Abstract: Disclosed is a compact and convenient apparatus for producing corrugated cardboard, which solves or at least lightens the problem that the plant is too long. In this apparatus a component (I) for completing a single facer corrugated cardboard is disposed on the first floor (G); a component (II) for preparing incomplete corrugated card board on the second floor deck (U); a component (III) for obtaining the complete corrugated cardboard on the slope which goes down gradually and linearly from the second floor deck to the first floor; and a component (IV) for drawing the product corrugated cardboard and delivering to the next processing steps on the first floor.

Abstract: Two end facets of a solid state laser medium function as resonating mirrors that cause a pumping light beam to resonate within the solid state laser medium, which becomes a resonator. A pumping means outputs the pumping light beam, having at least two longitudinal modes and a coherence length greater than or equal to the resonator length of the resonator, to be input to the solid state laser medium such that the laser beam resonates within the resonator.

Abstract: A laser amplifier includes a gain medium of a glass fiber, a first exciting light source, a second exciting light source, and another first exciting light source. The gain medium of the glass fiber includes rare earth dopant in a host medium. Ions of the rare earth dopant has an energy level structure including a ground level and a pair of laser upper level and laser lower levels between which a stimulated transition is to be produced after production of a population inversion between the pair of laser upper and laser lower levels. The pair of laser upper and laser lower levels being higher than the ground level. The first exciting light source is coupled to the input side of the glass fiber for introducing first exciting light to the glass fiber to produce the population inversion.

Abstract: Two semiconductor laser light sources for outputting light of two properly selected wavelengths are employed as excitation light sources. That is, as excitation light sources, there are used a first semiconductor laser excitation light source for exciting ion from a base level to a laser low level or an energy level higher than the laser low level and a second semiconductor laser excitation light source having a wavelength different from that of the first excitation light source for exciting ion from a laser low level to a laser high level. For example, an amplification fiber uses a fluoro zircon ate glass as a base material. Two multiple wavelength couplers are disposed at the input side of the amplification fiber. The multiple wavelength couplers are connected to the first excitation light source and the second excitation light source, respectively.

Abstract: A laser crystal is formed on a substrate in a solid-state laser device. The laser crystal oscillates laser beam from a second end face when an excitation beam is projected to a first end face. An excitation beam emission element emitting the excitation beam is provided for the solid-state laser device. A waveguide path is formed on the substrate. The excitation beam is transmitted through the waveguide path. The waveguide path has a first end portion on which the excitation beam emitted by the excitation beam emission element impinges and a second end portion which opposes the first end face of the laser crystal. The excitation beam is emitted from the second end portion.

Abstract: A laser amplifier includes a gain medium of a glass fiber, a first exciting light source, a second exciting light source, and another first exciting light source. The gain medium of the glass fiber includes rare earth dopant in a host medium. Ions of the rare earth dopant has an energy level structure including a ground level and a pair of laser upper level and laser lower levels between which a stimulated transition is to be produced after production of a population inversion between the pair of laser upper and laser lower levels. The pair of laser upper and laser lower levels being higher than the ground level. The first exciting light source is coupled to the input side of the glass fiber for introducing first exciting light to the glass fiber to produce the population inversion.

Abstract: A laser amplifier includes an amplification fiber main line, a first light source and a second light source. The amplification fiber main line transfers signal light. Amplification medium is doped in a core of the amplification fiber main line. The signal light is amplified with laser light generated in response to transition of electrons from at least an upper laser level to a lower laser level in the amplification medium. The first light source generates first excitation light which is supplied to the amplification fiber main line for the amplification of the signal light. The first excitation light is used to excite the electrons from levels lower than the lower laser level to the upper laser level. The second light source generates second excitation light which is supplied to the amplification fiber main line for the amplification of the signal light. The second excitation light is used to excite the electrons from the lower laser level to the upper laser level.

Abstract: A laser crystal is formed on a substrate in a solid-state laser device. The laser crystal oscillates laser beam from a second end face when an excitation beam is projected to a first end face. An excitation beam emission element emitting the excitation beam is provided for the solid-state laser device. A waveguide path is formed on the substrate. The excitation beam is transmitted through the waveguide path. The waveguide path has a first end portion on which the excitation beam emitted by the excitation beam emission element impinges and a second end portion which opposes the first end face of the laser crystal. The excitation beam is emitted from the second end portion.

Abstract: A laser amplifier and/or oscillator comprise a gain medium including rare earth dopant in an host medium. Ions of the rate earth dopant has an energy level structure including a ground level and a pair of laser upper level and laser lower levels between which a stimulated transition is to be produced after production of a population inversion between the pair of laser upper and laser lower levels. A first exciting light source is coupled to the gain medium for introducing first exciting light to said gain medium to produce said population inversion. A second exciting light source is coupled to the gain medium for introducing second exciting light to the gain medium to raise the rare earth dopant ions from the ground level to the laser lower level.

Abstract: Two semiconductor laser light sources for outputting light of two properly selected wavelengths are employed as excitation light sources. That is, as excitation light sources, there are used a first semiconductor laser excitation light source for exciting ion from a base level to a laser low level or an energy level higher than the laser low level and a second semiconductor laser excitation light source having a wavelength different from that of the first excitation light source for exciting ion from a laser low level to a laser high level. For example, an amplification fiber uses a fluoro zirconate glass as a base material. Two multiple wavelength couplers are disposed at the input side of the amplification fiber. The multiple wavelength couplers are connected to the first excitation light source and the second excitation light source, respectively.

Abstract: A laser amplifier includes a gain medium of a glass fiber, a first exciting light source, a second exciting light source, and another first exciting light source. The gain medium of the glass fiber includes rare earth dopant in a host medium. Ions of the rare earth dopant has an energy level structure including a ground level and a pair of laser upper level and laser lower levels between which a stimulated transition is to be produced after production of a population inversion between the pair of laser upper and laser lower levels. The pair of laser upper and laser lower levels being higher than the ground level. The first exciting light source is coupled to the input side of the glass fiber for introducing first exciting light to the glass fiber to produce the population inversion.

Abstract: An optical waveguide including a single-mode waveguide in which an induced radiation ray generated by exciting the ion propagates in a single-mode in both of a thickness direction and a width direction in the single-mode waveguide; and multi-mode waveguides disposed along both of side surfaces of the single-mode waveguide in which the ray propagates in a single-mode in a thickness direction of the multi-mode waveguide and propagates in a multi-mode in a width direction. In accordance with the present invention, the exciting ray is easily absorbed because the ray propagates to cross the single-mode waveguide without a skew-mode propagation, and the laser and the photo-amplifier which can obtain a higher output in the single-mode is provided.

Abstract: In a quasi-three-level solid-state laser that is excited by a semiconductor laser, a temperature-controlling apparatus is used to operate the crystal temperature that enables optimum laser operation in terms of both efficiency and output, based on the effect that cooling the crystal has on reducing the efficiency of absorption of power from the semiconductor excitation laser and the effect that cooling the crystal has on lowering the oscillation threshold value.

Abstract: A T die for extruding a low viscosity resin film coating especially in the manufacture of adhesive tapes. Uniform extrusion from the die is accomplished by the flow of melted resin from a supply manifold through a large number of narrow passageways into a smaller pressure equalizing manifold and out of a die slit extending the entire width of the die, the width of the die slit being adjustable in order to regulate the unevenness of the yield product.

Abstract: Disclosed is an improved method of producing corrugated cardboards, in which water suspension of raw starch is used as an adhesive. The raw starch is, after application thereof, heated to form gell or paste with dry steam prepared by reheating low-pressure steam with high-pressure steam. Also, disclosed is an apparatus for practicing the improved method.

Abstract: The present invention is concerned with a method and apparatus which blend components of a thermoplastic resin composition in an extruder having a cylindrical body, a screw, and a heating means, wherein the cylindrical body has a large bore part, a tapered part, and a small bore part, and the screw has a large diameter flight, a tapered flight, and a small diameter flight which is fitted within the cylindrical body. The tapered flight has free pass recesses, if desirable, and the roughness of the inner surface of the cylindrical body and/or roughness of the outer surface of the flight of screw are decreased as one proceeds in the direction from the small bore part to the outlet.

Abstract: A plastics extrusion-injection molding machine comprising a screw cylinder formed with supply, compression and melting portions having boosting means formed in the supply portion to allow plastic material passing therein to fully occupy the supply section and boost the discharge pressure of the plastic material to a predetermined level high enough to permit injection molding. The machine also includes back-flow means formed in the screw member at the melting portion to allow plastic material to escape backwardly and prevent abnormally high pressure from building up in the machine.

Abstract: Improvement of a melting extruder in which a material is moved by the screw by providing a communicating path which permits reverse flow of the material in the passage throttle part in which the material is compressed.