Abstract: A CMOS image sensor has a function to compensate a photodetector pixel from a dark current by using a dark pixel. In the CMOS image sensor, the photodetector pixel includes a first reset transistor with a drain connected to a supply voltage and a photodetector diode connected between a source of the first reset transistor and a ground. The dark pixel includes a mirror transistor with a drain connected to the supply voltage and a gate and source connected to a gate of the first reset transistor and a dark photodiode shielded from external light. The dark photodiode is connected between the source of the mirror diode and the ground. The dark pixel provides a current having a magnitude equal with that of a dark current flowing through the dark photodiode to the photodetector diode. This delays the saturation rate of the CMOS image sensor pixel and enhances the dynamic range thereof.

Abstract: An LED package includes a substrate having an electrically conductive portion and an electrically non-conductive portion composed of an oxide of the conductive portion; an LED mounted on the conductive portion and electrically connected to the conductive portion; a first electrode disposed on the non-conductive portion and electrically connected to the LED by a wire; and a second electrode disposed on the substrate and electrically connected to the LED.

Abstract: The invention provides a unit pixel of a CMOS image sensor which compensates for a dark current generated in a photo diode to enhance its driving range. In the unit pixel, a photo diode generates a charge in accordance with a received light amount. A drive has a gate for receiving the charge in the photo diode to output as an electrical signal and a drain to which a power voltage is applied. Also, a saturation detector receives a gate voltage of the drive transistor and judges the drive transistor saturated if an output voltage is smaller than a preset reference voltage. In addition, a switch connects or disconnects between the power voltage and the gate of the drive transistor in response to the judgment of the saturation detector.

Abstract: An optical navigation sensor device and an image processing method using a 2-dimensional sequential image process are disclosed. A pre-processor stores digital voltage values of respective pixels of an image received from a pre-processor in a memory, performs a pre-process for the digital voltage values of respective pixels sequentially received from the memory, thereby producing a pre-processed current image, and extracts a pre-processed current central image from the pre-processed current image. A motion coordinate calculator stores the pre-processed current central image as X/Y-axis reference image candidates, determines replacement of X/Y-axis reference images for calculation of motion coordinate values of a next pre-processed image in accordance with X/Y-axis motions of the pre-processed current image, and compares the pre-processed current image with the X/Y-axis reference images, thereby calculating X/Y-axis motion coordinate values of the pre-processed current image.

Abstract: A light emitting diode (LED) array module includes a plurality of LEDs; and a substrate which mounts the LEDs and has a built-in cooling device for cooling heat generated when the LED is driven. The cooling device includes a heat radiation space formed on the substrate and a minute passage member which is wick- or mesh-structured to form a plurality of minute passages that operate by a heat pipe principle in the heat radiation space. The cooling device operating by the heat pipe principle is integrally formed on the substrate mounted with the LEDs, so heat radiation performance of the LEDs is enhanced, such that the LEDs can operate stably for a long time.

Abstract: In a CMOS image sensor of the invention, a dynamic range is varied at a per-pixel level by a light amount to prevent saturation without degrading color reproduction of an overall image. A photo diode generates charges in accordance with a received light amount. A drive transistor amplifies the charges generated in the photodiode at a given gain. Further, a saturation detector receives an output voltage from the drive transistor and judges the image sensor saturated if the output voltage is beyond a limited level. A switch switches on/off in response to the judgment of the saturation detector. Also, a plurality of floating diffusions store the charges of the photodiode transferred through the switch. The floating diffusions are selectively connected to both the photodiode and a gate of the drive transistor at on/off the switch.

Abstract: There is provided apparatus and methods for transferring semiconductor wafers, wherein some embodiments employ a guide body; a first transferring unit including a support reciprocatively slidibly connected to the guide body, and a central finger supported by the support; and a second transferring unit including a base; a driving unit disposed in the support; a ball screw rotated by the driving unit; a guide member connecting with the ball screw, wherein the guide member has an outer inclined surface; a lever in surface contact with the guide member to be rotated around its center by the inclined surface when the guide member moves; a plurality of slide members in contact with the lever and slidable on the guide shaft as the lever rotates; a plurality of connection members spaced from each other and engaging with the corresponding slide members; and driving fingers connected to the corresponding connection members.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plasma display panel and manufacturing method thereof to simplify the manufacturing steps and reduce cost of production. In the present invention, a black layer formed between a transparent electrode and a bus electrode is formed together with a black matrix at the same time. In this case, the black layer is formed together with the black matrix in one. Cheap nonconductive oxide is used as a black powder of a black layer. Specifically, in case the black layer and the black matrix are formed in one, the bus electrode is shifted to a non-discharge area to improve the brightness of the plasma display panel.

Abstract: A universal method of analyzing a string comprises an intermediate language conversion step of converting a first data file coded in a programming language into a second data file coded in a specific intermediate language; and an analysis processing step of extracting flow information related to execution sequence from strings contained in the second data file, performing a static analysis according to the flow information, and storing variable information at a certain or each point as analysis result data.

Abstract: Methods of treating and/or preventing disorders mediated by one or more of TNF-?, NF-?B, IKK-?, IKK-?, ATF-2 and p38 kinase by administration of praziquantel, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, prodrug, ester or amide thereof. These disorders include inflammatory disorders such as autoimmune diseases.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of processing data of an optical mouse. The method includes the steps of calculating a motion vector of the optical mouse through processing of digitally converted image pixel data in an Image Signal Processor (ISP) by sequentially overlapping a reference image of an n?1 th frame to a present image of an nth frame and determining a moving direction of the optical mouse using approximately equal parts in the reference and present images; and transmitting the calculated motion vector to a personal computer through an interface; wherein the ISP includes an X axis navigation engine for processing data on a reference image for the motion of an X axis direction among the processed image pixel data and a Y axis navigation engine for processing data on a reference image for the motion of a Y axis direction among the processed image pixel data.

Abstract: Provided is a method for generating a three-dimensional (3D) mesh based on unorganized sparse 3D points to generate a mesh model that displays a 3D surface by using unorganized sparse 3D points extracted from a plurality of two-dimensional image. The 3D mesh generating method based on unorganized sparse 3D points includes the steps of: receiving a plurality of unorganized sparse 3D points, a plurality of two-dimensional (2D) corresponding point information, and images; generating an initial mesh by using the received 2D corresponding information; removing an abnormal face from the initial mesh; checking if unused 2D corresponding point information exists among the received 2D corresponding point information; if unused 2D corresponding point information exists, reorganizing the initial mesh by performing a constrained Delaunay triangulation; and if unused 2D corresponding point information does not exist in the result of the confirmation, generating a final mesh.

Abstract: Provided is an image-based volume data carving method for rapidly carving a specific area of dimensional volume data based on images. The method includes the steps of: generating a mask image to be carved from an input image; dividing a viewing transform matrix of the mask image into a shear transform matrix and a warp transform matrix, and calculating a scale factor from the shear transform matrix; modifying the mask image to be parallel to an axis of the volume data; shearing a volume slice in such a manner that the volume data can be parallel to viewing rays passing through a volume, and scaling the size of the volume slice; and carving part of the volume slice through an operation between the mask image and each volume slice.

Abstract: A rendering apparatus for real-time global illumination and a method thereof are disclosed. The rendering apparatus includes: a spherical harmonic processor for creating light samples and creating spherical harmonics basis functions; a light model processor for transforming radiance of a HDRI image to spherical harmonics light coefficients using the spherical harmonic basis functions; a radiance transfer processor for previously calculating coefficients of a visibility and a geometric term for a global illumination model using the spherical harmonic basis function; a BRDF processor for generating a database of BRDF data and calculating coefficients of the BRDF data through smoothing; and a render unit for rendering the spherical harmonic light coefficients, the coefficients for the visibility and the geometric term, and the BRDF data coefficient using a rendering equation expressed as a dot product of a vector.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus for reconstructing a 3D shape of an object by using Helmholtz stereopsis. The apparatus includes: an image capturer for capturing two pairs of images satisfying Helmholtz reciprocity condition; a preprocessor for estimating optical and geometrical characteristics of a camera used for the image capturing; and a geometrical data reconstructor for converting Helmholtz restrictions generated from the respective pairs of the images into partial differential equations on the basis of the estimated optical and geometrical characteristics, and reconstructing 3D surface data of an object with depth discontinuity at a boundary between regions on the basis of the partial differential equations.

Abstract: Provided is an apparatus and method for determining stereo disparity based on two-path dynamic programming and GGCP. The apparatus includes a pre-processing unit for analyzing texture distribution of an input image by using a Laplacian of Gaussian (LOG) filter and dividing the input image into a homogeneous region and a non-homogeneous region; a local matching unit for determining candidate disparities to be included in an each pixel of all pixels; a local post-processing unit for removing candidate disparities in a pixel of low reliability by performing a visibility test betweens candidate disparities in each pixel to improve the reliability of the candidate disparity; and a global optimizing unit for determining a final disparity for candidate disparities in an each pixel by performing a dynamic programming.

Abstract: A system for image representation of a real object by using photographic images and a method thereof are disclosed. The system includes: a characterization unit of an image sensing device for extracting characteristics of an image sensing device to be used to obtain photographs of a target object; a characterization unit of an object for obtaining photographs of the target object by using the image sensing device and extracting characteristics of the target object by using the obtained photographs; and an image reproduction unit for reproducing photorealistic images by reinterpreting the extracted characteristics from the characterization unit of an object to be suitable to conditions of expressing the target object.

Abstract: The present invention relates to plasma display panel and manufacturing method thereof to simplify the manufacturing steps and reduce cost of production. In the present invention, a black layer formed between a transparent electrode and a bus electrode is formed together with a black matrix at the same time. In this case, the black layer is formed together with the black matrix in one. Cheap nonconductive oxide is used as a black powder of a black layer. Specifically, in case the black layer and the black matrix are formed in one, the bus electrode is shifted to a non-discharge area to improve the brightness of the plasma display panel.

Abstract: Streaming multimedia content from a content server to client, user multimedia devices (UMDs) connected to the content server through a network includes the steps of monitoring storage states, of UMDs connected to the network, for preset multimedia content, and automatically transmitting a starting block of the content to any UMD not yet storing the block. Tasks preparatory to streaming are advantageously off-loaded to the client side and distributed among UMDs, to realize reduced bandwidth and delay and to conserve on storage capacity of a UMD.

Abstract: A method for forming an ultra fine contact hole includes: forming a KrF photoresist pattern on a semiconductor substrate providing an insulation layer, the KrF photoresist pattern exposing a predetermined region for forming a contact hole on the insulation layer; forming a chemically swelling process (CSP) chemical material-containing layer being reactive to the KrF photoresist pattern on an entire surface of the semiconductor substrate; forming a chemical material-containing pattern encompassing the KrF photoresist pattern by reacting the chemical material-containing layer with the KrF photoresist pattern through a chemically swelling process to decrease a critical dimension of the contact hole; rinsing the semiconductor substrate; and increasing a thickness of a sidewall of the chemical material-containing pattern to a predetermined thickness by performing a resist flow process (RFP) that makes the chemical material-containing pattern flowed to decrease the critical dimension (CD) of the contact hole.