Abstract: In order to efficiently perform heating of a vehicle interior in a state in which the external temperature is low and heat generated by a heating element is not sufficient in an early stage of driving the vehicle, a heat pump system for a vehicle is provided. The heat pump system utilizes various heat sources in a general heating mode of the vehicle interior, and at the same time, maximizes the system performance by increasing flow of the refrigerant. The heat pump system may include: a compressor, a heating, ventilating, and air conditioning (HVAC) module; a heat-exchanger; a first expansion valve; a first connection line; a chiller; a second expansion valve; a second connection line; a third connection line; and a fourth connection line.

Abstract: A heat pump system for a vehicle is provided to efficiently perform heating of a vehicle interior in a state in which the external temperature is low and heat generated by a heating element is not sufficient in an early stage of driving the vehicle. The heat pump system may include: a compressor; a heat, ventilation, and air condition (HVAC) module; a heat-exchanger; a first expansion valve; an accumulator; a first connection line; a chiller; and a second expansion valve.

Abstract: An embodiment method for controlling a compressor of a vehicle includes selectively controlling an operation of the compressor by determining and comparing a discharge pressure of the compressor and a temperature of an inverter with predetermined values based on data detected in real time when the compressor is operated to cool or heat an interior of the vehicle and operating a protection mode to prevent thermal burnout of the inverter in response to a determination that the discharge pressure of the compressor is higher than an operation stop pressure.

Abstract: A thermoelectric element according to an embodiment comprises: a first substrate; a first electrode part disposed on the first substrate; a thermoelectric semiconductor disposed on the first electrode part; second electrode parts disposed on the thermoelectric semiconductor; and a second substrate disposed on the second electrode parts, wherein the second substrate comprises: a first surface; and a second surface opposite to the first surface, the second electrode parts are disposed on the first surface, a terminal electrode part formed by extending at least one of the second electrode parts is disposed on the second surface, and the second substrate is formed between the terminal electrode part and the second electrode parts.

Abstract: Provided are a ligand compound of Formula 1 having a novel structure, which shows high catalyst activity and high selectivity to 1-hexene and 1-octene, and may perform ethylene oligomerization with excellent efficiency, an organochromium compound, a catalyst composition comprising the organochromium compound and a method for oligomerizing ethylene using the same, wherein all the variables are as described herein.

Abstract: Proposed is a muscle strength-enhancing composition being capable of maintaining or strengthening muscles or preventing muscle-related diseases. More specifically, proposed is a food composition containing a composite extract as an active ingredient obtained by mixing Angelica keiskei and Morus alba L. at a weight ratio of 1:8 to 16 and extracting the resulting mixture with alcohol. The food composition promotes antioxidant activity (for example, DPPH scavenging activity and ABTS scavenging activity) and muscle function enhancement activity which suppresses muscle protein breakdown and promotes muscle building, whereby the food composition prevents muscle-related diseases by enabling muscles to be maintained or strengthened.

Abstract: An Ethernet cable includes: a pair of corers including an insulator covering a conductor, and twisted with each other; a shielding layer covering the pair of cores: a bedding layer filling an empty space between the shielding layer and the pair of cores; and an outer skin layer formed on an exterior of the shielding layer.

Abstract: A cooling apparatus may include an electric water pump to pump coolant, a coolant channel in fluid communication with a cooling target and the electric water pump, and a thermoelectric device including a higher-temperature part and a lower-temperature part. The thermoelectric device may cool the coolant flowing into the coolant channel. The cooling apparatus may include a first heat sink disposed adjacent to the higher-temperature part, a second heat sink disposed adjacent to the coolant channel, and a cooling fan provided adjacent to the first heat sink. The cooling apparatus may include an air duct forming a first fluid line where air passes through only the first heat sink and is then discharged by operation of the cooling fan and forming a second fluid line where air passes through the first heat sink and the second heat sink and is then discharged by the operation of the cooling fan.

Abstract: An apparatus for determining defective hair follicles includes an image acquiring unit for acquiring an image of a follicle and a hair for each follicle separated from a scalp of an alopecic patient in an incisional hair transplant or each follicle directly extracted from an alopecic patient in a non-incisional hair transplant, an image processing unit for extracting an outline pattern of the image of the follicle and the hair by performing a contour detection process or an edge detection process on the image, a follicle shape database for storing hair pixel patterns related to various shapes of hairs and follicle pixel patterns related to various shapes of follicles, and a follicle determining unit for determining whether a follicle is normal follicle or defective follicle by comparing the outline pattern of the image with the hair pixel patterns and follicle pixel patterns stored in the follicle shape database.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method are for determining a specification of an option-in-vehicle. The apparatus includes an input part that receives a vehicle identification number (VIN), a receiver that receives a message through a vehicle network, and a controller. The controller monitors reception of the message as the VIN is received and determines the specification of the option-in-vehicle based on the message.

Abstract: Disclosed is a chip bonding composition for a power semiconductor package, which, by comprising an epoxy resin including glycidyl amine-based epoxy resin and bisphenol A type epoxy resin, a glycidyl ether-based diluent, and a polysilsesquioxane (PSQ) resin, has high thermal conductivity and adhesion, high heat dissipation characteristics, and low modulus characteristics. The chip bonding composition according to the present invention comprises: silver powder; an epoxy resin; a curing agent; a catalyst; a glycidyl ether-based diluent; and a PSQ resin.

Abstract: A heat pump system for a vehicle includes a valve, an electrical component cooling device, a battery cooling device, an indoor heating device, an indoor cooling device, a centralized energy device, and a chiller to improve heating efficiency by regulating a temperature of a battery module by use of one chiller in which a cooler and a refrigerant exchange heat, recovers various heat sources in a heating mode of the vehicle and utilizes the recovered heat sources for indoor heating.

Abstract: A refrigerant circulating apparatus for a vehicle, includes at least one heat exchanger configured to heat-exchange a refrigerant; at least one valve provided to selectively flow the refrigerant to the at least one heat exchanger; and a refrigerant distribution unit having a first surface on which the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one valve are provided and a second surface on which at least one flow path through which the refrigerant circulates through the at least one heat exchanger and the at least one valve is provided.

Abstract: A ligand compound represented by the following Formula 1, which shows high catalyst activity and high selectivity to 1-hexene and 1-octene, and may perform ethylene oligomerization with excellent efficiency, an organochromium compound, a catalyst composition comprising the organochromium compound and a method for oligomerizing ethylene using the same, are described: wherein all the variables are described herein.

Abstract: The inventive concept provides a mask treatment apparatus. The mask treatment may include a support unit that supports the mask, and a light irradiation unit that irradiate the mask with a light to adjust a critical dimension of a pattern formed in the mask, wherein the light irradiation unit includes a light source that generates the light, and a light modulation element that modulates the light generated by the light source and forms an irradiation pattern.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to an anode for a lithium secondary battery and a lithium secondary battery including the same, wherein the anode includes a first anode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the anode current collector, wherein the first anode active material layer contains a mixture of natural graphite and artificial graphite as the anode active material and a first binder; a second anode active material layer formed on the first anode active material layer, wherein the second anode active material layer contains a mixture of artificial graphite and a silicon-based compound as the anode active material and a second binder; and wherein a weight ratio of the first binder and the second binder is 1 to 2:1.

Abstract: An anode for a lithium secondary battery includes a first anode active material layer formed on at least one surface of the anode current collector. The first anode active material layer contains a mixture of natural graphite and artificial graphite as the anode active material and a first binder. The second anode active material layer is formed on the first anode active material layer. The second anode active material layer contains a mixture of artificial graphite and a silicon-based compound as the anode active material and a second binder. The weight ratio of the first binder and the second binder is 1 to 2:1. A lithium secondary battery containing the anode is also provided.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system and a method of controlling a battery connection of an electric vehicle. The system for controlling a battery connection of an electric vehicle, the system including: a battery unit including a plurality of battery packs; a power relay assembly (PRA) for electrically connecting or disconnecting the battery unit and an inverter, and changing a connection structure of the plurality of battery packs to one of a battery unit serial mode and a battery unit parallel mode through a plurality of relays; and a controller for switching the connection structure to the battery unit serial mode through the PRA in response to a driver's request to increase motor output, and switches the connection structure to the battery unit parallel mode through the PRA in response to a driver's request to increase a cruising distance.

Abstract: Embodiments of the inventive concept provide a substrate treating apparatus and a substrate treating method for not letting an irradiation region of a laser deviate from a target region, even if a shaking angle of a chemical deviates from an allowable range due to a vibration or an airflow. The inventive concept provides a substrate treating apparatus. The substrate treating apparatus includes: a substrate support unit configured to support a substrate having a chemical coated thereon; a laser generation unit configured to irradiate a laser to the substrate; and a light-transmitter positioned along a path at which the laser is irradiated.

Abstract: A positive electrode additive for a lithium secondary battery can improve atmospheric stability. A method of manufacturing the same and a positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery includes the same. The positive electrode additive for a lithium secondary battery is used to manufacture the positive electrode for a lithium secondary battery and includes a lithium (Li)-based additive core and a coating layer of NbOXCy (0?x?2.5 and 0?y?1; where Nb=niobium, O=oxygen, C=carbon) formed on a surface of the additive core.