Abstract: There is provided a solid-state imaging device including: a first substrate including a first semiconductor substrate and a first wiring layer, the first semiconductor substrate having a pixel unit with pixels; a second substrate including a second semiconductor substrate and a second wiring layer, the second semiconductor substrate having a circuit with a predetermined function; and a third substrate including a third semiconductor substrate and a third wiring layer, the third semiconductor substrate having a circuit with a predetermined function, the first, second, and third substrates being stacked in this order, the first substrate and the second substrate being bonded together with the first wiring layer and the second wiring layer opposed to each other, a first coupling structure on bonding surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate, and including an electrode junction structure with electrodes formed on the respective bonding surfaces in direct contact with each other.

Abstract: A solid-state imaging device including a first substrate on which a pixel unit is formed, and a first semiconductor substrate and a first multi-layered wiring layer are stacked, a second substrate on which a circuit having a predetermined function is formed, and a second semiconductor substrate and a second multi-layered wiring layer are stacked, and a third substrate on which a circuit having a predetermined function is formed, and a third semiconductor substrate and a third multi-layered wiring layer are stacked. The first substrate, the second substrate, and the third substrate are stacked in this order. A first coupling structure for electrically coupling a circuit of the first substrate and the circuit of the second substrate to each other does not include a coupling structure formed from the first substrate as a base over bonding surfaces of the first substrate and the second substrate.

Abstract: A machining device for scraping a workpiece is provided. The machining device includes: a drive unit for driving a scraper; a first detection unit for detecting the position of the scraper; a second detection unit for detecting the machining force of the scraper with respect to the workpiece; a first acquisition unit for acquiring information relating to displacement of the scraper; a second acquisition unit for acquiring information relating to the machining force of the scraper; and a control unit for driving the drive unit based on the information relating to the displacement of the scraper by the first acquisition unit and the information relating to the machining force of the scraper acquired by the second acquisition unit, so the displacement and the machining force of the scraper satisfy a prescribed relationship. A control device and a control method for the machining device are also provided.

Abstract: A contact-type displacement measuring apparatus includes a first movable body that reciprocates in a first linear direction; a driving unit that drives the first movable body; a second movable body that reciprocates in a second linear direction parallel to the first linear direction, in association with movement of the first movable body; a probe detachably arranged at a tip of the second movable body; a measuring force detecting unit that detects, at a rear end of the second movable body, a measuring force to an object when the probe is in contact with the object; a position detecting unit that detects, between the probe and the measuring force detecting unit, an amount of movement of the second movable body; and a control device that controls the amount of movement such that the measuring force is kept constant corresponding to an output of the measuring force detecting unit.

Abstract: A contact-type displacement measuring apparatus includes a first movable body that reciprocates in a first linear direction; a driving unit that drives the first movable body; a second movable body that reciprocates in a second linear direction parallel to the first linear direction, in association with movement of the first movable body; a probe detachably arranged at a tip of the second movable body; a measuring force detecting unit that detects, at a rear end of the second movable body, a measuring force to an object when the probe is in contact with the object; a position detecting unit that detects, between the probe and the measuring force detecting unit, an amount of movement of the second movable body; and a control device that controls the amount of movement such that the measuring force is kept constant corresponding to an output of the measuring force detecting unit.

Abstract: A method for driving an ink jet head is provided that achieves high-speed ejection of ink droplets without entailing satellite droplets. In driving the ink jet head to eject an ink droplet, first the driving voltage is lowered from its initial voltage value, then the driving voltage is rapidly raised to cause the meniscus to protrude outward, and the driving is stopped immediately after a main droplet is formed. In this condition, the driving voltage is lowered, thereby causing the meniscus to retreat and thus suppressing satellite ejection. Next, the driving voltage is raised to cause the meniscus to return to its initial position.

Abstract: In a method for driving an ink jet head in which at least a portion of a wall surface of an ink chamber is deformed by a piezoelectric actuator to eject ink, the voltage applied to the piezoelectric actuator is lowered from a voltage value in an initial condition, thereby causing the volume of the ink chamber to increase and thus causing ink to be drawn into the ink chamber, and then the applied voltage is rapidly raised up to a prescribed voltage value higher than the initial condition voltage value, thereby causing the volume of the ink chamber to decrease and thus causing ink to be ejected from the ink chamber. Next, after holding the prescribed voltage value for a prescribed length of time, the applied voltage is caused to drop from the prescribed voltage value down to the initial condition voltage value, thereby causing the volume of the ink chamber to increase.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to drop-on-demand ink jet heads. An exemplary form of an ink jet head of the present invention includes a plurality of elongated members formed of piezoelectric material, the elongated members being spaced apart from one another so as to define therebetween a plurality of elongated channels, alternating ones of which are adapted to be filled with ink so as to define ink channels. Electrodes are formed in the channels on opposing sides of the elongated members. A channel closing member is mounted to the elongated members to cover portions of the channels, the channel closing member having nozzle holes formed therein in alignment with at least some of the channels. The elongated members are polarized in at least one direction.

Abstract: In a printer, a sheet feeder includes a motor which is used for a plurality of mechanisms in common so as to make the printer lighter in weight and more compact in size. The sheet feeder can vary the feeding amount of the sheet in response to the printing operation. The sheet feeder also permits the manual operation of a sheet feed roller shaft by disconnecting power from a motor via a power switching mechanism. The power switching mechanism includes a clutch mechanism which has a gear for transmitting the power of the motor, and a clutch wheel. The clutch mechanism is used when feeding the sheet by the operation of the motor. The sheet feeding amount is varied by the operation of a partial gear which comes into contact selectively with a first or second feed cam. These feed cams have projections having different heights.

Abstract: The present invention provides an optical scanner including a horizontally arranged base plate, a light source unit rigidly mounted on the base plate and adapted to emit a beam of light, an optical scanning unit for scanning the light beam in a repetitive cycle and an optical system unit for conducting the scanning beam to a desired surface to be irradiated, the optical scanning unit including a unit base, a torsion bar rigidly supported on the unit base at the opposite ends, a rotor rigidly mounted on the twistable portion of the torsion bar and having a mirror for reflecting the light beam, an electromagnetic drive mechanism for applying a rotational drive force to the rotor and a unit-side mirror for further reflecting the reflected light from the mirror, the optical scanning unit being arranged such that the torsion bar is disposed parallel to the base plate, the light beam being scanned along a plane perpendicular to the base plate on the rotation of the rotor and the reflected beam being scanned along a