Abstract: A first aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 6.0 nm or more and 13 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. A second aspect of the present invention is carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber wherein the surface of a monofilament has a center line average roughness Ra of 18 nm or more and 27 nm or less, and the monofilament has a long diameter/short diameter ratio of 1.11 or more and 1.245 or less. The carbon fiber according to the first aspect is obtained by stabilizing and carbonizing under specific conditions the carbon fiber precursor acrylic fiber according to the second aspect.

Abstract: A photon counting device includes a plurality of pixels each including a photoelectric conversion element configured to convert input light to charge, and an amplifier configured to amplify the charge converted by the photoelectric conversion element and convert the charge to a voltage, an A/D converter configured to convert the voltages output from the amplifiers of the plurality of pixels to digital values; and a conversion unit configured to convert the digital value output from the A/D converter to the number of photons by referring to reference data, for each of the plurality of pixels, and the reference data is created based on a gain and an offset value for each of the plurality of pixels.

Abstract: A thermosensitive part sensing temperature; a temperature sensor for measurement provided in the unit and measuring temperature by contacting the unit with a body to be measured; a temperature detecting part detecting, from when the unit contacts the body, the time when the sensor senses a difference from an initial temperature of the sensor, and a measured temperature of the sensor at that time, and detecting, from when the difference is sensed, a time after a certain length of time and a measured temperature of the sensor at that time; an estimating part estimating, from the time when the difference is sensed and a time after a certain length of time, the time when the thermosensitive part contacts the body, and the measured temperature at that time; and a heat conduction analyzing part estimating the measured temperature based on output information from the temperature detecting part and the estimating part.

Abstract: A conductive polymer material which can achieve longer operating life by improving resistance stability at the time of performing continuous conduction, a method for producing the conductive polymer material, and an image forming device member are provided. A conductive polymer material containing a quaternary ammonium base incorporated in a main chain of a polymer material as an electrolyte cation, and an alkyl sulfate radical as an electrolyte anion.

Abstract: A conductive polymer material which can achieve longer operating life by improving resistance stability at the time of performing continuous conduction, a method for producing the conductive polymer material, and an image forming device member are provided. A conductive polymer material containing a quaternary ammonium base incorporated in a main chain of a polymer material as an electrolyte cation, and an alkyl sulfate radical as an electrolyte anion.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester, a polyester composition and a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition capable of obtaining a pressure-sensitive adhesive which is global-environmentally friendly and is excellent in pressure-sensitive adhesion properties, using a plant-derived raw material; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet which can be obtained by using the same. A polyester of the present invention is a polyester comprising at least a lactic acid unit, a dibasic acid unit and a glycol unit, wherein the dibasic acid unit contains dimer acid, and the polyester has a glass transition temperature as measured at a temperature rising rate of 20° C./minute using a differential scanning calorimeter, of ?70 to ?20° C., a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 300,000 and a hydroxyl value of 1 to 100 mgKOH/g.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease in which Rho kinase is involved. The method is carried out by administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein the ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or alkyl or together form a cycloalkene ring; R3 is hydrogen, substituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, carboxyl or an ester or an amide thereof, amino or a cyano; R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkenyloxy, unsubstituted cycloalkyloxy substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, unsubstituted cycloalkyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino, nitro, cyano or a monocyclic heterocycle; and R5 is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A therapeutic composition for treating glaucoma or for reducing intraocular pressure containing a combination of pharmaceutically effective amounts of drugs including (i) a Rho kinase inhibitor selected from the group consisting of (R)-(+)-N-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzamide and 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-homopiperazine, or a salt thereof and (ii) a prostaglandin which is latanoprost or a salt of latanoprost, and (iii) optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A therapeutic composition for treating glaucoma or for reducing intraocular pressure containing a combination of pharmaceutically effective amounts of drugs comprising (i) a Rho kinase which is (R)-(+)-N-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzamide or a slat thereof and (ii) a prostaglandin which is isopropyl unoprostone or a salt thereof, and (iii) optionally a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

Abstract: A therapeutic agent for glaucoma including a combination of pharmaceutically effective amounts of a Rho kinase inhibitor and a ?-blocker, wherein the Rho kinase inhibitor is (R)-(+)-N-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzamide and the ?-blocker is befunolol, carteolol, nipradilol, betaxolol, levobunolol or metipranolol. A method of treating glaucoma including administering effective amounts of a Rho kinase inhibitor and a ?-blocker to a patient, wherein the Rho kinase inhibitor is (R)-(+)-N-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-4-(1-aminoethyl)benzamide and the ?-blocker is befunolol, carteolol, nipradilol, betaxolol, levobunolol or metipranolol.

Abstract: A subject of the present invention is to find utility of a combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor having a novel action and a ?-blocker as a therapeutic agent for glaucoma. Actions of reducing intraocular pressure are complemented and/or enhanced each other by combining the Rho kinase inhibitor with the ?-blocker. For the administration mode, each drug can be administered in combination or in mixture.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyester, a polyester composition and a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition capable of obtaining a pressure-sensitive adhesive which is global-environmentally friendly and is excellent in pressure-sensitive adhesion properties, using a plant-derived raw material; and a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer and a pressure-sensitive adhesive sheet which can be obtained by using the same. A polyester of the present invention is a polyester comprising at least a lactic acid unit, a dibasic acid unit and a glycol unit, wherein the dibasic acid unit contains dimer acid, and the polyester has a glass transition temperature as measured at a temperature rising rate of 20° C./minute using a differential scanning calorimeter, of ?70 to ?20° C., a weight average molecular weight of 20,000 to 300,000 and a hydroxyl value of 1 to 100 mgKOH/g.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease in which Rho kinase is involved. The method is carried out by administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein the ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or alkyl or together form a cycloalkene ring; R3 is hydrogen, substituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, carboxyl or an ester or an amide thereof, amino or a cyano; R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkenyloxy, unsubstituted cycloalkyloxy substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, unsubstituted cycloalkyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino, nitro, cyano or a monocyclic heterocycle; and R5 is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease in which Rho kinase is involved. The method is carried out by administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein the ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or alkyl or together form a cycloalkene ring; R3 is hydrogen, substituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, carboxyl or an ester or an amide thereof, amino or a cyano; R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkenyloxy, unsubstituted cycloalkyloxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, unsubstituted cycloalkyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino, nitro, cyano or a monocyclic heterocycle; and R5 is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: A combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor and a prostaglandin as a therapeutic agent for treating glaucoma. The actions of reducing intraocular pressure are complemented and/or enhanced by combining a Rho kinase inhibitor with a prostaglandin. Each of the Rho kinase inhibitor and the prostaglandin can be administered in combination or in a mixture.

Abstract: A method for treating glaucoma comprising administering to a patient pharmaceutically effective amounts of a Rho kinase inhibitor and a prostaglandin.

Abstract: A method for treating a disease in which Rho kinase is involved. The method is carried out by administering to a patient in need thereof a pharmaceutically effective amount of a compound of the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: , wherein the ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are hydrogen or alkyl or together form a cycloalkene ring; R3 is hydrogen, substituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, carboxyl or an ester or an amide thereof, amino or a cyano; R4 is hydrogen, hydroxyl, substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy, unsubstituted alkenyloxy, unsubstituted cycloalkyloxy, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, unsubstituted alkenyl, unsubstituted cycloalkyl, amino, substituted or unsubstituted alkylamino, nitro, cyano or a monocyclic heterocycle; and R5 is a halogen atom or a hydrogen atom.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to create a novel indazole derivative useful as a drug and to find a novel pharmacological action of the derivative. The compound of the present invention is represented by the formula [I] and has an excellent Rho kinase inhibiting action. In the formula, a ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are H or alkyl; R3 and R4 are halogen, H, OH, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, aryloxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, carboxy, hydrocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, etc.; and R5 is halogen atom, H, OH, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkyl or aryl. Each group can be substituted.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to create a novel indazole derivative useful as a drug and to find a novel pharmacological action of the derivative. The compound of the present invention is represented by the formula [I] and has an excellent Rho kinase inhibiting action. In the formula, a ring X is a benzene ring or a pyridine ring; R1 and R2 are H or alkyl; R3 and R4 are halogen, H, OH, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, alkynyloxy, cycloalkyloxy, cycloalkenyloxy, aryloxy, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, aryl, carboxy, hydrocarbonyl, alkylcarbonyl, etc.; and R5 is halogen atom, H, OH, alkoxy, aryloxy, alkyl or aryl. Each group can be substituted.

Abstract: A subject of the present invention is to find utility of a combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor having a novel action and a ?-blocker as a therapeutic agent for glaucoma. Actions of reducing intraocular pressure are complemented and/or enhanced each other by combining the Rho kinase inhibitor with the ?-blocker. For the administration mode, each drug can be administered in combination or in mixture.

Abstract: A subject of the present invention is to find utility of a combination of a Rho kinase inhibitor and prostaglandins as a therapeutic agent for glaucoma. Actions of reducing intraocular pressure are complemented and/or enhanced each other by combining the Rho kinase inhibitor with prostaglandins. For the administration mode, each drug can be administered in combination or in mixture.