Abstract: A transmitter (2) modulates information to be transmitted with an alternating-current signal having a predetermined frequency and includes a variable reactance section (16) which produces resonance with a stray capacitance (18) between a circuit ground (17) in the transmitter (2) and an earth ground (20) which strays from the earth ground (20) and a stray capacitance (19) between the human body (3) and the earth ground (20).

Abstract: When a human hand (100) holds a transceiver (3a), the hand holds a bottom of an external wall surface and a side of the external wall surface of an insulating case (33). Therefore, a transmitting and receiving electrode (105) and an insulating film (107) cover not only the bottom of the external wall surface but also the side of the external wall surface of the insulating case (33). A first ground electrode (131), a second ground electrode (161), and a third ground electrode (163) are attached to upper portions of the internal wall surface of the insulating case (33) apart from the transmitting and receiving electrode (105). An insulating foam member (7a) is interposed between the insulating case (33) and a transceiver main body (30), and an insulating foam member (7b) is interposed between the transceiver main body (30) and a battery (6).

Abstract: The button apparatus is an apparatus provided for, for example, a vending machine and to be touched and pressed with the body of a user who wants to purchase a commodity from the vending machine. By pressing down the button apparatus, the user can purchase a required commodity from the vending machine. The button apparatus has a conductive pusher, an insulator, a switch, and a transceiver. A user wearing a wearable computer and a user's transceiver touches and presses down the pusher, to separately establish communication between the transceiver and the user's transceiver through the conductive pusher and the body of the user, as well as communication of providing a press signal.

Abstract: There is provided a transmission means (3) configured to transmit a modulated signal obtained by modulating data, a transmission electrode (8) that induces an electric field based on the modulated signal in an electric field transmission medium (20), a first reactance means (2) that is provided between the electric field transmission medium (20) and an earth ground (14) and configured to cause resonance with parasitic capacitance produced between a ground (6) the transmission means (3) and the earth ground (14), parasitic capacitance produced between the electric field transmission medium (20) and the ground (6) of the transmission means (3) and parasitic capacitance produced between the electric field transmission medium (20) and the earth ground (14), and a second reactance means (1) provided between an output of the transmission means (3) and the ground (6) of the transmission means (3) or between the transmission electrode (8) and the ground (6) of the transmission means (3).

Abstract: The present invention relates to an electric field sensor including: a light source (1); an electro optic crystal (7) which is applied with an electric field based on a signal under test, in which a birefringent index changes according to the electric field, and which changes a polarization state of light incident from the light source according to the birefringent index and emits the light; and a detector (9, 17, 19, 21) that detects an electric signal according to the change of the polarization state of the light emitted from the electro optic crystal (7). Further, the electric field sensor includes: a signal electrode (11) for applying the electric field based on the signal under test to the electro optic crystal (7); a counter electrode (12) that forms a pair with the signal electrode (11); and an auxiliary electrode (61) that is electrically connected to the counter electrode (12), and that forms a capacitance with ground.

Abstract: A transceiver for inducing electric fields according to data to be transmitted in an electric field propagating medium, and carrying out at least data transmission by using induced electric fields, is formed by a transmission unit configured to modulate the data to be transmitted by generating alternating current signals having a prescribed frequency, and transmit modulated signals obtained by modulating the data to be transmitted, and a resonance causing unit configured to cause a series resonance with a parasitic capacitance appearing between a ground for the transmission unit and an Earth ground and a parasitic capacitance appearing between the electric field propagating medium and the Earth Ground.

Abstract: A reactance adjuster includes an electrode (123) inducing an electric-field in an electric-field transmittable medium (121), an adjusting signal generation section (13) outputting alternatingly a high level or a low level signal to a resonance section (7), an electric-field detection section (15) generating an electric signal based on the electric-field in the medium (121), a first electric-charge storing means (C1) storing electric-charge according to the electric signal when the section (13) outputs a high level signal, a second electric-charge storing means (C2) storing electric-charge according to the electric signal when the section (13) outputs a low level signal, a voltage comparator (10) outputting a predetermined signal based on a voltage difference between the storing means, a control section (19) outputting a constant voltage when the first and the second storing means (C1, C2) are storing electric-charge and a voltage based on a predetermined signal when the storing ends.

Abstract: When a human hand (100) holds a transceiver (3a), the hand holds a bottom of an external wall surface and a side of the external wall surface of an insulating case (33). Therefore, a transmitting and receiving electrode (105) and an insulating film (107) cover not only the bottom of the external wall surface but also the side of the external wall surface of the insulating case (33). A first ground electrode (131), a second ground electrode (161), and a third ground electrode (163) are attached to upper portions of the internal wall surface of the insulating case (33) apart from the transmitting and receiving electrode (105). An insulating foam member (7a) is interposed between the insulating case (33) and a transceiver main body (30), and an insulating foam member (7b) is interposed between the transceiver main body (30) and a battery (6).

Abstract: A transceiver for inducing electric fields according to data to be transmitted in an electric field propagating medium, and carrying out at least data transmission by using induced electric fields, is formed by a transmission unit configured to modulate the data to be transmitted by generating alternating current signals having a prescribed frequency, and transmit modulated signals obtained by modulating the data to be transmitted, and a resonance causing unit configured to cause a series resonance with a parasitic capacitance appearing between a ground for the transmission unit and an Earth ground and a parasitic capacitance appearing between the electric field propagating medium and the Earth Ground.

Abstract: The button apparatus is an apparatus provided for, for example, a vending machine and to be touched and pressed with the body of a user who wants to purchase a commodity from the vending machine. By pressing down the button apparatus, the user can purchase a required commodity from the vending machine. The button apparatus has a conductive pusher, an insulator, a switch, and a transceiver. A user wearing a wearable computer and a user's transceiver touches and presses down the pusher, to separately establish communication between the transceiver and the user's transceiver through the conductive pusher and the body of the user, as well as communication of providing a press signal.