Abstract: A liquid food composition that can be conveniently ingested or given with a tube and contains reduced aggregates in the composition is provided. A liquid food composition that shows fluidity in the neutral region, but solidifies in the stomach environment is further provided. According to the production method of the present invention, generation of fine particles in the production process of a liquid food composition containing a divalent metal salt, a protein, and water-soluble dietary fibers is reduced. Therefore, emulsification stability of the composition is improved, clogging of aggregates in strainer disposed in the production line etc. are eliminated, and thus the composition can be efficiently produced.

Abstract: A liquid food composition that can be conveniently ingested or given by tube feeding, and can prevent gastroesophageal reflux disease, vomiting, esophagitis, pneumonia, asphyxiation, diarrhea, etc., and can increase feeling of fullness through improvement in the solidification ratio of the composition under the endogastric condition is provided. Since the liquid food composition of the present invention shows superior solidification ratio under the endogastric acidic condition, it can more effectively reduce the risks for developing gastroesophageal reflux disease, vomiting, esophagitis, pneumonia, asphyxiation, diarrhea, etc., and it does not require labor for separately adding a gelling agent etc. at the time of ingestion, and since it is liquid, it can be easily ingested by tube feeding.

Abstract: A liquid food composition that can be conveniently ingested or given with a tube and contains reduced aggregates in the composition is provided. A liquid food composition that shows fluidity in the neutral region, but solidifies in the stomach environment is further provided. According to the production method of the present invention, generation of fine particles in the production process of a liquid food composition containing a divalent metal salt, a protein, and water-soluble dietary fibers is reduced. Therefore, emulsification stability of the composition is improved, clogging of aggregates in strainer disposed in the production line etc. are eliminated, and thus the composition can be efficiently produced.

Abstract: A solid oxidized glutathione salt is produced by heating an oxidized glutathione at 30° C. or higher while the oxidized glutathione is brought into contact with an aqueous medium in the presence of a substance for providing a cation, to produce the salt of the oxidized glutathione and the cation as a solid, wherein the aqueous medium is composed of water and/or a water-soluble medium, and the cation is at least one selected from an ammonium cation, a calcium cation and a magnesium cation.

Abstract: A method for producing a composition containing fucoxanthin includes a first step of adding a water-soluble solvent containing 0 to 80% by weight of water to seaweed to obtain a seaweed component extract, and then adding water and/or a water-soluble solvent to the seaweed component extract in such a manner that the concentration of the water-soluble solvent is 20 to 45% by weight and also adding a diluent thereto to obtain a diluent-containing extract, and a second step of stirring the diluent-containing extract, and then collecting a substance aggregating into the diluent-containing extract as a composition containing fucoxanthin by separation.

Abstract: A method for producing a composition containing fucoxanthin includes a first step of adding a water-soluble solvent containing 0 to 80% by weight of water to seaweed to obtain a seaweed component extract, and then adding water and/or a water-soluble solvent to the seaweed component extract in such a manner that the concentration of the water-soluble solvent is 20 to 45% by weight and also adding a diluent thereto to obtain a diluent-containing extract, and a second step of stirring the diluent-containing extract, and then collecting a substance aggregating into the diluent-containing extract as a composition containing fucoxanthin by separation.

Abstract: The method for producing a surfactin or a salt thereof according to the present invention comprises the steps of adding an organic solvent containing a branched alkyl alcohol to a culture fluid containing the surfactin or the salt thereof, or to a solution obtained by removing an insoluble component from the culture fluid, and extracting the surfactin or the salt thereof with the organic solvent, wherein the surfactin or the salt thereof is represented by the formula (1): wherein * indicates an optically active center; X is an amino acid selected from leucine, isoleucine and valine; R is a C9-13 alkyl group or a C9-13 branched alkyl group; and M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an optionally-substituted amine or the like.

Abstract: A solid oxidized glutathione salt is produced by heating an oxidized glutathione at 30° C. or higher while the oxidized glutathione is brought into contact with an aqueous medium in the presence of a substance for providing a cation, to produce the salt of the oxidized glutathione and the cation as a solid, wherein the aqueous medium is composed of water and/or a water-soluble medium, and the cation is at least one selected from an ammonium cation, a calcium cation and a magnesium cation.

Abstract: The method for producing a surfactin or a salt thereof according to the present invention comprises the steps of adding an organic solvent containing a branched alkyl alcohol to a culture fluid containing the surfactin or the salt thereof, or to a solution obtained by removing an insoluble component from the culture fluid, and extracting the surfactin or the salt thereof with the organic solvent, wherein the surfactin or the salt thereof is represented by the formula (1): wherein * indicates an optically active center; X is an amino acid selected from leucine, isoleucine and valine; R is a C9-13 alkyl group or a C9-13 branched alkyl group; and M is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal, an optionally-substituted amine or the like.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl) cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl) cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-carbamoyl-tert-leucine, characterized in mixing tert-leucine with an isocyanic acid compound while a pH of the mixture is kept at not less than 8.0 and not more than 13.5, wherein an amount of the isocyanic acid compound is not less than 0.9 times by mole and not more than 1.1 times by mole relative to an amount of the tert-leucine. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to easily produce an N-carbamoyl-tert-leucine with high efficiency, while the generation of by-products such as a dipeptide-like compound and a urea compound is prevented.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?)]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?)]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for producing an N-carbamoyl-tert-leucine, characterized in mixing tert-leucine with an isocyanic acid compound while a pH of the mixture is kept at not less than 8.0 and not more than 13.5, wherein an amount of the isocyanic acid compound is not less than 0.9 times by mole and not more than 1.1 times by mole relative to an amount of the tert-leucine. According to the present invention, it becomes possible to easily produce an N-carbamoyl-tert-leucine with high efficiency, while the generation of by-products such as a dipeptide-like compound and a urea compound is prevented.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?)]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for stabilizing a carbodiimide derivative (1) which is a condensing agent useful for production of general synthetic chemical products. Also disclosed is a stabilized composition of the carbodiimide derivative. The method is characterized in that the carbodiimide derivative (1) is handled in an atmosphere wherein the concentration of molecular oxygen in the gas phase within a container is set at not more than 3% by volume and/or in the co-presence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of antioxidants, N-oxyl compounds, sulfur compounds, amines and Lewis acids.

Abstract: This invention relates to processes for the production of optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropylamine compounds and optically active 2-(disubstituted aryl)cyclopropane carboxamide compounds which are useful intermediates for the preparation of pharmaceutical agents, and in particular the compound [1S-(1?,2?,3?(1S*,2R*),5?)]-3-[7-[2-(3,4-difluorophenyl)-cyclopropyl]amino]-5-(propylthio)-3H-1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidin-3-yl)-5-(2-hydroxyethoxy)-cyclopentane-1,2-diol.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method capable of suppressing a decrease in optical purity due to the exposure to heat during distillation of an optically active epoxide to permit an optically active epoxide of high quality to be simply obtained on an industrial scale. In the method, an optically active epoxide is distilled in the presence of a base to suppress a decrease in optical purity.

Abstract: An optically active amino acid derivative is produced by N-protecting an optically active 3-haloalanine derivative followed by cyclization, or cyclizing this derivative followed by N-protection to thereby give an optically active N-protected-aziridine-2-carboxylic acid derivative which is protected by a benzenesulfonyl group substituted by nitro at the 2- and/or 4-positions and then treating this product with an organic metal reagent, or by N-protecting an optically active 3-haloalanine derivative to thereby give N-protected-aziridine-2-carboxylic acid which is protected by a benzenesulfonyl group substituted by nitro at the 2- and/or 4-positions and then treating this product with an organic metal reagent. According to this process, natural and unnatural optically active amino acids can be produced from inexpensive materials by using simple procedures.