Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein: the silver halide emulsion layer comprises a silver halide comprising silver chloride or silver chlorobromide having a silver chloride content of not less than 95 mol %; the silver halide emulsion comprises at least one transition metal selected from the group consisting of elements belonging to the groups V to VIII of the periodic table, which has one nitrosyl, thionitrosyl or aquo ligand per molecule; and the silver halide is chemically sensitized with a selenium compound selected from compounds represented by one of formulae SE-1 to SE-8 disclosed in the specification.

Abstract: A plant-growing system includes a covering material filled with a substrate for growing plants. The covering material has a bag form or a tubular form and is made of a water-impermeable resin sheet of woven or nonwoven fabric having a basis weight of 20 to 100 g/m.sup.2, a visible-ray reflectance of more than 60%, and an air-permeability of 10 to 200 sec/100 cc. Thus, the substrate does not suffer oxygen shortage, thereby promoting healthy growth of plant roots. Excellent air-permeability prevents an excessive rise in moisture and temperature within the plant-growing system. Further, since excess water is drained from the substrate to maintain a constant water level within the substrate, watering is easy to perform, and excess watering does not cause root rot. In a plant-growing method, the plant-growing system is placed on a ground surface while the covering material is held by a metallic part at its bottom as well as at its both side walls or single side wall.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a photographic material constituting layer, which is processed with a developer containing as a developing agent a reductone represented by formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or a hydroxyl group, andn represents an integer of from 1 to 4,wherein the photographic material constituting layer contains a calcium compound in an amount of not more than 10 mg/m.sup.2 of the photographic material in terms of calcium.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a transparent support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer provided on at least one side of said transparent support, said at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising silver halide grains, wherein at least 50% of the total projected area of said silver halide grains accounts for silver chloride-containing tabular grains having a silver chloride content of 20 mol % or more, and the tabular grains have an average aspect ratio of 2 or more, and the silver halide photographic material contains at least one compound represented by formula [I] or (A): ##STR1## The photographic material can reduce pollution caused by developing solutions and fixing solutions, and reduce the replenishment rate thereof.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material having good spectral-sensitivity to laser rays, and which forms a high-sensitivity and high-contrast image by short-time exposure with high-intensity light. When processed with a reduced amount of replenisher, there is little fluctuation of photographic properties of the processed photographic material. The present invention relates to a silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer comprising a silver halide emulsion containing silver halide grains having a silver chloride content of 50 mol % or less, wherein the silver halide emulsion is spectrally sensitized with a spectral sensitizing dye selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by formulae (I), (II) and (III) and the silver halide emulsion is chemically sensitized with a selenium compound and a gold compound: ##STR1## where the substituent groups for formulae (I) to (III) are defined in the specification.

Abstract: An image-forming method comprising processing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic material for a laser scanner comprising a transparent support having thereon at least one silver halide emulsion layer comprising a silver halide emulsion having a silver chloride content of .gtoreq.90 mol % spectrally sensitized to a range of .gtoreq.600 nm. Processing comprises developing in a developing bath and fixing in a fixing bath, wherein the photographic material contains one or both of a conductive metal oxide and a conductive polymer; the developing bath and the fixing bath are each replenished in an amount of .ltoreq.200 ml per m.sup.2 of the photographic material processed; the processing is carried out in an automatic developing machine. Further, an image-forming method, wherein the photographic material contains a polyoxyethylene nonionic surface active agent and a fluorine-containing surface active agent each having a solubility of .ltoreq.0.

Abstract: A processing method is disclosed, comprising development-processing a photographic material comprising a support having thereon a silver halide emulsion layer or a constituent layer adjacent to the emulsion layer which contains (i) a silver halide composition comprising at least one of silver bromochloride, silver chloroiodide, or silver bromochloroiodide each having a silver chloride content of 90 mole % or more, or silver chloride, and (ii) a compound represented by the following Formula (I) ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a hydrogen atom, an ammonium group or an alkali metal atom; and R.sub.2 represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aryl group, with a developing solution containing (1) a dihydroxybenzene compound, and (2) an ascorbic acid or a derivative thereof in an amount of at least 5 mole % based on the amount of the dihydroxybenzene compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of developing a transmission black-and-white silver halide photographic material with an automatic processor, in which a developer having a bromide ion concentration of 0.01 mol/liter or less and having a pH value of 9.8 or less is used with replenishment of the developer being in an amount of about 200 ml or less per m.sup.2 of the material being processed. Though the amount of the replenisher to the developer used is small in the method, the photographic properties of the processed material are stable and the processed material is fogged little.

Abstract: There is disclosed a silver halide photographic material for a medical care which provides a good silver color tone in a laser exposures a high sensitivity and an excellent rapid processing performance. The silver halide photographic material for a medical care comprises (A) a transparent support having the thickness of 150 .mu.m or more, and (B) a silver halide emulsion layer provided on the trasparent support, wherein silver halide grains in the silver halide emulsion layer, which contain those having a (100) face/(111) face ratio of 5 or more and those having a silver bromide-localized phase on the surface thereof, have an average grain size of not larger than 0.4 .mu.m in terms of a projected area circle-corresponding diameter, a silver chloride content of at least 90 mole %, and an iron compound of 10.sup.-5 mole or more per mole of silver halide.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a hydrophilic colloidal layer structure including at least two silver halide emulsion layers provided on at least one common side of a transparent support, wherein the average content of iridium compound per unit mol of silver in the silver halide emulsion layer on the side nearer to the support is greater than that of the silver halide emulsion layer located further from the support, and, characterized by at least one of (1) when exposed to laser light having a wavelength of 600 to 850 nm, the maximum value of .gamma. on the characteristic curve of optical density versus exposure (logarithm) is not more than 3.2; or (2) the average grain size of the grains in the silver halide emulsion layer located further from the support is greater than that of the grains in the silver halide emulsion layer located nearer to the support.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support and at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer coated on at least one side of the support, wherein the silver halide grains contained in the silver halide emulsion layer have been subjected to reduction-sensitization, and the silver halide emulsion contains at least one spectral sensitizer represented by Formula (I), as defined in claim 1. At least one of the dyes represented by Formula (II), as defined in claim 1, is added to the silver halide emulsion after chemical sensitization or reduction sensitization, but before coating. The addition amount of the dye represented by Formula (I) is 5.times.10.sup.-4 to 3.times.10.sup.-3 mol per mol of silver halide and the addition amount of the dye represented by Formula (II) is 1.times.10.sup.-5 to 1.times.10.sup.-3 mol per mol of silver halide, provided that the addition amount of the dye of Formula (I) is more than that of the dye of Formula (II).

Abstract: A method for processing a transmission type black-and-white photographic material using an automatic processor is disclosed, which comprises processing an imagewise exposed silver halide photographic material comprises silver chlorobromide, silver chloroiodide or silver chloroiodobromide grains having a silver chloride content of at least 90 mol % and a mean grain size of 0.1 to 0.4 .mu.m or silver chloride grains having a mean grain size of 0.1 to 0.4 .mu.m; the processing comprises developing in a developing bath and fixing in a fixing bath and the developing bath contains sodium ion in an amount comprising at least 70 mol % of the entire cation content of the developing bath; the developing bath and the fixing bath are each replenished in an amount of not more than 150 ml per m.sup.2 of the silver halide photographic material processed; and the processing is carried out in an automatic processor.

Abstract: Disclosed is a silver halide photographic material for medical use, in which the coated amount of silver per surface of the support is 2.8 g/m.sup.2 or less, the silver halide grains in the coated silver halide emulsion layer have a silver chloride content of 10 to 50 mol %, they contain 10.sup.-8 mol or more, per mol of silver, of an iridium compound and they have been spectrally-sensitized to be sensitive to rays of from 600 to 700 nm wavelength range. The material may be processed by rapid processing and has a high sensitivity and high covering power. Also disclosed is a silver halide photographic material for laser exposure, in which the emulsion contains 10.sup.-8 mol or more, per mol of silver, of an iridium compound and is spectrally-sensitized with a sensitizing dye of formula (III): ##STR1## where V.sub.1, V.sub.2, V.sub.3, V.sub.4, V.sub.5, V.sub.6, V.sub.7 and V.sub.

Abstract: A silver halide light-sensitive material comprising a support having thereon at least one negative silver halide emulsion layer is disclosed, in which a coating weight of the total binder on one side of the support is not more than 4.2 g/m.sup.2 and silver halide grains in the emulsion layer have been subjected to reduction sensitization. The light-sensitive material has improved pressure resistance while exhibiting high sensitivity and suitability for ultra-rapid processing.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material is disclosed, comprising a hydrophilic layer containing a dye dispersed in a solid particle form therein on at least one side of a support and at least one silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the coating weight of hydrophilic colloid in said layer containing a dye dispersed in a solid particle form therein is from 0.05 to 0.5 g/m.sup.2 and the total coating weight of hydrophilic colloid on each side of said support is from 0.5 to 3 g/m.sup.2.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material for X-ray use comprising a support having provided thereon at least one hydrophilic colloid layer, at least one of which is a silver halide emulsion layer, wherein the silver halide emulsion layer contains tabular silver halide grains having an aspect ratio of 3 or more, and at least one of the silver halide emulsion layers or other hydrophilic colloid layers of the photographic material contains a polyhydroxy-substituted benzene compound in an amount of from 3.times.10.sup.-2 mol to less than 5.times.10.sup.-1 mol per mol of silver.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic emulsion containing silver halide grains having (III) faces, at least 50% (by projected area) of which are(a) silver halide grains controlled so that the development thereof is initiated at the corners or in the vicinity of the corners of the grains, and/or(b) silver halide grains controlled so that the development thereof is initiated at the edges or in the vicinity of the edges of the grains.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material which comprises a support having provided thereon at least one light-sensitive silver halide emulsion layer and at least one subbing layer, wherein the at least one subbing layer comprises a binder, a polymer represented by formula (I), a dye represented by formula (II) and a nonionic surface active agent, all described hereinbelow, which has improved sharpness by virtue of the decoloring capable anti-halation function provided by the subbing layer.

Abstract: A silver halide photographic material comprising a support having thereon at least one hydrophilic colloid layer containing at least one dye represented by formula (I), ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 represents a substituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted heterocyclic group, each group being substituted by at least one carboxylic acid group or sulfonic acid group; R.sub.2 represents --CONR.sub.3 R.sub.4 or --NR.sub.3 COR.sub.4, wherein R.sub.3 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group and R.sub.4 represents a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group having a hydrophobic substituent constant .pi. in the range of about 1.60.ltoreq..pi..ltoreq.about 3.90; L.sub.1, L.sub.2, and L.sub.3 each represents a substituted or unsubstituted methine group; and n represents 0, 1, or 2.

Abstract: A digital display system connected to an exposure indicator in a camera to provide a digital display representative of the exposure value in shutter speed by an array of numerical indicators of the block number eight type. When the numerical value of shutter speed is equal to or larger than one second, the indicator which is directly to the right of the least significant digit is utilized to display an indicium representing a "second" unit as is usual in digital stop watch art by driving a pair of upper-positioned parallel segments in the "FIG. eight" pattern to be lit serially from the least significant digit.