Abstract: An ultrasonic transducer is adapted to transmit spherical ultrasonic waves which have a plurality of frequencies into an object under examination while being scanned in a direction at right angles to the direction of transmission. By repeating this operation, echo signals are obtained, on the basis of which a B-scan distribution image of the echo signals is obtained through use of a synthetic aperture method. Using the distribution image, there is determined position information relating to positions of interest in the object as indicated in the distribution image, as well as scanning positions of the ultrasonic transducer situated on extensions of straight lines connecting the positions of interest. The attenuation coefficient of the object is measured based on echo signals at the scanning positions.

Abstract: A method and apparatus wherein two probes are arranged to oppose each other on either side of an object under investigation and each of two probes emits ultrasonic waves to measure the acoustic characteristics of the object respectively.Mean attenuation coefficients for small intervals can be calculated solely from the received echo signals by processing signals indicative of echos of the ultrasonic waves from the two probes. Reflection coefficients can be calculated from the mean attenuation coefficients obtained. In addition, a distribution image of either of the mean attenuation coefficient and reflection coefficient distributions are obtained from these mean attenuation coefficients and reflection coefficients for the small intervals.

Abstract: An electronic clinical thermometer having a store of plural temperature prediction functions in which elapsed measurement time is a variable, each function prescribing a temperature change up to a final, stable temperature. Temperature at a specific point in time is predicted in accordance with a selected temperature prediction function based on a temperature at a specific sampling instant and elapsed measurement time up to the past sampling instant. The predicted value and a value actually measured at the specific point in time are compared to obtain a difference between them. When the difference falls outside prescribed limits, another temperature prediction function is selected, a subsequent predicted value is obtained based thereon, and the foregoing process is repeated until a difference is found which lies within the prescribed limits. When this occurs, a predicted value of the final, stable temperature corresponding to the prediction function is obtained and delivered as an output.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for ultrasonic measurement in which ultrasonic pulses having a plurality of different frequencies are transmitted into in order to object under investigation and derive a mean value of attenuation coefficients indicative of attenuation within the object, as well as the frequency dependence of the attenuation coefficient. If the frequency dependence of the reflection intensity from the object under investigation is constant or proportional to frequency within a range of measured frequencies, it is possible to obtain the attenuation coefficient and the coefficient indicative of its frequency dependence within a small area of the object by measuring the echo intensity of emitted ultrasonic pulses having three different frequencies. Furthermore, extending the above-mentioned processing over all small areas of the entire object enables obtaining a two-dimensional distribution image indicative of the attenuation coefficient and its frequency dependence.

Abstract: A recording method by use of an ink is disclosed, in which images are formed by an aqueous ink comprising at least one dye selected from the group consisting of a pyrazolone azo dye, a phthalocyanine sulfonate dye, a xanthene dye and an azo dye on a recording medium containing at least one component selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble metal salt whose metal has an ion valence of 2 or more, an alkyl amine and a quaternary ammonium salt.

Abstract: An aqueous ink for ink-jet printing comprises as its main components (i) a water-soluble direct dye and/or acid dye, (ii) a polyhydric alcohol and/or an alkyl ether thereof, (iii) water, and (iv) at least one water-soluble non-ionic surface active agent selected from the group consisting of a polyoxyethylene alkyl amine of formula (I), a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether of formula (II) and a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether of formula (III): ##STR1## where R.sup.1 represents a group derived from a chain hydrocarbon with 16 to 19 carbon atoms; m, an integer of 0 through 18; and n, an integer of 0 through 18; where m+n equals 8 through 18; ##STR2## where R.sup.2 represents a group derived from a chain hydrocarbon with 7 to 12 carbon atoms; and x represents an integer of 12 through 20; ##STR3## where R.sup.3 and R.sup.4 each represent a group derived from a chain hydrocarbon with 6 to 8 carbon atoms; and y represents an integer of 10 through 15.

Abstract: An on-demand type ink jet printing apparatus which prints out data in various forms such as characters and numerals by the combination of dots formed by ink droplets on a sheet of paper. An ink ejection head of the printer includes control electrodes disposed in at least one ink passageway. Ink droplets are formed and caused to fly by electric fields developed in the vicinity of the control electrodes when voltages are applied thereacross. Multiport ink ejection is achieved by the provision of a plurality of ink passageways in the head. The voltage supply to the control electrodes is controllable so that ink droplets may be formed and caused into flight in response to print signals.A channel defining each ink passageway can be shaped easily yet with accuracy utilizing an etching characteristic particular to a specific crystal face.A plurality of acceleration electrodes may be employed to promote desirable flight of ink droplets.

Abstract: An aqueous ink for ink-jet printing comprises a water-soluble dye, water and a compound selected from the group consisting and the compounds of formula (I) and the compounds of formula (II): ##STR1## wherein X.sup.1 represents ##STR2## in which R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represent an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of 0 to 2; and at least one of the two Y's is a hydroxyl group, and, when one Y, but not both Y's, is a hydroxyl group, the Y that is not a hydroxyl group is the same as the above-mentioned X.sup.1 ;X.sup.2 --(CH.sub.2)n--OH (II)wherein X.sup.2 represents ##STR3## in which R, R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 independently represent an alkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydroxyalkyl group with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, m is an integer of 0 to 2, and n is an integer of 1 to 6.

Abstract: An ink jet recording process comprising jetting aqueous ink through a narrow nozzle, recovering the unused aqueous ink that has not reached the surface of an object to be recorded within an ink jet printer and then circulating it for re-use, characterized in that said aqueous ink is brought into contact with an ion-exchange resin in at least one location in the ink circulating system within said printer.

Abstract: An unsaturated polyester resin composition for coating metal substrates, comprising an unsaturated alkyd component and a polymerizable vinyl monomer, said unsaturated alkyd component selected from the group consisting of:(a) compounds resulting from addition of mono-epoxy compounds possessing a .beta.,.gamma.-unsaturated ether to the carboxyl group of dicyclopentadiene-modified unsaturated alkyds, and(b) mixtures of dicyclopentadiene-modified unsaturated alkyds with unsaturated alkyds obtained by the ring-opening copolymerization of .alpha.,.beta.-unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides and mono-epoxy compounds possessing a .beta., .gamma.-unsaturated ether group.

Abstract: A pressure sensitive adhesive toner for use in electrostatic photography which consists essentially of porous aggregates. Each aggregate consists essentially of a cluster of a multiplicity of individual granules of pressure sensitive adhesive substance, each granule being encapsulated by a coating film of a film-forming material. Particles of an inorganic or organic pigment and/or a magnetic substance are contained within the aggregate in the interstices between the granules and deposited on the surfaces of the encapsulated granules. The toner aggregates are free from a tendency to cohere, cake and agglomerate to each other. The toner can be readily pressure fixed, using a low impression pressure, onto a surface bearing an electrostatic latent image without causing any contamination thereon, thereby forming a distinct visible image.

Abstract: The wet type direct recording method and apparatus is disclosed in which a liquid oil phase is formed in advance on the surface of a recording sheet, and the oil phase is then brought into contact with the aqueous phase comprising an aqueous colored liquid, and a signal voltage containing a recording image information is applied to the interface between the oil phase and the aqueous phase and an electrically emulsified pattern, which corresponds to the recording image formation, is formed on the surface of the recording material, so that a recording image of the aqueous colored liquid is obtained.

Abstract: The recording apparatus of a type adopting a non-impact recording method comprises a recording electrode and a toner-bearing counter electrode, which are disposed with a predetermined gap therebetween, and recording is performed on a recording sheet, while the sheet is passed through the gap or recording portion, by the toner being attracted from the counter electrode to the recording sheet in accordance with a signal applied to the counter electrode from the recording electrode. On the surface of the counter electrode, in accordance with the invention there are formed an electrically conductive and ferromagnetic base portion and a number of non-conductive and non-magnetic convexities. The toner is deposited only on the base portion by suitable supply and scraper means, without exceeding the height of the convexities.

Abstract: A recording method wherein electrostatic atomization of a liquid is applied to the phenomenon that when a coloring material solution holding member is partly immersed in a solution of coloring material, the solution juts up from the surface thereof in accordance with the affinity of the material of the coloring material solution holding member with the solution. The coloring material solution holding member is formed of an insulating material and has strips of a conductive material arranged in spaced relation on opposite surfaces of the member in such a manner that the strips of the conductive material on opposite surfaces thereof are disposed in staggered relation. The conductive material is of the type which has high affinity with a particular solution of coloring material.

Abstract: A wet type direct image recording method an apparatus wherein an ink/image is formed directly on a surface treated recording material by passing the recording material between an image signal voltage applying electrode and an ink supplier device.The surface of the ink supplier device has depressions in its surface layer, which permit capillarity of the ink, thereby the ink is held in the surface layer of the ink supplier device, and at least either of the ink and the surface layer of the ink supplier device is electrically conductive so that the ink or the ink supplier device serves as a counter electrode for the image signal voltage applying electrode.The ink in the depressions is easily attracted electrostatically to the surface of the recording material when an electric field is formed between the image signal voltage applying electrode and the ink or the ink supplier device since the surface tension of the ink is reduced significantly by the electric field.