Abstract: A thermal transfer recording apparatus is disclosed and includes a recording medium sheet formed of a plastic film material having numerous minute voids therein, and a thermal recording sheet formed of a heat resistive base sheet with opposing surfaces and a thermal transfer layer coated onto one of the opposing surfaces of the base sheet. The thermal transfer layer comprises an ink material containing a binder material and being transferable to the recording medium sheet, and particles which are solid at room temperature and are mixed into the transfer layer in order to form minute protrusions on a surface of the thermal transfer layer. The apparatus also includes a heater for raising the temperature of the thermal transfer layer in a controlled manner so as to decrease the viscosity of the thermal transfer layer.

Abstract: A layer of fresh colorant is deposited on a first drum. Solvent is selectively deposited on a second drum in contact with the colorant layer in response to an electrical signal representing the density of a picture element. The colorant layer is subsequently brought into contact with first the solvent on the second drum and then with a recording medium to transfer the portion of the colorant layer which contacts the solvent to the recording medium.

Abstract: A thermal transfer sheet comprising a heat resistive base, a thermally transferable ink layer on one side of the base, and auxiliary particles distributed in the layer so that they partially emerge from the surface of the layer to present an irregular surface. The transferable ink layer comprises a mixture of a coloring agent and a hot melt binder, the mixture being transferable to a writing surface in response to application of heat to the other side of the base to provide continuous tone rendition.

Abstract: A thermal printer which uses a thermally transferably ink sheet having an irregular surface comprises heating means for generating heat in response to an input signal applied thereto; first support means for movably supporting a recording sheet and providing a pressure on the recording sheet in a direction toward the heating means; second support means for movably supporting a thermal transfer sheet in contact with the heating means, the thermal transfer sheet comprising a heat resistive base and a thermally transferably ink layer on one side of the base, the layer comprising a mixture of a coloring agent and a hot melt binder, the mixture being transferably to the recording sheet in response to application of heat to the other side of the base, and auxiliary particles distributed in the layer so that they partially emerge from the surface of the layer; means for moving the first and second supporting means; and means located down stream with respect to the heating means for separating the transfer and record

Abstract: A layer of colorant is deposited on a transfer base. Solvent is deposited on a portion of the colorant layer or a recording medium in response to an electrical signal representing the density of a picture element. The colorant layer is subsequently brought into contact with the recording medium to transfer the portion of the colorant layer where the solvent is deposited from the base to the recording medium.

Abstract: A thermal transfer recording sheet is produced by placing, on one side of a sheet-like heat-resistant substrate successively along the surface, one or more thermal transfer recording layers containing a recording material which contains a binder material and a coloring material and whose viscosity is lowered and controlled by temperature-raise recording control, so that transferability to recording medium is imparted, and a thermal transfer coating layer containing a hot-melt material which is miscible (compatible) with at least a part of said binder material.The thermal transfer recording using said thermal transfer recording sheet is characterized by first subjecting the thermal transfer coating layer to temperature-raise recording control, forming a film of the hot-melt material on the surface of the recording material at least on a portion to which the recording material is transferred, and conducting thereon thermal transfer recording as usual.

Abstract: Transfer recording is carried out by driving in press-contacting a recording medium, e.g. a paper and a recording material sheet such as an ink transfer sheet, in a gap between a platen and a thermal head, and improvement is to apply a solvent, e.g. of liquid state and having volatility, on said paper, thereby high speed thermodissolving transfer is made by heat of said heated points, and recording with continuous gradation is obtainable.

Abstract: An electroosmotic ink printer comprising a head having an array of recording electrodes successively arranged to define a print line along one edge of the head. A common electrode is provided in spaced overlying relation with the recording electrodes. Between the electrode array and the common electrode is a means for electroosmotically moving ink in a direction toward the print line and in an opposite direction depending on an electrical potential applied to the recording electrodes with respect to the common electrode. A memory stores a video input signal in a plurality of storage locations corresponding to the recording electrodes for delivery in parallel form to a modulator for generating individual recording signals corresponding to the recording electrodes.

Abstract: A light modulating display device comprises a liquid holding part and an optical part. The liquid holding part comprises a dielectric matrix within which a dielectric, light pervious liquid is axially movable under the influence of an electric field. The optical part comprises a multitude of capillary openings juxtaposed in a plane and extending axially from the matrix to permit the liquid to at least partially fill the openings. The transverse dimension of each opening is variable as a function of axial distance from the plane so that the liquid in each opening acquires a surface concavity depending on the distance of the liquid surface from the plane and hence on the intensity of the electric field. Light incident on the capillary openings is modulated in intensity according to the surface concavities.

Abstract: An electroosmotic ink printer head comprising a dielectric support having a surface defined by longitudinal front and rear edges and a pair of transverse edges. A plurality of first electrodes is successively arranged on said surface extending rearward from the front side of the support. A porous member is provided to overlie the first electrodes in contact with said surface. On the porous member is a second, liquid-permeable electrode on which is provided a means for supplying ink thereto to allow it to permeate therethrough to the porous member. A third electrode is located adjacent to each outermost one of the first electrodes and to the longitudinal front edge. A potential is applied to the third electrode with respect to the second electrode to cause the ink in the porous member to electroosmotically move in a direction from the third electrode to the second electrode. The ink which might wet the front edge of the support is pulled rearward by the electroosmotic movement.

Abstract: In a head of an electroosmotic ink recording apparatus wherein a porous substance film 40 and a second electrode 50 which is permeable to a fluid ink 200 are accumulated in sequence on a principal face 11 of a non-porous substrate 10, on which a plural number of first electrodes (recording electrodes) 20 are provided, signal voltages V.sub.B and V.sub.B ' for ink recording being applied between the first electrodes 20 and the second electrode 50, the first electrodes are of ink-philic (generally hydrophilic) conductive substance and their surfaces are isolated with a substantially ink-repellant (generally hydrophobic) and insulative substance, thereby recording has a clear discretion between neighboring dots drawn by corresponding neighboring second electrodes.

Abstract: A display device comprises a composite body including a display structure of film-shape or plate-shape porous substance made of light transmissive or colored dielectric material and supported to expose at least one surface thereof to an open space and light transmissive liquid material impregnated in the porous substance, and means for applying a signal voltage to the composite body. By electroosmotic movement of the light transmissive liquid material in the porous substance in response to the signal voltage, liquid impregnation factor on at least one surface of the porous substance exposed to the open space is electrically controlled to control light reflection factor or light transmission factor of the composite body to an external light.By forming a plurality of depressions of dot or line shape on the surface of the porous substance exposed to the open space, a high sensitivity control of external light is attained.

Abstract: An end tip part of one side of plural recording electrodes are disposed insulated from one another facing a recording surface of recording medium, and these electrodes are inserted into plural plate-or film-shaped solid state dielectric porous or non-porous substance substrates, and an auxiliary electrode is disposed on one or both outer surfaces of this solid state dielectric substance substrates, and a fluid ink is fed to this recording head, and also signal voltage is applied across the recording electrode and the auxiliary electrode, thereby the electroosmotic travelling of fluid ink is carried out, the fluid ink forming this ink pattern is to fly and deposit onto the recording medium by means of coulomb force or electroosmotic pressure.

Abstract: An ink recording apparatus of low voltage operation, wherein by utilizing an electroosmotic phenomenon of the fluid ink with respect to the solid state dielectric substance substrate, the amount of the fluid ink deposited on the surface of the ink transfer body is electrically controlled in sequence by means of electric signals V.sub.C, V.sub.C ' applied across the recording electrode and ink transfer body, and this controlled deposited ink is retained on the surface of the ink transfer body and rotated, and then transferred and deposited onto the recording medium, thereby an ink picture is recorded and reproduced on the recording medium.

Abstract: A novel ink printing apparatus utilizes electroosmotic force on a face of dielectric substance substrate 10 between a needle shaped recording electrode 20 and a ring shaped auxiliary electrode 30. When a voltage of a suitable polarity is applied between the electrodes 20 and 30, a fluid ink (of solvent ink) 40 laid on the dielectric substrate 10 to range from the electrodes 30 to 20 travels by the electroosmotic force and makes protrusion 41 on the end tip 20' of the recording electrode 20. By applying a high voltage between a counter electrode 60 behind a recording paper 50 and the recording electrode 20, the fluid ink 41 flies to the recording paper.

Abstract: Two electron beams are used to scan a striped color phosphor pattern arranged normal to the scan line in succession so as to increase the total amount of photon emission during the interval between successive line scans. The two beams are oscillated parallel to the scan line so as to increase the dwell time of impinging electrons on the phosphor stripe with a consequential increment in brightness. Beam sensing elements are located in a predetermined positional relationship with the phosphor stripes. Impingement of the scanning beams upon the sensing elements produces an index signal representing the nonlinearity which may be present in the horizontal deflection waveform, which signal is stored for the interval of a subsequent raster scan and retrieved nondestructively at the start of each line scan. The retrieved signal is modulated in frequency with a signal representing the time it takes for the beam to traverse the entire phosphor stripes to compensate for the so-called pincushion distortion.

Abstract: A device comprising a support member of a solid material, a liquid material in intimate contact with and supported by the support member and an electrical means for creating an electric field having an electric vector in a direction parallel to the interface between the two materials to cause an electroosmotic movement of a portion of the liquid material and a resulting patterned unevenness of the configuration of the liquid material, wherein the liquid material contains a derivative of silane or siloxane which has a functional group having chemical affinity with solid organic materials useful as the support member, typified by vinyl, methacryloxy, cycloepoxy, mercapto and chlorine radicals, and/or another functional group having chemical affinity with inorganic materials useful as the support member, typified by alkoxyl group. When the solid and liquid materials are transparent, the device functions as an electrically controllable optical lens.

Abstract: An electroosmotically movable liquid film is caused to vary its thickness by local loop currents produced by a charge pattern representing an image developed across the film surface, thus forming local gradients which are proportional to the amount of deposited charges. Streaks of light formed by a first aperture grille are refracted as they pass through the gradients in the liquid film and intensity-modulated by a second aperture grille to form replica of the image charge pattern.

Abstract: A light modulating device comprising a heterogeneous layer containing an electrokinetically movable liquid material and a solid substance polarizable with respect to the liquid. By establishing an electrical field in the layer the electrokinetically movable liquid is caused to move to vary the transmissivity of the layer to visible light. The electrical field is spatially modulated by electric charges in accordance with an image pattern and the incident light is modulated in exact correspondence with the modulated electrical field. The spatial modulation of the electrical field is effected by the incident ultraviolet light or X-ray radiation or by the impingement of an electron beam in a vacuum chamber.

Abstract: Transfer recording is carried out by driving in press-contacting a recording medium, e.g. a paper and a recording material sheet such as an ink transfer sheet, in a gap between a platen and a thermal head, and improvement is to apply a solvent, e.g. of liquid state and having volatility, on said paper, thereby high speed thermo-dissolving transfer is made by heat of said heated points, and recording with continuous gradation is obtainable.