Abstract: Disclosed herein are an apparatus and a method for controlling a redundant steering system. The apparatus includes: a first steering position controller configured to control a first MDPS module based on a first command steering angle from an autonomous driving system and a current steering angle; a second steering position controller configured to control a second MDPS module based on a second command steering angle from the autonomous driving system and the current steering angle; an internal communication interface configured to enable a communication between the first steering position controller and the second steering position controller; and a processor configured to calculate final output information including the current steering angle based on first information output from the first MDPS module and second information output from the second MDPS module, and to apply the final output information to the first steering position controller and the second steering position controller.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprising a peripheral circuit structure and a cell structure stacked on the peripheral circuit structure, wherein the cell structure includes a cell substrate including a first face facing the peripheral circuit structure and a second face opposite the first face, a first mold stack including a plurality of first gate electrodes sequentially stacked on the first face, and a channel hole extending through the plurality of first gate electrodes. A channel structure includes a gate dielectric film, a semiconductor film, and a variable resistance film sequentially stacked in the channel hole, wherein the semiconductor film includes a sidewall portion intersecting the first face and the plurality of first gate electrodes, and a top plate portion extending from the sidewall portion in the cell substrate in a parallel manner to the first face.

Abstract: A touch sensor includes first touch cells disposed in a first touch sensing area, the first touch cells each including a first touch pattern and a first dummy pattern, and second touch cells disposed in a second touch sensing area, the second touch cells each including a second touch pattern and a second dummy pattern. An area of a first dummy pattern area in which the first dummy pattern is disposed is greater than an area of a second dummy pattern area in which the second dummy pattern is disposed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a four-wheel independent steering apparatus. The apparatus includes a load estimator configured to receive, from a sensor disposed in a steering system, a value corresponding to a sensing by the sensor, and calculate an amount of load based on the value received from the sensor. The apparatus also includes a processor configured to receive, from an autonomous driving controller that is an upper-level controller, a steering angle reference, calculate an output value for allowing an actual steering angle to track the steering angle reference, based on the steering angle reference, the value from the sensor, and the amount of the load from the load estimator, and output the output value to the steering system.

Abstract: A vehicle lamp for forming a predetermined beam pattern using a plurality of lamp modules is provided. Each of the lamp modules includes a light source unit that generates light and includes a plurality of light source chips; an optical path adjustment unit that guides a path of the light irradiated from the light source unit; and an optical unit that transmits the light guided by the optical path adjustment unit to form a beam pattern including at least one light irradiation pattern formed by at least one of the plurality of light source chips. In particular, the plurality of light source chips are arranged in a left-right direction.

Abstract: A method performed by a managing server includes: receiving, from an electronic device, operation data of the electronic device; identifying, by using artificial intelligence (AI), a device usage pattern of the electronic device; identifying, by using the AI, information related to a failure or an abnormal operation of the electronic device and a solution to the failure or the abnormal operation based on the device usage pattern and the operation data received from the electronic device; and transmitting, to a user terminal, the information related to the failure or the abnormal operation of the electronic device and the solution to the failure or the abnormal operation.

Abstract: A display device includes: a pixel circuit layer including a plurality of transistors; first partition wall and a second partition wall on the pixel circuit layer, each of the first and second partition walls having a shape protruding in a thickness direction; a first electrode and a second electrode on the same layer and respectively on the first partition wall and the second partition wall; a light emitting element between the first electrode and the second electrode; and a semiconductor pattern directly on the first electrode.

Abstract: A vehicle steering control apparatus and a method of controlling the vehicle steering control apparatus. When a rotational movement of a steering wheel is detected during autonomous traveling, a steering apparatus is controlled by changing a reference steering angle signal for controlling the steering apparatus, while a vehicle is kept traveling in an autonomous traveling mode for a predetermined time without deactivating the autonomous traveling mode. Thus, a change due to the rotational movement of the steering wheel is compensated for, the instability in autonomous traveling caused by switching between traveling modes is eliminated, and the occurrence of a traffic accident due to deviation from the vehicle's intended traveling course and loss of control is prevented. As a result, the effect of improving the stability in the autonomous traveling can be achieved, ensuring that the vehicle stays on the intended traveling course.

Abstract: Integrated circuit devices and methods of forming the same are provided. The methods may include providing a substrate structure including a substrate, a bottom insulator and a semiconductor region between the substrate and the bottom insulator, the semiconductor region extending in a first direction; forming first and second preliminary transistor structures on the bottom insulator, wherein and the bottom insulator may include first and second portions that the first and second preliminary transistor structures respectively overlap, and a third portion between the first and second portions; replacing the third portion of the bottom insulator with a bottom semiconductor layer; forming a source/drain region between the first and second preliminary transistor structures; replacing the substrate and the semiconductor region with a backside insulator; forming a power contact in the backside insulator, wherein the source/drain region may overlap the power contact; and forming a power rail.

Abstract: A display device includes: a first substrate; a second substrate on the first substrate and exposing a first edge portion of the first substrate, the second substrate protruding beyond a second edge portion of the first substrate; a connection line on the first edge portion of the first substrate, the connection line having a first end portion protruding beyond a first side of the second substrate and a second end portion covered by the second substrate; and a thin-film transistor layer on the second substrate and connected to the connection line. The thin-film transistor layer includes signal lines extending from the first side to a second side of the second substrate. The signal lines extend into contact openings in the thin-film transistor layer and are exposed at a lower part of the second substrate on the second side of the second substrate.

Abstract: A printed circuit board includes a first substrate portion including a plurality of first insulating layers, a plurality of first wiring layers respectively disposed on the plurality of first insulating layers, and a plurality of first adhesive layers respectively disposed between the plurality of first insulating layers to respectively cover the plurality of first wiring layers; and a second substrate portion disposed on the first substrate portion, and including a plurality of second insulating layers, a plurality of second wiring layers respectively disposed on the plurality of second insulating layers, and a plurality of second adhesive layers respectively disposed between the plurality of second insulating layers to respectively cover the plurality of second wiring layers.

Abstract: An electronic steering control apparatus to which a redundancy system is applied and which includes a first position controller and a second position controller. When communication is established between the first and second position controllers, the first position controller controls the position of a first motor based on command steering angles ?1 and ?2 from a control unit and feedback steering angles ?m1 and ?m2 from the first motor and a second motor, and the second position controller controls the position of the second motor based on the command steering angles ?1 and ?2 from the control unit and the feedback steering angles ?m1 and ?m2 from the first motor and the second motor.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an MDPS may include: a steering angle position control unit configured to compensate a first steering angle error corresponding to the difference between a command steering angle from an autonomous driving system and a first current steering angle from a steering angle sensor, and output a first command current; and a responsiveness improvement unit configured to compensate a second steering angle error corresponding to the difference between the command steering angle and a second current steering angle from a motor, and apply the compensated value to the steering angle position control unit, wherein the steering angle position control unit applies the compensated value to the first command current, and outputs a second command current.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for controlling a motor driven power steering system. The apparatus may include an MDPS basic logic unit configured to determine a first auxiliary command current in a manual driving mode of a vehicle, an autonomous driving steering control unit configured to determine a second auxiliary command current in an autonomous driving mode, a filter unit configured to filter the column torque so that noise torque is removed, and a control unit configured to control whether to activate the filter unit according to whether a predefined sudden steering condition is satisfied, to determine a driver's steering intervention based on selectively filtered column torque, to determine a final auxiliary command current by applying a weight to the first and second auxiliary command currents, and to control switching from the autonomous driving mode to the manual driving mode.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling an MDPS may include: a filtering unit configured to filter a specific frequency from a first current steering angle provided from a steering angle sensor; a command steering angle control unit configured to remove noise of a first command steering angle inputted from an autonomous driving system, and output a second command steering angle; a steering angle position control unit configured to compensate for a first steering angle error corresponding to the difference between the second command steering angle and the first current steering angle filtered by the filtering unit, and output a first command current; and a responsiveness improvement unit configured to compensate for a second steering angle error corresponding to the difference between the second command steering angle and a second current steering angle provided from a motor, and apply the compensation result value to the steering angle position control unit.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for controlling a motor driven power steering system. The apparatus for controlling a motor driven power steering system includes a steering angle position controller configured to control a steering angle by adjusting a gain value based on a steering angle error between a command steering angle inputted by an autonomous driving system and a current steering angle; a current controller configured to compensate for a current error between a second command current outputted from the steering angle position controller and a sensor current; and a disturbance estimator configured to estimate noise due to an external factor, to remove the estimated noise in advance from a third command current outputted from the current controller, and to apply the third command current with no noise to an MDPS.

Abstract: A dry cleaning apparatus includes a chamber, a substrate support supporting a substrate within the chamber, a shower head arranged in an upper portion of the chamber to supply a dry cleaning gas toward the substrate, the shower head including an optical window transmitting a laser light therethrough toward the substrate support, a plasma generator generating plasma from the dry cleaning gas, and a laser irradiator irradiating the laser light on the substrate through the optical window and the plasma to heat the substrate.

Abstract: A wafer cleaning apparatus is provided. The wafer cleaning apparatus includes comprising a chamber configured to be loaded with a wafer, a nozzle on the wafer and configured to provide liquid chemicals on an upper surface of the wafer, a housing under the wafer, a laser module configured to irradiate laser on the wafer, a transparent window disposed between the wafer and the laser module, and a controller configured to control on/off of the laser module, wherein the controller is configured to control repetition of turning the laser module on and off, and retain temperature of the wafer within a temperature range, and a ratio of time when the laser module is on in one cycle including on/off of the laser module is 30% to 50%.

Abstract: Disclosed are apparatuses and methods for controlling the steering of an autonomous vehicle.

Abstract: A four-wheel independent steering system and a method of controlling the four-wheel independent steering system. The four-wheel independent steering system includes a front/rear-wheel-angle-ratio calculation unit to calculate a ratio Kss between front and rear wheel angles that allows a body slip angle to converge to ‘0’ and allows a yaw angle and a yaw rate to maintain target values, and a control unit to perform four-wheel steering control based on the ratio Kss between the front and rear wheel angles.