Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display device capable of switching between a transparent state and a scattering state, reducing or preventing a decrease in transmittance in the transparent state, and reducing or preventing a decrease in luminance in the panel central portion in the scattering state. The liquid crystal display device includes, sequentially from its viewing surface side toward its back surface side: a first liquid crystal panel; a light source; and a second liquid crystal panel, the first liquid crystal panel including a polymer dispersed liquid crystal containing a polymer network and liquid crystal components, the light source being configured to irradiate a back surface side main surface of the first liquid crystal panel with light from an oblique direction.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a CPU which executes an input step of receiving an input of a measurement value of a target parameter at a first time, in which noise is superimposed on a true value of the target parameter, a calculation step of calculating a variation amount of the measurement value of the target parameter at the first time, based on a maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at a second time and calculating a maximum likelihood estimate of the variation amount, and an output step of outputting a value obtained by adding the maximum likelihood estimate of the variation amount to the maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at the second time, as a maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at the first time.

Abstract: A signal processing apparatus includes a CPU which executes an input step of receiving an input of a measurement value of a target parameter at a first time, in which noise is superimposed on a true value of the target parameter, a calculation step of calculating a variation amount of the measurement value of the target parameter at the first time, based on a maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at a second time and calculating a maximum likelihood estimate of the variation amount, and an output step of outputting a value obtained by adding the maximum likelihood estimate of the variation amount to the maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at the second time, as a maximum likelihood estimate of the target parameter at the first time.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric injecting molder and an injection velocity and injection pressure controlling method for an electric injecting molder, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible, in injection molding by an electric injection molder, to mold stable resin products having a minimized dispersion in the quality even if the operation environment varies. When an injection screw (23) disposed in an injection cylinder (22) is driven to move in forward and backward directions by an electric motor (29A) to inject resin material (3) in the injection cylinder (22) into a metal mold (1, 2) to fill the metal mold (1, 2), the electric motor (29A) is first velocity-controlled to fill the resin material (3) into the metal mold (1, 2), and, after the filling, the electric motor (29A) is pressure-controlled to replenish the resin material for shrinkage of the resin.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric injecting molder and an injection velocity and injection pressure controlling method for an electric injecting molder, and it is an object of the present invention to make it possible, in injection molding by an electric injection molder, to mold stable resin products having a minimized dispersion in the quality even if the operation environment varies. When an injection screw (23) disposed in an injection cylinder (22) is driven to move in forward and backward directions by an electric motor (29A) to inject resin material (3) in the injection cylinder (22) into a metal mold (1, 2) to fill the metal mold (1, 2), the electric motor (29A) is first velocity-controlled to fill the resin material (3) into the metal mold (1, 2), and, after the filling, the electric motor (29A) is pressure-controlled to replenish the resin material for shrinkage of the resin.