Abstract: Advances in wireless technologies have resulted in the ability of a wireless communication system to support wireless communications of different standards, e.g., 5G, LTE, and Wi-Fi. Different Wireless standards have aspects which are very different from each other. Described in the present disclosure are embodiments of architecture with hardware and software split to allow implementation of different wireless standards along a configurable signal process path. The configurable signal process path comprises software configurable operators that may be configured in a desired level of granularity to load desirable software to process signals of various standards on the same hardware. Embodiments of the disclosed architecture with hybrid hardware and software implementation may improve system operation efficiency and lower system complexity to serve communications across multiple wireless standards.

Abstract: With advanced compute capabilities and growing convergence of wireless standards and artificial intelligence (AI) applications, there is a requirement to run multiple wireless standards, e.g., 4G LTE, 5G NR and Wi-Fi, and AI on a single hardware together. Typical solutions include reserving some compute resources for specific wireless standards and a dedicated AI resource due to different precision compared to baseband processing. Typical solutions for signal processing with converged wireless standards and machine learning (ML) applications include having dedicated hardware acceleration and reserving some commutating or processing resources for specific wireless standards and a dedicated AI operation. Such approaches result in inefficient use of resources and lack of operation flexibility.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for channel estimation in wireless communications are provided. After an initial channel estimation and an estimation of the effective channel length (ECL) are performed, a weighting based on the ECL may be applied in an effort to remove noise from the initial channel estimate and provide an estimated channel with increased accuracy. Different weightings may apply for different channel lengths. A threshold may be used during the ECL estimation, and the threshold may be predetermined or calculated in an effort to adapt to different channel environments.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid receiver diversity scheme that involves combining received signals in accordance with a combination of multiple receive diversity schemes. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid transmit diversity scheme that involves transmitting diversity signals to a receiver according to a transmit diversity scheme selected based on signal quality measurements received from the receiver.

Abstract: A synchronization and detection method in a wireless device may include performing coarse detection and synchronization with respect to a received signal. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing fine detection and synchronization for acquisition of the received signal. Results of the coarse detection and synchronization may be used for the fine detection and synchronization. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing tracking mode processing when the acquisition of the received signal has been achieved.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of a transmission signal in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. The method may utilize a permutation of a time domain signal, and/or a permutation of a frequency domain signal or a permutation of a signal transformed by a unitary matrix. The apparatus may include an M-point DFT or some other M×M unitary matrix, N-point IDFT, interpolation and frequency conversion units, and a pair of possibly different permutation matrices of size M×M, where M can be less or equal than N.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for initially decoding a frame control header (FCH) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to accurately determine the downlink frame prefix (DLFP) such that the remainder of an OFDM/A frame may be properly decoded are provided. Used, for example, when boosting factors applied in the transmitter to various elements of the OFDM/A frame and/or available pilots for the FCH are unknown, such methods may utilize a preamble channel estimate, the FCH pilots, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide techniques for approximate computation of l2 norms as a part of the maximum likelihood (ML) detection: tri-maxmin, maxsum and sortsum algorithms. The proposed approximation schemes show better accuracy than conventional approximation schemes—the abssum and maxmin algorithms, while the computational complexity is very similar. The error rate performance of the ML detection that utilizes proposed norm-approximation techniques are very close to the reference ML detection with exact calculation of l2 norms, while the computational complexity is significantly smaller.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for initially decoding a frame control header (FCH) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to accurately determine the downlink frame prefix (DLFP) such that the remainder of an OFDM/A frame may be properly decoded are provided. Used, for example, when boosting factors applied in the transmitter to various elements of the OFDM/A frame and/or available pilots for the FCH are unknown, such methods may utilize a preamble channel estimate, the FCH pilots, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: In accordance with a method for processing a received orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) signal that comprises a duplicated signal, sub-carriers within the OFDMA signal may be arranged into a duplicated format. The OFDMA signal may be equalized and combined after the sub-carriers have been arranged into the duplicated format. The equalizing and combining may be performed in accordance with a maximum ratio combining (MRC) scheme. The OFDMA signal may be demapped after the equalizing and combining is performed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for initially decoding a frame control header (FCH) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to accurately determine the downlink frame prefix (DLFP) such that the remainder of an OFDM/A frame may be properly decoded are provided. Used, for example, when boosting factors applied in the transmitter to various elements of the OFDM/A frame and/or available pilots for the FCH are unknown, such methods may utilize a preamble channel estimate, the FCH pilots, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for decoding encoded data bits of a wireless communication transmission are provided. A set of a-priori bit values corresponding to known bit values of the encoded data bits may be generated. Decoding paths that correspond to decoded data bits that are inconsistent with the a-priori bit values may be removed from the possible decoding paths to consider, and decoding the encoded data bits by selecting a decoding path from remaining decoding paths of the possible decoding paths that were not removed. Multiple hypotheses, each corresponding to a different set of a-prior bit values may be evaluated, with the decoded data for a hypothesis selected based on the evaluation output for further processing.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide techniques for approximate computation of l2 norms as a part of the maximum likelihood (ML) detection: tri-maxmin, maxsum and sortsum algorithms. The proposed approximation schemes show better accuracy than conventional approximation schemes—the abssum and maxmin algorithms, while the computational complexity is very similar. The error rate performance of the ML detection that utilizes proposed norm-approximation techniques are very close to the reference ML detection with exact calculation of l2 norms, while the computational complexity is significantly smaller.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a method and an apparatus for peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction of a transmission signal in a single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA) system. The method may utilize a permutation of a time domain signal, and/or a permutation of a frequency domain signal or a permutation of a signal transformed by a unitary matrix. The apparatus may include an M-point DFT or some other M×M unitary matrix, N-point IDFT, interpolation and frequency conversion units, and a pair of possibly different permutation matrices of size M×M, where M can be less or equal than N.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for determining an accurate fractional carrier frequency offset (CFO) adjustment in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to properly compensate for the actual CFO between a transmitter and a receiver are provided. This enhanced fractional CFO adjustment may be based on a history of estimated fractional CFOs and estimated carrier-to-interference-plus-noise ratios (CINRs) and may be statistically derived from this history, therefore leading to a more accurate fractional CFO adjustment when compared to conventional fractional CFO estimations. A more accurate fractional CFO adjustment may lead to increased physical layer performance and decreased decoding errors (i.e., lower bit error ratio, or BER).

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid receiver diversity scheme that involves combining received signals in accordance with a combination of multiple receive diversity schemes. Certain embodiments of the present disclosure provide a hybrid transmit diversity scheme that involves transmitting diversity signals to a receiver according to a transmit diversity scheme selected based on signal quality measurements received from the receiver.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for channel estimation in wireless communications are provided. After an initial channel estimation and an estimation of the effective channel length (ECL) are performed, a weighting based on the ECL may be applied in an effort to remove noise from the initial channel estimate and provide an estimated channel with increased accuracy. Different weightings may apply for different channel lengths. A threshold may be used during the ECL estimation, and the threshold may be predetermined or calculated in an effort to adapt to different channel environments.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for initially decoding a frame control header (FCH) in an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) or orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) system in an effort to accurately determine the downlink frame prefix (DLFP) such that the remainder of an OFDM/A frame may be properly decoded are provided. Used, for example, when boosting factors applied in the transmitter to various elements of the OFDM/A frame and/or available pilots for the FCH are unknown, such methods may utilize a preamble channel estimate, the FCH pilots, or a combination thereof.

Abstract: A synchronization and detection method in a wireless device may include performing coarse detection and synchronization with respect to a received signal. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing fine detection and synchronization for acquisition of the received signal. Results of the coarse detection and synchronization may be used for the fine detection and synchronization. The synchronization and detection method may also include performing tracking mode processing when the acquisition of the received signal has been achieved.