Abstract: The present invention relates to technology for monitoring a gas in a closed space, and more particularly, to a system for monitoring a gas in a closed space and an operating method of the system, which monitor a gas in a closed space and diagnose and correct an abnormality of a closed-space gas measurement apparatus.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a marine data collection apparatus, a maritime IoT device, and a marine data transmission method. The maritime IoT device includes a marine data collection unit for collecting marine data including at least one of ocean state information and service application data using one or more sensors, a phase information calculation unit for analyzing the collected marine data and then generating phase information and period information of waves, a communication schedule management unit for generating communication-scheduling information including communication-available time information, which indicates a time during which communication with a marine data collection apparatus is available, based on the phase information and the period information, and a communication unit for transmitting the marine data including at least one of the ocean state information and the service application data to the marine data collection apparatus during the communication-available time.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for bi-directional calling between an open system module and a mainframe system module, which is performed in a computing device including one or more processors and a main memory storing commands executable in the processors. The method may include: receiving, by a front-end interface, a calling for a mainframe function on the mainframe system module from the open system module program; requesting, by an entrance point processing unit of the front-end interface, information on the mainframe function to a program processing unit of a back-end interface; controlling, by the entrance point processing unit of the front-end interface, a register processing unit of the back-end interface to set a mainframe register value used in the mainframe system module; and transferring, by the front-end interface, a system control to the mainframe system module through a control transfer processing unit of the back-end interface so as to drive the mainframe function on the mainframe system module.

Abstract: Provided is a device for outputting an audio signal. The device includes: a vibrator configured to output the audio signal; a vibrator cover provided on the vibrator to transmit the output audio signal to a surface of an object mounted with the device; a sensor configured to measure a pressure between the surface of the object and the vibrator cover; a distance adjusting unit configured to adjust a distance between the surface of the object and the vibrator cover based on the pressure measured by the sensor to optimally output the audio signal; and a control unit configured to control the vibrator, the sensor, and the distance adjusting unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for bi-directional calling between an open system module and a mainframe system module, which is performed in a computing device including one or more processors and a main memory storing commands executable in the processors. The method may include: receiving, by a front-end interface, a calling for a mainframe function on the mainframe system module from the open system module program; requesting, by an entrance point processing unit of the front-end interface, information on the mainframe function to a program processing unit of a back-end interface; controlling, by the entrance point processing unit of the front-end interface, a register processing unit of the back-end interface to set a mainframe register value used in the mainframe system module; and transferring, by the front-end interface, a system control to the mainframe system module through a control transfer processing unit of the back-end interface so as to drive the mainframe function on the mainframe system module.

Abstract: A wearable device comprising: a band unit; and a vibration generating unit coupled to the band unit. The band unit comprises a communication unit receiving a first signal by a predetermined communication method and a control unit determining an amplification extent of the first signal received from the communication unit and generating a second signal based on the determined amplification extent, and the vibration generating unit receives the second signal from the control unit and generates a vibration corresponding to the second signal.

Abstract: A wearable device communicating with an external device by using a vibration signal applied to a body part of a user wearing the wearable device, and a method of operating the wearable device are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a speech signal is provided.

Abstract: Provided is a device for outputting an audio signal. The device includes: a vibrator configured to output the audio signal; a vibrator cover provided on the vibrator to transmit the output audio signal to a surface of an object mounted with the device; a sensor configured to measure a pressure between the surface of the object and the vibrator cover; a distance adjusting unit configured to adjust a distance between the surface of the object and the vibrator cover based on the pressure measured by the sensor to optimally output the audio signal; and a control unit configured to control the vibrator, the sensor, and the distance adjusting unit.

Abstract: A wearable device comprising: a band unit; and a vibration generating unit coupled to the band unit. The band unit comprises a communication unit receiving a first signal by a predetermined communication method and a control unit determining an amplification extent of the first signal received from the communication unit and generating a second signal based on the determined amplification extent, and the vibration generating unit receives the second signal from the control unit and generates a vibration corresponding to the second signal.

Abstract: A wearable device comprising: a band unit; and a vibration generating unit coupled to the band unit. The band unit comprises a communication unit receiving a first signal by a predetermined communication method and a control unit determining an amplification extent of the first signal received from the communication unit and generating a second signal based on the determined amplification extent, and the vibration generating unit receives the second signal from the control unit and generates a vibration corresponding to the second signal.

Abstract: A wearable device comprising: a band unit; and a vibration generating unit coupled to the band unit. The band unit comprises a communication unit receiving a first signal by a predetermined communication method and a control unit determining an amplification extent of the first signal received from the communication unit and generating a second signal based on the determined amplification extent, and the vibration generating unit receives the second signal from the control unit and generates a vibration corresponding to the second signal.

Abstract: A wearable device communicating with an external device by using a vibration signal applied to a body part of a user wearing the wearable device, and a method of operating the wearable device are provided.

Abstract: An apparatus for processing a speech signal is provided.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for preparing dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor intermediates. The present invention is able to reduce preparation costs by using low cost reagents on reaction and is able to be used in mass production by improving yield.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a method for the toxicity assessment of nano-materials, and more specifically, it is relates to an objective, reproducible and accurate assessment method for the unbiased toxicity testings of nano-materials, which minimize artifacts of the conventional methods for the toxicity assessment of the nano-materials by considering the dose characteristics of the nano-material itself using Selective multi-Plane Illumination Microcopy (SPIM); and the response characteristics of the nano-material using the improved or novel cellular responses assessment methods for nano-materials (e.g., modified MTT assay using image cytometric analysis, normal-inverted exposure apparatus, and modified flow cytometry), and a system and an apparatus thereof.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for preparing dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor and intermediate. The present invention is able to reduce preparation costs by using low cost reagents on reaction and is able to be used in mass production by improving yield.

Abstract: In a non-volatile memory system, a plurality of main memory cells for storing data is arranged in a data cell array and a plurality of reference memory cells is arranged in a reference cell array. The reference cell array includes first reference word lines connected to first reference memory cells and extending, second reference word lines connected to second reference memory cells and extending alternately with the first reference word lines, reference bit lines to which the first and the second reference memory cells are alternately connected in a line and a combined cell having a pair of the first and second reference memory cells and generating a reference signal for processing the data. The first and the second reference memory cells have different cell characteristics. The stability of the reference signal is improved irrespective of the differentiation of the first and the second reference memory cells.

Abstract: In a method of storing data in a nonvolatile memory device, a program operation is performed on target memory cells among a plurality of memory cells based on a program voltage. A verification operation is performed on the target memory cells based on a verification voltage to determine whether all of the target memory cells are completely programmed. The verification voltage is changed depending on the program operation.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an improved method for manufacturing dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitor and intermediate. The present invention allows reduction of production costs by reacting low cost reagents, improves yield and is adaptable for mass production.