Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a position distribution of radiation emission The method and apparatus include obtaining a time difference between radiations detected by a pair of detectors, and creating a probability distribution function (PDF) indicating the probability of where the radiations actually were or may have been emitted. The PDF may be created based on the time difference and timing resolutions of the pair of detectors.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (MRI-PET) system. The MRI-PET system includes a PET unit and a radiofrequency (RF) coil disposed within a gradient coil assembly.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a substrate, and a plurality of spaced apart pads on the substrate. Each of the pads may includes first, second, third, and fourth sides, the first and third sides may be opposite sides that are substantially straight, and the second and fourth sides may be opposite sides that are curved. Related methods, devices, and structures are also discussed.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a substrate, and a plurality of spaced apart pads on the substrate. Each of the pads may includes first, second, third, and fourth sides, the first and third sides may be opposite sides that are substantially straight, and the second and fourth sides may be opposite sides that are curved. Related methods, devices, and structures are also discussed.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating a blur model of a detector, and methods and apparatus for generating a medical image are provided. A method of generating a blur model of a detector may involve: changing locations of linear gamma ray sources along at least one line and obtaining signals emitted from the linear gamma ray sources; obtaining a point spread function (PSF) with respect to at least one voxel included in the at least one line; and generating a blur model of the detector from the PSF.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for generating images are provided. The method includes generating a first sinogram for a state of an object from among states of the object based on a motion of the object, and a second sinogram for the states, based on data obtained from the object, and determining a region of interest (ROI) of the object based on the first sinogram. The method further includes extracting, from the second sinogram, third sinograms corresponding to the ROI, and estimating motion information of the ROI based on the third sinograms. The method further includes correcting the data based on the motion information.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include an isolation pattern and first, second, and third active regions of a substrate. The first active region may be spaced apart from the second active region by a first width of the isolation pattern in a direction. A gate structure may be between the first and second active regions and may include a second width wider than the first width of the isolation pattern in the direction. Related methods of forming semiconductor devices are also provided.

Abstract: A method of generating a response from a scanner in an imaging apparatus, a method of generating a medical image, an apparatus configured to generate a response of a scanner, and an apparatus configured to generate a medical image are provided. The method of generating a response of a scanner includes: generating point spread functions (PSFs) for the amount of the acquired signal from a point source; and generating the response of the scanner for the amount of the signal acquired, based on the PSF.

Abstract: An image correction method includes detecting signals emitted from a tracer introduced into a target; intermittently extracting some of the detected signals according to a code string in which different codes are arranged; generating an image of the target using the extracted signals; and correcting the generated image based on at least one characteristic of the generated image.

Abstract: An electronic device may include a substrate, and a plurality of spaced apart pads on the substrate. Each of the pads may includes first, second, third, and fourth sides, the first and third sides may be opposite sides that are substantially straight, and the second and fourth sides may be opposite sides that are curved. Related methods, devices, and structures are also discussed.

Abstract: Provided is a magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography (MRI-PET) system. The MRI-PET system includes a PET unit and a radiofrequency (RF) coil disposed within a gradient coil assembly.

Abstract: An image generation method includes classifying data according to a motion period of an object; generating respective sinograms from the classified data; updating an intermediate sinogram for an intermediate image using the sinograms; generating an updated intermediate image by performing a back projection on the updated intermediate sinogram; and generating an image in which a motion of the object is compensated by sequentially applying the sinograms in a process of generating the updated intermediate image.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating a system response of a scanner of an imaging apparatus includes generating the system response based on a signal emitted from a point source located in a scanning space of the scanner, setting components that are factors affecting the system response, generating a component response based on a signal received from the scanner with respect to each of the components, and adjusting the system response by using the component responses.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for estimating a position distribution of radiation emission The method and apparatus include obtaining a time difference between radiations detected by a pair of detectors, and creating a probability distribution function (PDF) indicating the probability of where the radiations actually were or may have been emitted. The PDF may be created based on the time difference and timing resolutions of the pair of detectors.

Abstract: A motion information estimation method and an image generation apparatus are provided. The image generation apparatus may include an image data obtaining unit for obtaining image data of the anatomic features of a subject. The image generation apparatus may also include a region-of-interest (ROI) determining unit for determining a ROI in the image data, where motion is generated in the ROI corresponding to motion of the subject. The apparatus may also include a sinogram generating unit for generating first sinograms corresponding to a plurality of states of the ROI from data obtained from the subject during a first time. Additionally, the apparatus may include an extracting unit for extracting feature values of the subject from the first sinograms, respectively, and a motion information estimating unit for estimating motion information of the subject by referring to the feature values of the subject with respect to the plurality of states.

Abstract: A method and an apparatus for generating images are provided. The method includes generating a first sinogram for a state of an object from among states of the object based on a motion of the object, and a second sinogram for the states, based on data obtained from the object, and determining a region of interest (ROI) of the object based on the first sinogram. The method further includes extracting, from the second sinogram, third sinograms corresponding to the ROI, and estimating motion information of the ROI based on the third sinograms. The method further includes correcting the data based on the motion information.

Abstract: A method of generating a response from a scanner in an imaging apparatus, a method of generating a medical image, an apparatus configured to generate a response of a scanner, and an apparatus configured to generate a medical image are provided. The method of generating a response of a scanner includes: generating point spread functions (PSFs) for the amount of the acquired signal from a point source; and generating the response of the scanner for the amount of the signal acquired, based on the PSF.

Abstract: Semiconductor devices are provided. The semiconductor devices may include an isolation pattern and first, second, and third active regions of a substrate. The first active region may be spaced apart from the second active region by a first width of the isolation pattern in a direction. A gate structure may be between the first and second active regions and may include a second width wider than the first width of the isolation pattern in the direction. Related methods of forming semiconductor devices are also provided.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for generating an image with a correction model are provided. The method of generating a correction model of a detector may involve: changing a location of a point source and obtaining a signal emitted from the point source; calculating at least one parameter representing a distribution characteristic of the obtained signal with respect to a plurality of projection directions at each of the changed locations; and generating the correction model of the detector based on the at least one parameter.

Abstract: Methods and apparatuses for generating a blur model of a detector, and methods and apparatus for generating a medical image are provided. A method of generating a blur model of a detector may involve: changing locations of linear gamma ray sources along at least one line and obtaining signals emitted from the linear gamma ray sources; obtaining a point spread function (PSF) with respect to at least one voxel included in the at least one line; and generating a blur model of the detector from the PSF.