Abstract: Disclosed is a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided so as to support a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G communication system, such as LTE. Disclosed is a communication method of a base station using a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS) in a mobile communication system, the method comprising the steps of: receiving a sounding reference signal (SRS) from a terminal; selecting a precoding matrix by using the received SRS; transmitting a CSI-RS by using the selected precoding matrix; receiving a CSI report from the terminal, and determining a transmission parameter on the basis of the CSI report; and transmitting data to the terminal by applying the determined transmission parameter thereto, wherein the CSI-RS is aperiodically transmitted.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including a fin-shaped active region that protrudes from the substrate, a gate insulating film covering a top surface and both side walls of the fin-shaped active region, a gate electrode on the top surface and the both side walls of the fin-shaped active region and covering the gate insulating film, one pair of insulating spacers on both side walls of the gate electrode, one pair of source/drain region on the fin-shaped active region and located on both sides of the gate electrode, and a lower buffer layer between the fin-shaped active region the source/drain region. The source/drain regions include a compound semiconductor material including atoms from different groups. The lower buffer layer includes a compound semiconductor material that is amorphous and includes atoms from different groups.

Abstract: Disclosed are: a communication technique for fusing, with IoT technology, a 5G communication system for supporting a data transmission rate higher than that of a 4G communication system; and a system therefor. The communication technique can be applied, on the basis of 5G communication technology and IoT-related technology, to intelligent services (for example, smart home, smart building, smart city, smart car or connected car, health care, digital education, retail, security and safety-related services, and the like). A method for estimating a channel in a communication system, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises the steps of: confirming a code and antenna distinguishing scheme used in channel estimation; generating a channel estimation code on the basis of the confirmed code and antenna distinguishing scheme; and transmitting the generated channel estimation code through a plurality of transmission antennas.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided for supporting a data rate higher than that of a 4G communication system, such as LTE, and subsequent communication systems. The present disclosure relates to a method for transmitting a reference signal (RS) in a wireless communication system, comprising the steps of: configuring a transmission resource by including at least one resource block (RB), which does not map the RS, between two RBs, which map the RS, in a first subframe; transmitting a first message for directing an RB offset indicating a gap between the two RBs, which map the RS, and locations of the RBs, which map the RS; and transmitting the RS through the configured transmission resource.

Abstract: The present embodiment relates to a dual camera module comprising: a rigid first substrate having a first image sensor arranged thereon; a rigid second substrate spaced apart from the first substrate and having a second image sensor arranged thereon; a third substrate connected to the first substrate and the second substrate; and a flexible connection unit for connecting the first substrate to the second substrate, wherein the first substrate includes a first side surface, the second substrate includes a second side surface facing the first side surface, and the connection unit connects the first side surface of the first substrate to the second side surface of the second substrate.

Abstract: Disclosed is a direct synthesis method of nanostructured catalyst particles on surfaces of various supports.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system for supporting a higher data transfer rate beyond a 4G communication system such as LTE. A method and an apparatus for transmitting and receiving channel state information are disclosed. The method comprises: a step of transmitting, to a terminal, a signaling message including first information indicating at least one precoding matrix which is applicable to a symbol vector to be transmitted; a step of transmitting, to the terminal, a channel status information-reference signal (CSI-RS) for the terminal; and a step of receiving channel state information including a channel quality indicator (CQI) which is calculated using the selected precoding matrix on the basis of second information from the terminal.

Abstract: A method of performing beamforming in a base station is provided. The method includes receiving random access channel signals transmitted in one or more transmit beams from a terminal, using one or more receive beams, determining at least one best transmit beam from the one or more transmit beams and at least one best receive beam from the one or more receive beams, and transmitting information about the best transmit beam and the best receive beam to the terminal.

Abstract: A base station and terminal use methods of obtaining synchronization and system information in a wireless communication system. An operation of a base station includes generating a synchronization signal to be transmitted through a Synchronization Channel (SCH), generating a broadcast signal to be transmitted through a Broadcast Channel (BCH), and transmitting repetitively the SCH and the BCH by performing beamforming on the channels with different transmission beams.

Abstract: In a method of manufacturing a vertical semiconductor device, an insulation layer and a sacrificial layer are alternatively and repeatedly formed on a substrate to define a structure. The structure is etched to form a hole therethrough that exposes the substrate. A first semiconductor pattern is formed in a lower portion of the hole, and a blocking pattern, a charge storage pattern, a tunnel insulation pattern and a first channel pattern are formed on a sidewall of the hole. A second channel pattern is formed on the first channel pattern and the semiconductor pattern, and a second semiconductor pattern is formed on a portion of the second channel pattern on the semiconductor pattern to define an upper channel pattern including the second channel pattern and the second semiconductor pattern. The sacrificial layers are replaced with a plurality of gates, respectively, including a conductive material.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a 5G or pre-5G communication system to be provided to support a higher data transmission rate beyond the 4G communication system, such as LTE. The present invention provides a method for estimating a downlink channel by a receiver in a wireless communication system, the method comprising: estimating the downlink channel on the basis of a reference signal to recover an information bit, and checking whether the information bit recovery has succeeded; and when the information bit recovery has not succeeded, selecting at least one of the received signals as a virtual reference signal on the basis of the accuracy of the data reconstructed at a related resource location and the correlation between the related resource location and a resource location related to the reference signal, and estimating the downlink channel on the basis of at least one virtual reference signal.

Abstract: A multichannel fuel cell test station for testing a performance of a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly (MEA) is provided. The multichannel fuel cell test station may include a cell mounting portion configured to receive a plurality of unit cells, a gas supply configured to supply fuel gas to the unit cells and including a pressure generator and a mass flow controller (MFC), a temperature controller configured to maintain a constant ambient temperature of the unit cells, a humidifying portion configured to maintain a constant humidification state around the unit cells, a measurer configured to measure performances and electrochemical impedances of the unit cells, and a controller configured to control the gas supply, the temperature controller, the humidifying portion and the measurer.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate including a fin-shaped active region that protrudes from the substrate, a gate insulating film covering a top surface and both side walls of the fin-shaped active region, a gate electrode on the top surface and the both side walls of the fin-shaped active region and covering the gate insulating film, one pair of insulating spacers on both side walls of the gate electrode, one pair of source/drain region on the fin-shaped active region and located on both sides of the gate electrode, and a lower buffer layer between the fin-shaped active region the source/drain region. The source/drain regions include a compound semiconductor material including atoms from different groups. The lower buffer layer includes a compound semiconductor material that is amorphous and includes atoms from different groups.

Abstract: An organic light-emitting display device includes a display unit having a plurality of pixel units. The display device also includes a timing controller for calculating a black bias pixel ratio (BBPR) of the display unit based on image signals provided by an external source and for generating a control signal based on the BBPR. The BBPR is the ratio of a number of pixel units in a black state to a total number of pixel units. A power supply unit provides a driving voltage to the display unit based on the control signal from the timing controller, wherein the power supply unit provides a first driving voltage to the display unit when the BBPR is less than a reference value and provides a second driving voltage, which is higher than the first driving voltage, otherwise.

Abstract: A preparation method of Gynostemma Pentaphyllus leaves extracts with increased amount of small molecular effective saponin and decreased benzopyrene includes the steps of drying fresh Gynostemma Pentaphyllus leaves after heating, treating the dried Gynostemma Pentaphyllus leaves with steam, adding water of 1 to 100-fold volume to the above Gynostemma Pentaphyllus leaves and then preparing a hot water extract by carrying out a hot water extraction at 100-180 V, 0.5-10 atm for 1-120 hours, adding C1-C4 lower alcohol of 1 to 100-fold volume to the residual remained after the hot water extraction and then preparing an alcohol extract of the residual from the hot water extract by carrying out an alcohol extraction at 50-100° C. for 1-4 hours, and mixing the hot water extract and the alcohol extract, and then filtering and concentrating the mixture.

Abstract: A vertical stack transistor includes: a first transistor and a second transistor, located in a vertical direction, wherein the first transistor includes a first gate electrode, a first insulating layer, a first electrode, a first channel, and a second electrode, which are sequentially stacked in the vertical direction, and the second transistor includes a second gate electrode, a second insulating layer, a third electrode, a second channel, and a fourth electrode, which are sequentially stacked in the vertical direction, wherein the second gate electrode and the second electrode are the same electrode.

Abstract: Various examples of the present invention relate to an electronic device data recording method and an electronic device thereof, and an electronic device operating method can comprise the steps of: determining a data recording possibility of a specific area of a nonvolatile memory in which data is to be recorded; and determining whether to record data based on the data recording possibility. In addition, the various examples of the present invention also include the aforementioned example and other examples.

Abstract: An electronic device is provided. The electronic device includes an outer housing that comprises a first surface facing a first direction, a second surface facing a second direction opposite to the first direction, and a side surface surrounding a space between the first surface and the second surface, a display adapted to expose at least a portion of the display through the first surface of the outer housing, a PCB arranged between the second surface and the display in an interior of the outer housing, a communication circuit arranged on or over the PCB, a first conductive structure formed of at least one of the first surface or at least a portion of the side surface is electrically connected to the communication circuit, and a second conductive structure formed of the portion of the display electrically connected to the first conductive structure.

Abstract: An apparatus and a method for operating a mobile station in a wireless communication system are provided. The method includes receiving first information transmitted on a secondary carrier from a base station, and transmitting second information for feedback related to the secondary carrier at a feedback region in a primary carrier based on the first information to the base station.

Abstract: A millimeter radio wave communication system. In a method for operating a base station (BS) in an analog/digital mixed BF system, an analog BF direction is determined. A digital BF precoder is determined for the determined analog BF direction. Digital BF precoding is performed using the digital BF precoder with respect to the determined analog BF direction. A DownLink Reference Signal (DL RS) is transmitted in the analog BF direction on which the digital BF precoding has been performed.