Abstract: A catheter including one or more bidirectional valves is provided. The catheter includes a tubular body having proximal and distal ends, and inner and outer surfaces, and at least one valve formed near the distal end of the tubular body. The valve includes a deformation portion that defines a slit that is openable and closable. The openable/closable slit communicates from the inner surface to the outer surface of the tubular body, wherein the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular body progressively becomes thinner approaching the openable/closable slit within the deformation portion.

Abstract: A catheter including one or more bidirectional valves is provided. The catheter includes a tubular body having proximal and distal ends, and inner and outer surfaces, and at least one valve formed near the distal end of the tubular body. The valve includes a deformation portion that defines a slit that is openable and closable. The openable/closable slit communicates from the inner surface to the outer surface of the tubular body, wherein the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular body progressively becomes thinner approaching the openable/closable slit within the deformation portion.

Abstract: A valved catheter is provided which includes a slit that opens readily in both directions either when a fluid is caused to flow from the interior to the exterior thereof or when a fluid is caused to flow from the exterior to the interior thereof, and that prevents inadvertent closure thereof from the opened state. The valve includes an openable slit that penetrates from the inner surface to the outer surface of a distal end section of a valved catheter with a closed distal end, and edge portions on the two sides of the slit are formed along the direction in which the valved catheter extends. The slit includes a linear shape in the cross-section of the distal end section of the valved catheter that extends in a position away from a center line “c” that passes through the center of the valved catheter in parallel with this center line “c” whereupon, either one of the edge portions deforms more readily than either one of the other edge portions.

Abstract: A valved catheter is provided which includes a slit that opens readily in both directions either when a fluid is caused to flow from the interior to the exterior thereof or when a fluid is caused to flow from the exterior to the interior thereof, and that prevents inadvertent closure thereof from the opened state. The valve includes an openable slit that penetrates from the inner surface to the outer surface of a distal end section of a valved catheter with a closed distal end, and edge portions on the two sides of the slit are formed along the direction in which the valved catheter extends. The slit includes a linear shape in the cross-section of the distal end section of the valved catheter that extends in a position away from a center line “c” that passes through the center of the valved catheter in parallel with this center line “c” whereupon, either one of the edge portions deforms more readily than either one of the other edge portions.

Abstract: A catheter including one or more bidirectional valves is provided. The catheter includes a tubular body having proximal and distal ends, and inner and outer surfaces, and at least one valve formed near the distal end of the tubular body. The valve includes a deformation portion that defines a slit that is openable and closable. The openable/closable slit communicates from the inner surface to the outer surface of the tubular body, wherein the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular body progressively becomes thinner approaching the openable/closable slit within the deformation portion.

Abstract: A valved catheter is provided which includes a slit that opens readily in both directions either when a fluid is caused to flow from the interior to the exterior thereof or when a fluid is caused to flow from the exterior to the interior thereof, and that prevents inadvertent closure thereof from the opened state. The valve includes an openable slit that penetrates from the inner surface to the outer surface of a distal end section of a valved catheter with a closed distal end, and edge portions on the two sides of the slit are formed along the direction in which the valved catheter extends. The slit includes a linear shape in the cross-section of the distal end section of the valved catheter that extends in a position away from a center line “c” that passes through the center of the valved catheter in parallel with this center line “c” whereupon, either one of the edge portions deforms more readily than either one of the other edge portions.

Abstract: A radiofrequency electric current ablation catheter comprising a tip electrode, a means for detecting temperature of the tip electrode, a catheter shaft and a portion for operation at proximal end, wherein the tip electrode has a shape formed by connecting three or more spherical or approximately spherical surfaces having centers on the same straight line to each other with a curved surface. The catheter has the tip electrode which has a small diameter, is brought into excellent contact with organisms, can provide a great output power and is easily cooled with the circulating blood stream.

Abstract: A catheter including one or more bidirectional valves is provided. The catheter includes a tubular body having proximal and distal ends, and inner and outer surfaces, and at least one valve formed near the distal end of the tubular body. The valve includes a deformation portion that defines a slit that is openable and closable. The openable/closable slit communicates from the inner surface to the outer surface of the tubular body, wherein the distance between the inner surface and the outer surface of the tubular body progressively becomes thinner approaching the openable/closable slit within the deformation portion.

Abstract: A radiofrequency electric current ablation catheter comprising a tip electrode, a means for detecting temperature of the tip electrode, a catheter shaft and a portion for operation at proximal end, wherein the tip electrode has a shape formed by connecting three or more spherical or approximately spherical surfaces having centers on the same straight line to each other with a curved surface. The catheter has the tip electrode which has a small diameter, is brought into excellent contact with organisms, can provide a great output power and is easily cooled with the circulating blood stream.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.

Abstract: The invention provides a hologram plate which is used with the double-focus replication process, and which is integrated with a spacer to impart marring resistance thereto, and is integrated with a light absorbing layer to allow zero-order light and first-order light to have substantially the same intensity. This hologram plate 42 comprises an array of collective element holograms for diffracting parallel light incident thereon at a specific wavelength and a specific incident angle in such a way that the light is converged onto a specific focal length position. The hologram plate 42 is a multilayer structure made up of a first transparent substrate 31, a hologram layer 32, an adhesive layer 33 and a second transparent substrate 41. The second transparent substrate 42 defines a surface in contact with a hologram photosensitive material 53 during hologram replication.