Abstract: An apparatus and method for balancing battery cells are disclosed. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a plurality of discharge circuits and a controller. The discharge circuits are respectively connected to the battery cells in parallel. Each discharge circuit includes a switch electrically connected to the corresponding battery cell, and the switch is configured to reduce the amount of current flowing through the battery cell when the switch is turned on. The controller is configured to turn on the switch according to a predetermined duty ratio.

Abstract: A sense amplifier includes a differential input circuit, a floating prevention circuit, and a differential amplifier. The differential input circuit output a first current flowing through a first node according to a first input signal, and second current flowing through a second node according to a second input signal. The floating prevention circuit outputs a third current flowing through the first node according to the second input signal, and fourth current flowing through the second node according to the first input signal. The differential amplifier generates a first output signal according to the first current or the third current flowing through the first node, and a second output signal according to the second current or the fourth current flowing through the second node. The sense amplifier may be coupled to a latch to form a flip-flop circuit.

Abstract: A receiver circuit includes a first amplification unit, a second amplification unit, a first equalizing unit, and a second equalizing unit. The first amplification unit is configured to differentially amplify an input signal and a reference signal and generate a positive intermediate output signal and a negative intermediate output signal. The second amplification unit is configured to receive the positive intermediate output signal as a positive input signal and the negative intermediate signal as a negative input signal, differentially amplify the positive and negative input signals and generate a positive output signal and a negative output signal. The first equalizing unit is configured to control the level of the negative intermediate output signal in response to the positive output signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a section signal generator and a decoder. The section signal generator generates a section signal by retarding a pre-section signal including a pulse created during a read operation or a write operation by a delay time that is set according to a level combination of first and second test mode signals. The decoder decodes address signals in response to a pulse of the section signal to generate column selection signals, one of which is selectively enabled, to store an external data in a memory cell of an internal circuit or to output a data stored in a memory cell of an internal circuit.

Abstract: Provided are methods and apparatuses for compressing genetic information, the methods and apparatuses obtaining read information about reads and alignment information about positions of the reads that are aligned to a reference sequence, and generating a compressed file comprising information about an address of a block corresponding to the aligned reads. Also, a method and apparatus for decompressing genetic information obtains a compressed file with respect to the genetic information, determines an address of a block corresponding to input gene search information, from the compressed file, and selectively decompresses genetic information corresponding to the determined address.

Abstract: A stereoscopic image display device includes a scan driver, a data driver, a light emission control driver, a display unit including a plurality of pixels, and a controller controlling the scan driver, the data driver, and the light emission control driver. The controller generates image data signals corresponding to a left-eye image display period, a right-eye image display period, and a black image display period during one frame and supplies the image data signals to the data driver. The black image display period, in which a black image according to the black data signal is displayed, and a shutter stabilization period, in which a left eye glass and a right eye glass of shutter spectacles are opened/closed, overlap each other between the left-eye image display period and the right-eye image display period.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a catalyst for aqueous-phase reforming of biomass-derived polyols, which comprises platinum and copper as active metals and a mixture of magnesia and alumina as a support. The catalyst contains a small amount of platinum and, at the same time, has high hydrogen selectivity and low methane selectivity.

Abstract: A method of predicting an effect of a c-Met inhibitor and/or selecting a subject for application of a c-Met inhibitor using TFF1, a method of monitoring an effect of a c-Met inhibitor using TFF1, and a method of treating and/or preventing cancer including administering a c-Met inhibitor to the selected subject.

Abstract: A receiver circuit includes a first differential amplification unit including a variable load section, and configured to receive first and second input signals, and to generate first and second output signals, which are amplified based on an impedance value of the variable load section and a voltage difference between the first and second input signals, a second differential amplification unit configured to receive the first and second output signals and to generate a third output signal based on a voltage difference between the first and second output signals, and a signal generating unit configured to generate an equalization signal for controlling the variable load section based on the third output signal.

Abstract: The VCM according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure includes a base unit, a mover including a bobbin arranged at an upper surface of the base unit and formed with a plurality of rotation prevention units along a periphery and a first driving unit arranged at a periphery of the bobbin, a stator including a yoke configured to the base unit to surround the mover and inner yoke units each extended to between the rotation prevention units, and a second driving unit oppositely arranged to the first driving unit, and an elastic member elastically supporting the mover, wherein an object occurrence preventing portion is formed between the rotation prevention unit and the inner yoke units to decrease a contact area between the rotation prevention unit and the inner yoke units.

Abstract: A contactless cardiopulmonary signal estimation method and apparatus are provided. A cardiopulmonary signal estimation apparatus may estimate a cardiopulmonary signal of a user from a heartbeat signal and a respiratory signal of the user in response to movement of a chest based on a cardiopulmonary exercise of the user.

Abstract: An exposure method includes loading a first substrate on a loading portion , the first substrate having a photo alignment agent which is coated on the first substrate, irradiating the first substrate by moving the first substrate in a first speed in a first direction to a working portion while loading a second substrate on the loading portion, the working portion having an ultra violet light source generating ultra violet ray to harden a photo alignment agent, simultaneously irradiating the first substrate and the second substrate by moving the first substrate and the second substrate in the first direction in the working portion, and unloading the first substrate from an unloading portion while irradiating the second substrate by moving the second substrate in the first direction in the working portion.

Abstract: Provided is a process for isolating a catalyst from a solution having a copolymer and a catalyst dissolved therein, after performing copolymerization with the catalyst. More specifically the invention provides selection and application of an adsorbent to be used for the isolation.

Abstract: Disclosed is an anode active material for secondary batteries enabling intercalation and deintercalation of lithium ions, the anode active material comprising lithium metal oxide containing a halogen atom.

Abstract: A backlight unit according to an embodiment includes: a plurality of optical assemblies each including a light source generating light, a light guide plate having a first part through which light travels inside and a second part diffusing upward the light traveling inside through the first part; and a diffusion pattern selectively disposed at the portions corresponding to interfaces between the light guide plates on the optical assemblies.

Abstract: A data input circuit includes a clock sampling unit, a final clock generation unit, and a write latch signal generation unit. The sampling unit is configured to generate a shifting signal including a pulse generated after a write latency is elapsed, and generate a sampling clock by sampling an internal clock during a burst period from substantially a time when the pulse of the shifting signal is generated. The final clock generation unit is configured to generate a level signal by latching the shifting signal in synchronization with the sampling clock and generate a final clock from the level signal in response to a burst signal. The write latch signal generation unit is configured to generate an enable signal by latching the final clock and generate a write latch signal for latching and outputting aligned data in response to the enable signal.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting device including a first electrode; a second electrode facing the first electrode; an emission layer between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first hole transport layer between the first electrode and the emission layer; and a second hole transport layer between the first hole transport layer and the emission layer, wherein the first hole transport layer includes a first compound represented by Formula 1 and the second hole transport layer includes a second compound represented by Formula 2:

Abstract: The present invention relates to a fluidized bed reactor capable of varying flow velocity, in which the flow velocity in the fluidized bed reactor varies to maintain the smooth transportation of solid particles while increasing the concentration of a gaseous reactant in relation to the solid particles. The fluidized bed reactor comprises: a lower high-speed unit into which solid particles and fluid particles are introduced; a middle low-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the lower high-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes lower than that in the lower high-speed unit; and an upper high-speed unit continuously connected to an upper portion of the middle low-speed unit so that the flow velocity therein becomes higher than that in the middle low-speed unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method of recovering 1,3-butadiene from a C4 stream containing butane, isobutane, 2-butene, 1-butene, isobutene, butadiene and acetylene. The process of recovering highly pure 1,3-butadiene includes acetylene conversion for selectively converting acetylene through liquid-phase hydrogenation, so that the acetylene content is decreased to 70 wt ppm or less, and 1,3-butadiene extraction using an extractive distillation column, a pre-separator, a solvent stripping column, a solvent recovery column, and a purification column. Through the acetylene conversion, the concentration of vinylacetylene is decreased to 70 wt ppm or less, after which 1,3-butadiene is recovered using only one extractive distillation column, thereby considerably decreasing the degree of utility and the loss of streams in the course of extraction. The number of units necessary for the process is decreased, thus remarkably reducing the time during which impurities can accumulate in a processing unit.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a method of selecting a relay node in a mobile ad-hoc network. The relay node selection method includes updating a neighbor node list based on messages received from one or more other nodes, and selecting a 1-hop neighbor node having a highest Multi-Point Relay (MPR) selector counter (MSC) value, from among one or more 1-hop neighbor nodes included in the updated neighbor node list, as an MPR node. Therefore, the present invention can prevent unnecessary channel competition and conflicts between nodes and improve network performance.