C. and of not higher than the baking temperature of the paint, or (c-2) a melamine resin.The present invention ensures improved appearance and chipping resistance of the paint film.

Abstract: A heat-curable, water-dispersible resin composition comprising 50 to 90% by weight of a film-forming polymer (A) obtained by copolymerizing an ethylenic monomer having a saturated C.sub.6 to C.sub.18 hydrocarbon group, a hydroxy-containing ethylenic monomer, an acidic group-containing ethylenic monomer and another ethylenic monomer, and 50 to 10% by weight of a hydroxy-terminated polyester resin (B), said resin (B) being grafted on said polymer (A) by transesterification, and at least part of the acidic groups in said polymer (A) being neutralized with a base (C); a method of producing said resin composition; a water-based paint composition comprising said resin composition and a curing agent; and a two-coat one-bake coating method which uses said paint composition as a base coat. This invention provides a water-based paint composition which shows good workability in a broad humidity condition range, and excellent in storage stability, paint film appearance and performance characteristics.

Abstract: A water-based thermosetting coating composition comprises a polyester resin having a number of pendant carboxyl groups and a crosslinker for the resin both dispersed in an aqueous medium containing a neutralizing base. The polyester resin contains as polyester-forming polyhydric alcohol reactants from 1 to 40% by weight of the entire polyester-forming reactants of a polyalkadienediol or a hydrogenated products thereof and from 2 to 50% by weight of the entire polyester-forming reactants of a 2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanoic acid. The coating composition is useful for forming a multilayer coating film on metallic substrates such as automobile bodies by applying the coating composition as an intermediate coating layer between an electrodeposition coating layer and a top coating layer.

Abstract: A heat-curable, water-dispersible resin composition comprising 50 to 90% by weight of a film-forming polymer (A) obtained by copolymerizing an ethylenic monomer having a saturated C.sub.6 to C.sub.18 hydrocarbon group, a hydroxy-containing ethylenic monomer, an acidic group-containing ethylenic monomer and another ethylenic monomer, and 50 to 10% by weight of a hydroxy-terminated polyester resin (B), said resin (B) being grafted on said polymer (A) by transesterification, and at least part of the acidic groups in said polymer (A) being neutralized with a base (C); a method of producing said resin composition; a water-based paint composition comprising said resin composition and a curing agent; and a two-coat one-bake coating method which uses said paint composition as a base coat. This invention provides a water-based paint composition which shows good workability in a broad humidity condition range, and excellent in storage stability, paint film appearance and performance characteristics.

Abstract: Disclosed is a coating composition comprising:(1) a polycarbonate polyol having an average molecular weight of 400-10,000 and a hydroxyl value of 50-350, and(2) a melamine resin curing agent, wherein polyhydric alcohols constituting said polycarbonate polyol comprises at least 10 mol % of branched diols, at least 10 mol % of tri- or higher-hydric alcohols and the balance of the other polyhydric alcohols, and a ratio of component (1) / component (2) is within the range of 90/10-50/50 based on solid weight.

Abstract: The present invention provides the improvement of coating workability (e.g. pinhole resistance, sagging resistance, etc.) of an aqueous coating composition. That is, the present invention provides an aqueous coating composition which comprises: (A) an acrylic resin and/or a polyester resin having an acid value of 10 to 100, a hydroxyl value of 20 to 300 and a number average-molecular weight of 1,000 to 50,000; (B) a polycarbonate resin having a number average-molecular weight of 1,000 to 10,000 which contains a hydroxyl group at the terminal end; and (C) a curing agent.

Abstract: A method for economically manufacturing an iron-boron-silicon alloy through simple steps, which comprises the steps of: adding a boron raw material and a carbonaceous reducing agent to a molten iron received in a vessel; blowing oxygen gas into the molten iron to reduce the boron raw material in the molten iron by means of the carbonaceous reducing agent to prepare a boron-containing molten iron; continuing the blowing of oxygen gas to decarburize the boron-containing molten iron until the carbon content in the boron-containing molten iron decreases to up to 0.2 wt. %; and adding at least one of silicon and ferrosilicon to the boron-containing molten iron while stirring the boron-containing molten iron, thereby manufacturing an iron-boron-silicon alloy.