Abstract: A surgical instrument includes an end tool including a first jaw and a second jaw that are rotatable, a manipulation part including an actuation manipulation part that controls actuation motions of the first jaw and the second jaw, and a power transmission part including a first jaw wire and a second jaw wire connected to the manipulation part to transfer the rotation of the manipulation part to the first jaw and the second jaw, respectively, wherein the actuation manipulation part includes an actuation pulley configured to be rotatable around an actuation rotation shaft, and a handle member that is fixedly coupled to the actuation pulley and rotated along with the actuation pulley, and a tensioner that rotates along with the rotation of the actuation pulley, and the tensioner comes into contact with the first jaw wire or the second jaw wire according to the rotation of the actuation pulley, and applies additional tension to the first jaw wire or the second jaw wire.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrostatic precipitator system and method. The disclosed electrostatic precipitator system includes: an electrostatic precipitator; a main hopper which is disposed below the electrostatic precipitator so as to be in fluid communication with the electrostatic precipitator; a plurality of sub-hoppers disposed below the main hopper so as to be in fluid communication with the main hopper; a vertical duct disposed below each sub-hopper so as to be in fluid communication with each sub-hopper; and a water tank disposed below the vertical duct so as to be in fluid communication with the vertical duct.

Abstract: A surgical instrument includes a manipulation part coupled to an end tool connection part and formed to control an operation of an end tool, and a driving unit formed to be detachably attached to the manipulation part and formed to supply a driving force for the operation of the end tool through the manipulation part.

Abstract: An end tool of a surgical instrument includes a jaw and a sensing member, wherein the jaw is configured to accommodate at least one area of a working member that is movable in one direction, and the sensing member is configured to sense information about a position of the working member.

Abstract: In various examples, a technique for generating a simulated multi-speaker recording includes determining a first rate at which a first speech-based attribute occurs within a first portion of the simulated multi-speaker recording. The technique also includes computing a first difference between the first rate and a first target rate for the first speech-based attribute. The technique further includes determining, based at least on the first difference, a second rate at which the first speech-based attribute is to occur within a second portion of the simulated multi-speaker recording and generating the second portion of the simulated multi-speaker recording based at least on the second rate.

Abstract: Disclosed are an electrostatic precipitator system and method. The disclosed electrostatic precipitator system includes: an electrostatic precipitator; a main hopper which is disposed below the electrostatic precipitator so as to be in fluid communication with the electrostatic precipitator; a plurality of sub-hoppers disposed below the main hopper so as to be in fluid communication with the main hopper; a vertical duct disposed below each sub-hopper so as to be in fluid communication with each sub-hopper; and a water tank disposed below the vertical duct so as to be in fluid communication with the vertical duct.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system and method are disclosed. The waste heat recovery system disclosed herein comprises: a waste heat recovery boiler; a waste heat supply member configured to supply waste heat to the waste heat recovery boiler; and a water tank configured to fluidly communicate with the waste heat supply member.

Abstract: Provided is a surgical instrument for electrocautery including an end tool including one or more jaws and configured to be rotatable in two or more directions, a connection part extending in a first direction (an X-axis) and having one end to which the end tool is coupled, a wire having one end connected to the end tool, a shrink tube into which the other end of the wire, opposite to the one end of the wire connected to the end tool, is inserted, and a shaft tube, into which the other end of the shrink tube, opposite to one end of the shrink tube into which the wire is inserted, is inserted, wherein the wire and the shaft tube are separated by the shrink tube, and the wire and the shaft tube are insulated from each other.

Abstract: A waste heat recovery system and method are disclosed. The waste heat recovery system disclosed herein comprises: a waste heat recovery boiler; a waste heat supply member configured to supply waste heat to the waste heat recovery boiler; and a water tank configured to fluidly communicate with the waste heat supply member.

Abstract: An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may comprise a speaker, a wireless communication interface configured to communicate with an external speaker and a controller configured to acquire a first output information of the speaker and a second output information of the external speaker, and based on the first output information and the second output information, output a first audio signal to the speaker and transmit a second audio signal to the external speaker through the wireless communication interface.

Abstract: Semiconductor memory devices including capacitors and methods for manufacturing thereof. The semiconductor memory device may include a substrate, an element isolation pattern defining an active area in the substrate, a first conductive pattern on the substrate and the element isolation pattern, and extending in a first direction, wherein the first conductive pattern is connected to a first portion of the active area, a capacitor structure on the substrate and the element isolation pattern and connected to a second portion of the active area, a gate trench defined in the substrate and the element isolation pattern and extending in a second direction, wherein a first trench width of a portion of the gate trench in the active area is greater than a second trench width of a portion of the gate trench in the element isolation pattern.

Abstract: There is provided a semiconductor memory device comprising: a substrate; a base insulating film on an upper surface of the substrate; a plurality of first conductive patterns on the base insulating film and spaced apart from each other, wherein the plurality of first conductive patterns extend in a first direction; a spacer structure on a side surface of each of the plurality of first conductive patterns; a barrier metal film on a side surface of the spacer structure, wherein the barrier metal film extends through the base insulating film to be electrically connected to the substrate; a filling metal film on the barrier metal film, wherein the filling metal film fills at least a portion of a space between adjacent ones of the plurality of first conductive patterns; and a capacitor structure on the filling metal film, wherein the capacitor structure is electrically connected to the filling metal film.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device comprising: a substrate including active patterns; a gate structure intersecting the active patterns; bit-line structures on the substrate; first contacts, wherein the bit-line structures and the first contacts are alternately arranged with each other; insulating patterns respectively disposed on the bit-line structures, wherein an insulating pattern among the insulating patterns is disposed in a first trench exposing a sidewall of a first contact among the first contacts and at least a portion of the gate structure; and second contacts disposed on the first contacts, wherein a second contact among the second contacts is disposed in a second trench exposing a sidewall of the insulating pattern and an upper surface of the first contact, wherein the insulating pattern overlaps an upper surface of a bit-line structure among the bit-line structures and extends along sidewalls of the first and second trenches and contacts the first and second contacts.

Abstract: An electronic device comprises a speaker; a wireless communication interface configured to communicate with an external device, wirelessly; and a controller configured to transmit a sound source to the speaker, transmit the sound source to the external device through the wireless communication interface, obtain a first audio corresponding to the sound source output through the speaker and a second audio corresponding to the sound source output through the external device, and control an EQ (Equalizer) mode of the external device based on a comparison result between the first audio and the second audio, or output a calibrated sound source to the speaker.

Abstract: An encoding/decoding apparatus and method for controlling a channel signal is disclosed, wherein the encoding apparatus may include an encoder to encode an object signal, a channel signal, and rendering information for the channel signal, and a bit stream generator to generate, as a bit stream, the encoded object signal, the encoded channel signal, and the encoded rendering information for the channel signal.

Abstract: An encoding/decoding apparatus and method for controlling a channel signal is disclosed, wherein the encoding apparatus may include an encoder to encode an object signal, a channel signal, and rendering information for the channel signal, and a bit stream generator to generate, as a bit stream, the encoded object signal, the encoded channel signal, and the encoded rendering information for the channel signal.

Abstract: Provided are a printed circuit board, a display device and a method of manufacturing a display device. The printed circuit board includes a base film including a first surface and a second surface, lead lines disposed on the first surface of the base film, and a first cover layer that covers at least a part of the lead lines and includes fill-in portions disposed between the lead lines. Each of the fill-in portions has a surface height less than a surface height of each of the lead lines with respect to the first surface of the base film.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes a substrate, a gate electrode on the substrate, a gate spacer on a sidewall of the gate electrode, an active pattern penetrating the gate electrode and the gate spacer, and an epitaxial pattern contacting the active pattern and the gate spacer. The gate electrode extends in a first direction. The gate spacer includes a semiconductor material layer. The active pattern extends in a second direction crossing the first direction.

Abstract: Disclosed is a binaural rendering method and apparatus for decoding a multichannel audio signal. The binaural rendering method may include: extracting an early reflection component and a late reverberation component from a binaural filter; generating a stereo audio signal by performing binaural rendering of a multichannel audio signal base on the early reflection component; and applying the late reverberation component to the generated stereo audio signal.

Abstract: A semiconductor device and a method for fabricating the same is provided. The semiconductor device includes a lower semiconductor film, a buried insulating film, and an upper semiconductor film which are sequentially stacked; an element isolation film defining an active region inside the substrate and including a material having an etching selectivity with respect to silicon oxide; a first gate trench inside the upper semiconductor film; a first gate electrode filing a part of the first gate trench; a second gate trench inside the element isolation film; and a second gate electrode filling a part of the second gate trench, a bottom side of the element isolation film being inside the lower semiconductor film.