Abstract: An image reduction system which reduces binary level images is disclosed. In the system, a reduction pixel value is determined by using, as reference pixels for a filter operation: a plurality of surrounding pixels including an object pixel to be reduced; and reduced pixels, from among pixels which have already been reduced, said reduced pixels being at least a reduced pixel located before the pixel to be determined: a reduced pixel, located on the preceding line, which lies directly above the pixel to be determined; and a reduced pixel before said reduced pixel located on the preceding line.When a pixel referenced during the filter operation is included in a specific pattern, an exception process for correcting binary level results is provided.

Abstract: An image information coding apparatus includes a cut-out or extracting unit for cutting out image information into blocks each having a predetermined size, e.g., 4.times.4 pixels, a preprocessing unit such as an orthogonal transformation unit (e.g., a Hadamard transformation unit) and a scalar quantization unit for performing predetermined preprocessing of the block as a matrix, a separator for separating a plurality of components (e.g., phase information, amplitude information, and zero information) from each element of the preprocessed matrix, information quantizers for coding individual pieces of information constituted by each component, and a synthesizer for synthesizing coding results.

Abstract: An image reducing apparatus for obtaining a reduced image from an image of an original size has: a filter to execute a filtering process to the image of the original size every image block of a predetermined size; a discriminating circuit to discriminate a structure of the image block filter processed by the filter; a correcting circuit to correct an output of the filter in accordance with the discriminated structure; and a binarization unit to binarize the output of the filter. By executing the reduction suitable for the image content in consideration of the peripheral images of the object pixel to be reduced and the peripheral reduced images, a reduced image can be obtained without extinguishing the content of the image of the original size, and especially, without fading or losing the thin lines in the reduced image.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are --COOR.sup.4, --COOR.sup.5, and --COOR.sup.6, respectively; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 each is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or alkali metal; W is hydroxyl; X, Y, and Z each is hydrogen or hydroxyl; a dotted line indicates the presence or absence of a single bond; or where W/R.sup.3, X/R.sup.1, and/or Z/R.sup.3 may be combined together, a lactone is formed, which compound is useful as a phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitor. Process for the production of the compound (I) and a cell culture of a microorganism Circinotrichum falcatisporum RF-641 producing the same are also provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed an image recording apparatus having reader for photoelectrically reading an original and generating image information, a first transmitter for transmitting the image information from said reader, after compressing treatment, to an outside apparatus, a second transmitter for transmitting the image information from said reader without compressing treatment to an outside apparatus, and a selecter for selecting either said first or second transmitter according to the destination of said image information.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2, and R.sup.3 are --COOR.sup.4, --COOR.sup.5, and --COOR.sup.6, respectively; R.sup.4, R.sup.5, and R.sup.6 each is hydrogen, lower alkyl, or alkali metal; W is hydroxyl; X, Y, and Z each is hydrogen or hydroxyl; a dotted line indicates the presence or absence of a single bond; or where W/R.sup.3, X/R.sup.1, and/or Z/R.sup.3 may be combined together, a lactone is formed, which compound is useful as a phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitor. Process for the production of the compound (I) and a cell culture of a microorganism Circinotrichum falcatisporum RF-641 producing the same are also provided.

Abstract: There is disclosed an image encoding system in which a size of an image to be encoded is inputted, reference pixel positions or the number of reference pixels are determined in accordance with an input image size, and a noticed pixel is encoded by using reference pixels of the determined pixel positions or the determined member.

Abstract: A color image reading apparatus having a color sensor with plural sensor groups, the color sensor for separating an objective image into plural color components and for converting the plural color components into plural color component signals, and a shading corrector for performing shading correction for the plural color component signals. The shading corrector causes the plural sensor groups to substantially simultaneously read a reference plate and automatically corrects a shading correction state for each of the plural color component signals in accordance with data obtained from the plural sensor groups.

Abstract: A compound of the formula (I): ##STR1## wherein R is: (CH.sub.2).sub.8 CH.sub.3,(CH.sub.2).sub.3 CH.sup.(cis) CH(CH.sub.2).sub.5 CH.sub.3,(CH.sub.2).sub.10 CH.sub.3, or(CH.sub.2).sub.4 CH.sup.(cis) CH(CH.sub.2).sub.6 CH.sub.3.or salt thereof, and a microorganism producing the compound are provided.

Abstract: A compound of the formula: ##STR1## wherein the wave line means .alpha.-bond or .beta.-bond, which compound is useful as a phospholipase A.sub.2 inhibitor. Process for the production of the compound, pharmaceutical composition containing the compound, and a cell culture of a microorganism Thielavia terricola RF-143 producing the compound are also provided.

Abstract: An image processing system of the invention has a reader which reads out an image of an original, a page memory which stores image information of the original in the form of electric signals, a disk memory which stores part or all of the image information in the disk memory and also stores image processing information, an image processing section, a digitizer for the operator to input the image processing information, a CRT which displays input information or corrections in conversation language, a DMA controller, and a printer. The image processing system of the invention is capable of DMA transfer without the intermediacy of a CPU. Fewer addresses are required for readout of the image information from the memory, and high speed image processing is achieved.

Abstract: An image reading apparatus has a CCD sensor, a white standard plate of a uniform density, a shading data memory, an analog/log converter or a digital/log converter, and a shading correction circuit. Shading correction can be performed with a simple circuit and requiring only a small-capacity memory.

Abstract: A halftone image recording apparatus includes means for recording an image on a recording medium, inputting an image signal representative of an image which includes a plurality of density levels, generating a plurality of pulsed periodic signals having different widths of one period of the image signal, selecting at least one periodic signal with a preselected pulse width among a plurality of the periodic signals, combining the selected periodic signal with the image signal, and applying the combined signal to the recording means.

Abstract: The compounds of the formula: ##STR1## wherein R is ##STR2## or H, wherein X is NH.sub.2 and Y is CH.sub.3 ; or X is OH and Y is H, and their pharmaceutically acceptable salts. The compounds have a potent activity against gram-positive bacteria, especially, methicillin-resistant bacteria.

Abstract: A diving pool allowing scuba diving to be easily and safely enjoyed, which comprises a pool bottom progressively becoming deeper from its periphery towards its center, a tower constructed on the pool bottom at a central deepest area and rising to a level above the pool surface, an artificial island formed at a level of the pool surface around the tower, and a deck above the level of the pool surface around the tower; wherein the diving pool can be further equipped, if desired, with a water stream generator adapted to generate a water stream and a wave generator adapted to generate waves in the pool.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus has a first image forming unit for image reproduction from an original image and a second image forming unit for image reproduction from image signals for achieving easier interruption imaging and complicated image processing. Four modes are selectable, a normal mode, an analog mode, a digital mode and an overlay mode. An image forming apparatus is provided wherein an original image is converted into an electrostatic charge which is maintained. A first electrostatic latent image is formed on a recording medium according to the maintained charge. A second electrostatic latent image is formed on the recording medium according to an input image signal. In response to a demand for the second latent image, formation of the first latent image is interrupted and restarted after formation of the second latent image.

Abstract: An image processing system of the invention has a reader which reads out an image of an original, a page memory which stores image information of the original in the form of electric signals, a disk memory which stores part or all of the image information in the disk memory and also stores image processing information, an image processing section, a digitizer for the operator to input the image processing information, a CRT which displays input information or corrections in conversation language, a DMA controller, and a printer. The image processing system of the invention is capable of DNA transfer without the intermediacy of a CPU. Fewer addresses are required for readout of the image information from the memory, and high speed image processing is achieved.

Abstract: An image data conversion system has a RAM for storing a data conversion table, a CPU for calculating the data conversion table by parameters received from a ROM, input devices for supplying new parameters when the table content must be changed, and data selectors. Desired image data conversion, such as gamma correction, masking, etc., can be performed, and conversion characteristics can be easily confirmed.

Abstract: A structure is provided for indoor skiing on artificially made snow. The structure is thermally insulated and contains one or more support towers about which serpentine configured ski ramps are secured to provide relatively long ski run descents for relatively little lateral travel. For snow-making purposes, a small portion of the ski ramp is enclosed with a thermally insulated cubical module having a top and four sides but no floor. The module is track-mounted and self-propelled for movement along the ski ramp and means are provided to reduce the temperature within the module to snow-making temperature. Self-propelled snow-making machines are placed within the module to move down the ski ramp at the same rate of speed as the module. Skiing conditions encountered on outdoor ski slopes are simulated on the indoor ski ramps.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus receives color data and includes a masking processing circuit for modifying the colors represented by the color data by processing each of the different color data received. The colors are modified according to other color data associated with each of the colors represented by the color data. The masking processing circuit includes a first memory for storing data representing each color and a second memory for storing data from the data derived after masking processing the data stored in the first memory. The color data and the other color data are used as addresses in the first and second memory. The number of bits of each color data used as an address for each respective color is larger than the number of bits for each of the other color data received at that portion of the memory.