Abstract: An image sensing apparatus includes a first substrate structure, a second substrate structure, and a memory chip. The first substrate structure includes a pixel region having a photoelectric conversion element. The second substrate structure includes a first surface connected to the first substrate structure and a second surface opposite the first surface, and also includes a circuit region to drive the pixel region. The memory chip is mounted on the second surface of the second substrate structure. The first substrate structure and the second substrate structure are electrically connected by first connection vias passing through the first substrate structure. The second substrate structure and the memory chip are electrically connected by second connection vias passing through a portion of the second substrate structure. The first connection vias and the second connection vias are at different positions on a plane.

Abstract: According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a portable lighting device capable of adaptive brightness control includes: a light irradiation unit that irradiates light; a brightness sensing unit that measures the brightness of a region in front of a current position at a predetermined distance; and a control unit that controls the amount of light to be irradiated by the light irradiation unit depending on the brightness measured by the brightness sensing unit. Herein, the control unit controls the amount of light by changing the width of an ON pulse period in which the light irradiation unit is operated within a discrete signal controlling the light irradiation unit or by changing the intensity of light in response to a continuous signal controlling the light irradiation unit.

Abstract: An electronic device having a file restore function and a method thereof are provided. The electronic device includes a formatting unit for performing a backup of data that is used for file management in a backup region of a recording medium, and formatting the recording medium by initializing a region in which the data is recorded; and an unformatting unit for unformatting the recording medium by restoring the backup data in the backup region. Accordingly, files recorded in the recording medium can be all restored by unformatting the formatted recording medium.

Abstract: An electronic device having a file restore function and a method thereof are provided. The electronic device includes a formatting unit for performing a backup of data that is used for file management in a backup region of a recording medium, and formatting the recording medium by initializing a region in which the data is recorded; and an unformatting unit for unformatting the recording medium by restoring the backup data in the backup region. Accordingly, files recorded in the recording medium can be all restored by unformatting the formatted recording medium.