Abstract: An exhaust purification device includes a casing which accommodates a purifier that purifies exhaust gas of an engine mounted on a vehicle and in which a flow direction of the exhaust gas corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the casing, an inlet opening at a first longitudinal end of the casing, an outlet opening provided at a second longitudinal end of the casing, a first pipe connected to the inlet opening, and a second pipe connected to the outlet opening. A cross section of at least one of a connecting end of the first pipe for the casing and a connecting end of the second pipe for the casing is in a flattened shape as a dimension of the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the casing is shorter than a dimension of the cross section in a lateral direction of the casing.

Abstract: An exhaust purification device includes a casing which accommodates a purifier that purifies exhaust gas of an engine mounted on a vehicle and in which a flow direction of the exhaust gas corresponds to a longitudinal direction of the casing, an inlet opening at a first longitudinal end of the casing, an outlet opening provided at a second longitudinal end of the casing, a first pipe connected to the inlet opening, and a second pipe connected to the outlet opening. A cross section of at least one of a connecting end of the first pipe for the casing and a connecting end of the second pipe for the casing is in a flattened shape as a dimension of the cross section in the longitudinal direction of the casing is shorter than a dimension of the cross section in a lateral direction of the casing.

Abstract: A wireless relay device connecting a wireless terminal to one of a plurality of access networks with different wireless interfaces and performing relay processing between the wireless terminal and one of the plurality of access networks being connected, the wireless relay device including a wireless interface on local side to be connected to the wireless terminal, a plurality of wireless interfaces on network side to be connected to the plurality of respective access networks, and a connection control section which boots the plurality of wireless interfaces on network side when the wireless interface on local side receives a signal from the wireless terminal, connects a wireless interface on network side establishing a fastest connection and the wireless interface on local side, and connects the wireless terminal to an access network corresponding to the wireless interface on network side establishing the fastest connection.

Abstract: When an estimated value (A value) of an accumulation amount in a filter for trapping particulate matter reaches a prescribed value A1 corresponding to a prescribed accumulation amount Qm of the particulate matter and ash (S12), the forced regeneration of the filter is performed (S20); and when the estimated value (A value) reaches the prescribed value A1 again before the elapsed time since the completion of the forced regeneration of the filter reaches a prescribed time period T1 (S12, S14), it is judged that the amount of the ash accumulated in the filter is equal to or larger than a regulation amount (cleaning is required).

Abstract: A wireless relay device connecting a wireless terminal to one of a plurality of access networks with different wireless interfaces and performing relay processing between the wireless terminal and one of the plurality of access networks being connected, the wireless relay device including a wireless interface on local side to be connected to the wireless terminal, a plurality of wireless interfaces on network side to be connected to the plurality of respective access networks, and a connection control section which boots the plurality of wireless interfaces on network side when the wireless interface on local side receives a signal from the wireless terminal, connects a wireless interface on network side establishing a fastest connection and the wireless interface on local side, and connects the wireless terminal to an access network corresponding to the wireless interface on network side establishing the fastest connection.

Abstract: An apparatus for failure diagnosis starts counting a frequency of a switching action of a foot brake switch when determining that vehicle speed is higher than a first criterion value, and ceases to count the frequency of the switching action when determining that the vehicle speed has decreased below a second criterion value set to be lower than the first criterion value. When the frequency of the switching action counted by a count section is less than a predetermined value, the apparatus for failure diagnosis determines that the foot brake switch has a failure.

Abstract: A filter upstream-side pressure sensor detects the pressure on an upstream side of a filter. A filter downstream-side pressure calculating device subtracts an actual measurement value of the pressure difference between the upstream side and the downstream side of the filter from a pressure value on the upstream side of the filter. Based on this subtraction, the filter downstream-side pressure calculating device calculates a pressure value on the downstream side of the filter. A filter downstream-side pressure estimating device estimates a pressure value on the downstream side of the filter. An abnormality detection device compares the difference between the calculated pressure value and the estimated pressure value with a threshold. If the difference exceeds the threshold, it is determined that at least one of a differential pressure sensor and the filter upstream-side pressure sensor is not working normally.

Abstract: An exhaust purifying apparatus is provided with a filter located in an exhaust path of an internal combustion engine and configured to collect particulates in exhaust gas. The exhaust purifying apparatus is also provided with a differential pressure sensor which detects the pressure difference generated between the upstream side and downstream side of the filter. The problem detection apparatus of the exhaust purifying apparatus is provided with a differential pressure calculation unit and a judgment unit. The differential pressure calculation unit calculates the pressure difference between the upstream and downstream sides of the filter based on the operating state of the internal combustion engine. The judgment unit calculates a difference P between an actual measurement value of the pressure difference and a calculation differential pressure value compares the difference P with a threshold value, and detects that the filter has a problem.

Abstract: An unburned fuel supply section performs temperature rise control to supply fuel to an oxidizing catalyst disposed upstream of an exhaust purification device to cause temperature rise of the exhaust purification device using heat generated in oxidation reaction of fuel on the catalyst. During the temperature rise control, an actual cumulative fuel quantity calculation section obtains actual cumulative fuel quantity by accumulating the amount of fuel supplied to the catalyst. A theoretical cumulative fuel quantity calculation section calculates fuel supply quantity required for temperature rise of the exhaust purification device on the premise that oxidation performance of the catalyst is not deteriorated, and obtains theoretical cumulative fuel quantity by accumulating the calculated fuel supply quantity.

Abstract: An apparatus for failure diagnosis of an intake air flow sensor is provided which, when the operating state of an engine is judged to be in a low flow rate region, determines whether or not the intake air flow rate detected by the intake air flow sensor is excessively high relative to a theoretical intake air flow rate corresponding to the operating state of the engine and, if the detected intake air flow rate is excessively high, judges that the intake air flow sensor has failed. Also, when the operating state of the engine is judged to be in a high flow rate region, the apparatus for failure diagnosis determines whether or not the detected intake air flow rate is excessively low relative to the theoretical intake air flow rate and, if the detected intake air flow rate is excessively low, judges that the intake air flow sensor has failed.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an organic waste processing method and apparatus capable of making a formalin nontoxic and decreasing an amount and/or a volume of a formalin-fixed organic waste easily in a shorter time without retaining an original form. A formalin-fixed organic waste processing method comprising the steps of formalin neutralizing a formalin-fixed organic waste, decomposing the waste using an enzyme, and subsequently, carrying out a drying process, and an organic waste processing apparatus comprising a processing chamber 2 for processing the waste, a stirring paddle provided in the processing chamber 2, a driving motor of the paddle, a heater 5 for the processing chamber 2, air supply means 6, exhaust means 14, and control means 7 for controlling the operations of the driving motor, the heater 5, the air supply means 6 and the exhaust means 14.

Abstract: It is an object to provide an organic waste processing method and apparatus capable of making a formalin nontoxic and decreasing an amount and/or a volume of a formalin-fixed organic waste easily in a shorter time without retaining an original form.

Abstract: An upper panel has a shearing line including a shear-start portion, linear portions extending from opposite ends of the shear-start portion in an equal length, and an arced portion connecting leading edges of the linear portion. The upper panel also has foldable lines and ribs on the upper panel, each of the foldable lines being located at a position inner to and in parallel to each of the linear portions, and each of the ribs extending in parallel with each of the foldable lines. A pull tab has a fixing portion fixed to a portion of the upper panel inner to the shear-start portion. The pull tab has a pressing portion extending out the shearing line so as to press a portion of the upper panel located outside of the shear-start portion when a raising portion of the pull tab is raised. When the pull tab is raised for opening operation, each of the linear portions of a part detached from the upper panel has a sheared edge curled toward the inside of a container, providing safety.

Abstract: A device for opening an opening portion of an upper panel of a container is formed of a lifting portion, a pressing portion integrally formed with the lifting portion, and an elongated portion extending from one of the lifting portion and the pressing portion. A fixing member fixes a part of the elongated portion to the upper panel of the container. In the invention, a bend-supporting portion is provided in the elongated portion between the fixing member and an edge near the one of the lifting portion and the pressing portion. When the lifting portion is pulled upwardly, the bend-supporting portion initially receives a force and bends thereat to provide a space for a finger between the upper panel and the lifting portion without substantially applying the force to the pressing portion. The opening portion for the container can be easily opening.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer composition comprising (I) 60 to 99.8 wt. % of an amorphous copolymer comprising (a) units derived from perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole and (b) units derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and CF.sub.2 .dbd.CFOCF.sub.3, and (II) 0.2 to 40 wt. % of a compound having a hydrocarbon group containing at least one fluorine atom and at least one functional group selected from --OH, --SR, --COOH, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CONH--, --COO--CO--, --CONHCO--, --COO--, --CN, --NCO, --CO--, --HCOO--, --NH.sub.2 --, --NH--, .dbd.N, --SO.sub.3 H, --NHNH.sub.2, --CONH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH--, (RO).sub.n X.sub.3-n Si--, wherein R is a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, n is a number of 0 to 3, and X is halogen or a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group. The polymer composition is useful for a plastic cladding of an optical fiber.

Abstract: Disclosed is a polymer composition comprising (I) 60 to 99.8 wt. % of an amorphous copolymer comprising (a) units derived from perfluoro-2,2-dimethyl-1,3-dioxole and (b) units derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from ethylene, tetrafluoroethylene, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and CF.sub.2 =CFOCF.sub.3, and (II) 0.2 to 40 wt. % of a compound having a hydrocarbon group containing at least one fluorine atom and at least one functional group selected from --OH, --SR, --COOH, --SO--, --SO.sub.2 --, --CONH--, --COO--CO--, --CONHCO--, --COO--, --CN, --NCO, --CO--, --HCOO--, --NH.sub.2 --, --NH--, .dbd.N, --SO.sub.3 H, --NHNH.sub.2, --CONH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH.sub.2, --CH.dbd.CH--, (RO).sub.n X.sub.3-n Si--, wherein R is a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group, n is a number of 0 to 3, and X is halogen or a C.sub.1-5 alkyl group. The polymer composition is useful for a plastic cladding of an optical fiber.

Abstract: A process for producing acrylonitrile-based copolymers for carbon fibers is described, which comprises producing substantially metal-free acrylonitrile-based copolymers containing as essential components at least 95% by weight of acrylonitrile and from 0.5 to 3% by weight of a carboxyl group-containing polymerizable unsaturated monomer, at least 20% of the carboxyl groups being substituted with ammonium ions, in the presence of a redox polymerization initiator comprising ammonium persulfate and ammonium sulfite and, thereafter, spinning the acrylonitrile-based copolymer. The present invention permits production of acrylonitrile-based copolymers free of metal impurities responsible for the formation of defects in the ultimate carbon fibers. High performance carbon fibers can be produced without the need of any additional steps.

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for making high strength carbon fibers which comprises carbonizing acrylic fibers applied with an aqueous dispersion of a silicone compound represented by the following general formula [I] dispersed with an emulsifier represented by the following general formula [II], the total amount of the silicone compound and the emulsifier being 0.01 to 10.0% by weight (owf) and the weight ratio of the emulsifier to the silicone compound being 0.05 to 0.4: ##STR1## (where the symbols are as defined hereinbefore).

Abstract: The production of a 1-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole of the formula ##STR1## wherein R is hydroxy, amino, or alkoxy, is carried out by reacting a 1,2,4 triazole of formula ##STR2## wherein R is hydroxy, amino, or alkoxy group, with a greater than equimolar amount of a ribofuranosyl group donor in the presence of a nucleoside phosphorylase preparation at a temperature in the range from 40.degree. to 65.degree. C. for more than 10 minutes, and recovering a 1-.beta.-D-ribofuranosyl-1,2,4-triazole from the reaction solution. The temperature is preferably from 55.degree. to 65.degree. C. and the time is preferably 10 minutes to 20 hours. An elevated temperature higher than the usual enzyme reaction temperature isused to prevent undesirable enzymatic reactions.

Abstract: Certain yeasts are capable of growing in a culture medium containing soybean whey as the main carbon source. The yeast cells have a high protein content, and they are suitable for feed food, and so on.