Abstract: A vari-focal fluidic lens is provided. The fluidic lens includes a frame, an first membrane, a second membrane, and an optical fluid. The frame defines an inner space of the fluidic lens including a driving portion and a lens portion that are connected to each other. The elastic membrane is attached to one side of the frame to cover at least the lens portion. The second membrane is attached to an opposite side of the frame to cover at least the driving portion and is deformable in response to temperature change to vary a volume of the inner space. Optical fluid is contained in the inner space.

Abstract: A data communication apparatus using a radio frequency and a data processing method thereof are provided. A first communication apparatus frequency shift keying and phase shift keying modulates and transmits data from a service server to a radio frequency band. A second communication apparatus modulates, demodulates, and outputs the data. The data communication apparatus using a radio frequency, includes: a data modulation module frequency shift keying and phase shift keying modulates data to a radio frequency band to generate a modulated data signal; and a data transmission module transmitting the modulated data to another communication apparatus.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus for removing ringing noise and an apparatus for removing noise. The apparatuses includes a representative value setting block dividing pixel data in one block including a plurality of pixel data into two groups through a K-means algorithm and setting a representative value in each of the groups; a parameter generator block calculating intervals and approaches between all the pixel data in the block and a pair of the representative values; and a correction block correcting an inputted pixel data value using the intervals and the approaches.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for removing color noise including: a color interpolation unit performing color interpolation on a bayer pattern image output from an image sensor; a high-pass filter unit performing high-pass filtering on each of the pixels of the bayer pattern image to generate high-pass filtered values of each of the pixels; a high frequency region determining unit comparing pixel values of a target pixel, from which color noise is removed, and pixels adjacent to the target pixel with the high-pass filtered values to determine whether the target pixel is included in a high frequency region; and a color noise region determining unit using differences between color values of the target pixel interpolated by the color interpolation unit and determining whether the target pixel is included in a color noise region when it is determined that the target pixel is included in the high frequency region.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for improving the sharpness of an image. The apparatus includes an edge detector, an effective edge judging unit, an effective edge classifying unit, an isolated edge judging unit, and a 2-D HPF applying unit. The edge detector calculates an edge value using brightness relation with neighboring pixels with respect to each of pixels of an input image. The effective edge judging unit determines effective edge pixels. The effective edge classifying unit determines weak edge pixels and strong edge pixels. The isolated edge judging unit judges an isolated edge pixel included in an isolated edge. The 2-D HPF applying unit applies a first 2-D HPF to the weak edge pixels, and applies a second 2-D HPF to the strong edge pixels to generate edge strengthening values. The edge strengthening value applying unit adds the edge strengthening values to brightness values of the respective pixels of the input image.

Abstract: Provided is a terminal for providing a virtual reality linking service. The terminal providing a virtual reality linking service according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention includes: a user information inputting unit receiving user information; a receiving unit receiving a virtual reality linking service including a sensory effect for each object and a rendering result corresponding to the user information; a real object characteristic information generating unit generating real object characteristic information by extracting a sensitive characteristic stimulating senses of people from a real object which really exists around the user; an object motion information generating unit generating object motion information by recognizing a physical motion of the real object; and a transmitting unit providing the user information, the real object characteristic information, and the object motion information.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling gain of color signal includes an auto white balance algorithm applying unit determining a white estimation region from an input image, and calculating a first color signal gain for correcting an average color signal level of pixels of the white estimation region to white, a pixel determining unit determining a form of each pixel according to brightness and color using the color signal level of the each pixel of the input image, and a color signal gain determining unit determining a color signal gain to be applied to the each pixel according to the form of the each pixel of the input image as any one of the first color signal gain, a second color signal gain determined by the color signal level of the each pixel for correcting the each pixel to white and a unit gain.

Abstract: An auto-exposure control method includes: creating an exposure table and an analog gain table including an exposure time and an analog gain of an image sensor set according to an index, respectively; calculating an average luminance value of an image frame obtained by the image sensor; checking whether or not the average luminance value is within a pre-set range including a prescribed final target value; if the average luminance value is not within the pre-set range, determining a shift step from indexes which have been applied to a current image frame according to the difference between the average luminance value and the final target value in order to determine indexes of the exposure table and the analog gain table to be applied to a next image frame; and repeatedly performing of reading an exposure time and an analog gain corresponding to the indexes shifted by the shift step determined from the indexes applied to the current image frame, from the exposure table and the analog gain table, applying the sam

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling auto exposure (AE) that is used in digital imaging devices. The apparatus controlling the luminance of an image being outputted from an image sensor by controlling exposure time and analog gain of the image sensor includes: a luminance operation unit operating and outputting a mean luminance of the image outputted from the image sensor; a shutter index determination unit comparing a predetermined target luminance with the mean luminance of the outputted image and determining a shutter index in different manners according to the magnitude of the difference between the target luminance and the mean luminance of the outputted image; and an exposure time/analog gain determination unit generating exposure time and analog gain corresponding to the shutter index determined in the shutter index determination unit and applying the generated exposure time and analog gain to the image sensor.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus and a method for estimating edge areas of pixels in a digital image to thereby prevent an edge sharpening algorithm from being applied to non-edge area of the digital image. Therefore, the apparatus can accurately determine whether each pixel is in an edge area or in a non-edge area, by generating a binary mask obtained by using a luminance difference average between each pixel and each of neighboring pixels in the digital image. Moreover, the determination of an edge-area or a non-edge area may be applied to various digital images, by adjusting a level of edge-area determination.

Abstract: There is provided an apparatus for improving the sharpness of an image, which may prevent occurrence of distortion of an image in an edge enhancement process of the image by applying an active weight in accordance with a two-dimensional (2D) high pass filtering value of the image. The apparatus may include: a 2D high pass filter outputting a high frequency element value for the luminance values of pixels of an input image; a weight generating unit generating a weight changed depending on a magnitude of the high frequency element value; a weight applying unit applying the weight to the high frequency element value; and an edge enhancement image generating unit adding, to the luminance values of the pixels of the input image, the high frequency element value to which the weight is applied to thereby output an image of which an edge is enhanced.

Abstract: A liquid optical lens which changes a focus due to a change in a shape of a translucent elastic membrane according to a change in a fluid pressure of a lens chamber and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. The liquid optical lens forms a dampproof coating membrane on the translucent elastic membrane to prevent a fluid from permeating through the translucent elastic membrane and a swelling phenomenon of the translucent elastic membrane.

Abstract: There is provided a method of performing auto white balance including: setting a plurality of sections of a whole range of a value of each of Y, Cb, and Cr in the YCbCr color space, according to a size of each value; calculating an accumulated Y, Cb, and Cr value of pixels included in each of the plurality of sections; determining effective sections according to the number of the pixels included in each of the plurality of sections; calculating a mean Y, Cb, and Cr value of pixels included in all of the effective sections by using the accumulated Y, Cb, and Cr value of each of the effective sections; calculating a mean RGB value by converting the mean Y, Cb, and Cr value into an RGB color space; and determining an RGB color gain of a Bayer image outputted from an image sensor by using the mean RGB value.

Abstract: There are provided an apparatus for detecting coordinates, which may detect coordinates corresponding to an event occurring within a region of interest, and a display device, a security device, and an electronic blackboard, each including the same. The apparatus for detecting coordinates, which is provided in at least one side of a touch panel having a preset region of interest being surrounded by a frame having a predetermined length, the apparatus comprising: a light source body providing preset light; a scanner emitting the light provided from the light source body at a preset angle to scan the region of interest, and receiving light reflected by the region of interest; a photo diode receiving reflected light to convert the received reflected light to a voltage value; and a beam splitter transmitting the light provided from the light source body to the scanner via a first path, and transmitting, to the photo diode via a second path, the reflected light received from the scanner.

Abstract: The present invention features a steel-base sintering alloy having a high wear-resistance for a valve seat of an engine. In preferred embodiments, the steel-base sintering alloy may include a chief element of Ferrum (Fe); and a powder-alloy which are composed of Carbon (C) of 0.6˜1.2 wt %, Nickel (Ni) of 1.0˜3.0 wt %, Cobalt (Co) of 15.0˜25.0 wt %, Chrome (Cr) of 3.0˜9.0 wt %, Molybdenum (Mo) of 8.0˜15.0 wt %, Tungsten (W) of 1.0˜4.0 wt %, Manganese (Mn) of 0.5˜2.0 wt %, and Calcium (Ca) of 0.1˜0.5 wt %.

Abstract: A tunable capacitor using an electrowetting phenomenon includes a first electrode; a second electrode which is spaced apart from the first electrode and faces the first electrode; a fluidic channel which is disposed between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first insulating layer which is disposed between the first electrode and the fluidic channel; and a conductive fluid which is disposed in the fluidic channel and moves along the fluidic channel when a direct current (DC) potential difference occurs between the first and second electrodes. Accordingly, it is possible to fabricate the tunable capacitor with the simplified fabrication process, good reliability and durability, and no restriction on the tuning range.

Abstract: An apparatus for enhancing the visibility of color images includes: a luminance value cumulative distribution calculator that calculates a cumulative distribution function of the number of pixels from a minimum value of luminance values; a baseband signal determining unit that determines baseband signal pixels having luminance values smaller than a threshold level; a luminance compensation value generator that generates luminance compensation values to apply the lower-level luminance compensation values as the pixels have higher-level luminance values, for the pixels having the luminance values larger than the threshold level; a luminance gain generator that determines a luminance gain applied to the luminance compensation values according to a mean luminance values of the input images and the level of the luminance values of the pixels to which the luminance compensation values are applied; and a luminance value enhancing unit that summing the luminance compensation values including the gain with the luminan

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a light emitting device includes: forming a plurality of independent light emitting portions on a growth substrate; separating the light emitting portions from the growth substrate; mounting the light emitting portions onto a receiving substrate; and dicing the receiving substrate, onto which the light emitting portions are mounted, into a light emitting unit. Residual stress, which occurs when the light emitting portions are separated from the substrate, can be reduced, and the light emitting portions can be mounted onto the receiving substrate in a fluid state, whereby the light emitting device can be easily mass produced with excellent quality, and its manufacturing costs can be reduced.

Abstract: An insert module for a test handler includes an insert body and a support frame. The insert body has a receiving space for receiving a semiconductor device. The semiconductor device having connection pads protruding externally from a surface of the semiconductor device. The support frame is formed in an inner side portion of the insert body defining the receiving space to provide a seating surface for contacting and supporting the semiconductor device. The support frame includes a fixing frame and a guide pattern. The fixing frame is inserted into and fixed with the insert body and defines an opening that exposes the semiconductor device. The guide pattern extends from the fixing frame to the inside of the opening to contact the semiconductor device and guide the connection pads.

Abstract: Provided is a varifocal lens and method of manufacturing the varifocal lens. The varifocal lens includes a transparent substrate, a spacer frame arranged to form an inner space on the transparent substrate, wherein the inner space is to be filled with an optical fluid, a rigid frame disposed to be adjacent to the spacer frame, and an optical membrane and an actuator which are formed on a surface of the rigid frame. The rigid frame supports the actuator and the optical membrane, wherein the actuator applies a pressure to an optical fluid and the optical membrane is modified according to a flow of the optical fluid.