Abstract: Provided is a method for prevention and treatment of age-related macular degeneration through the suppression of cathepsin S expression, and retinal pigment epithelial cells in which cathepsin S is knocked down can be usefully used as a target for preventing or treating dry and wet age-related macular degenerations, in that the expression level of inflammatory cytokines and complement activity are reduced even under oxidative stress conditions, and the retinal pigment epithelial cells are not only more effective in suppressing complement activity than NF-?B inhibitors, but also suppress intracellular neovascularization and tube formation.

Abstract: A display device may include a display panel including a plurality of pixel rows, a power supply providing a power voltage to the display panel, and an overcurrent protector shutting down the power supply when at least one of the pixel rows is burnt. The overcurrent protector may include a sensing controller sensing a first current of at least one first pixel row of the display panel in a first frame period, and sensing a second current of the first pixel row in a second frame period after the first frame period when the first current is greater than or equal to a first threshold value. The overcurrent protector may further include a burnt determiner determining whether the first pixel row is burnt, and providing a shutdown signal to the power supply when the first pixel row is burnt.

Abstract: A semiconductor memory device includes: a substrate; a source stack structure and a source insulating layer disposed over the substrate to be spaced apart from each other; an isolation insulating layer disposed between the source stack structure and the source insulating layer; a first stack structure disposed over the source stack structure; a second stack structure disposed over the source insulating layer; a vertical structure penetrating the first stack structure and a portion of the source stack structure; and a lower contact penetrating the source insulating layer.

Abstract: A display device includes a display panel configured to display an image; a restoring unit configured to receive a data packet and sequentially restoring display data corresponding to red, green and blue colors of sub-pixels from the data packet; a mura compensation circuit configured to receive the restored display data, generate adjusted compensation values and compensate for mura on the display data corresponding to the colors of the sub-pixels using the adjusted compensation values corresponding to location information of the sub-pixels having the mura; and an output circuit configured to receive the mura compensated display data and output a source signal to the display panel in accordance with the data packet, wherein the adjusted compensation values are generated by applying a first gain that is proportionally increased from 0% to 100% at a first region between a lowest gray scale and a first gray scale, a second gain that is 100% at a second region between the first gray scale and a second gray scale,

Abstract: Disclosed is a battery cell diagnosing apparatus, which includes a current measuring unit configured to measure a current of a battery cell; a voltage sensing unit configured to sense a cell voltage of the battery cell; and a first control unit configured to transmit first information of the battery cell including data obtained from the current measuring unit and the voltage sensing unit to an external device, receive second information including diagnostic information of the battery cell obtained based on the first information from the external device, and diagnose an abnormal state of the battery cell based on the first information and the second information.

Abstract: Disclosure are a triboelectric generator including a nano-composite life-limited via selective ultrasound application thereto, and a neurostimulation therapy device using the same. Disclosure are a life-limited nano-composite that initiates biodegradation thereof upon application of focused ultrasound thereto, and to a neurostimulation therapy device for peripheral neuropathy treatment using an ultrasound-driven triboelectric generator based on the life-limited nano-composite. The device has a power source that is harmless to a human body and performs nerve stimulation treatment using this power source, and then causes biodegradation at a desired timing after the treatment is completed.

Abstract: A display device includes a plurality of pixels, a power supply, a voltmeter, and a timing controller. The power supply is configured to generate an initialization voltage to be supplied to a sensing pixel among the pixels. The voltmeter is configured to measure a first value of the initialization voltage supplied to the sensing pixel during an active period of a frame period and a second value of the initialization voltage supplied to the sensing pixel during a vertical blank period of the frame period. The timing controller is configured to generate rewrite image data that is supplied to the sensing pixel during the vertical blank period. The rewrite image data is generated from image data applied to the pixels during the active period and a difference between the first and second values.

Abstract: Provided is a heat exchanger heat transfer enhancement device, and in particular, to a heat exchanger heat transfer enhancement device by allowing a fluid flowing into a heat exchanger to form a uniform flow field. A flow distribution device is disposed at an inlet of a pipe through which a fluid is introduced, and the flow distribution device includes a plurality of holes formed on a circumferential surface and an end portion to distribute the fluid to the center and the periphery. Also, a flange is formed at one end and coupled between the pipe and a diffusion portion. The distributed fluid passes through a heat exchanger, and here, one or more screens are disposed to make a flow field of the fluid more uniform.

Abstract: A semiconductor device includes: first and second channel structures spaced apart from each other in a first direction; and a source/drain pattern, between the first and second channel structures, including a first interface contacting the first channel structure and a second interface contacting the second channel structure, wherein, in a plan view, the source/drain pattern includes first and second side walls opposite to each other in a second direction, the first side wall includes a first sloped side wall, a second sloped side wall, and a first horizontal intersection at which the first and second sloped side walls meet, a width of the first interface is different from a width of the second interface, in the second direction, and a distance from the first interface to the first horizontal intersection is greater than a distance from the second interface to the first horizontal intersection, in the first direction.

Abstract: An embodiment of the invention provides a display device including: a substrate; a first transistor comprising a first semiconductor layer and a second transistor comprising a second semiconductor layer, the first and second semiconductor layers positioned on the substrate; a light emitting diode connected to the first transistor, wherein: the first transistor is a driving transistor; the second transistor is a switching transistor; a first concentration of fluorine included in the first semiconductor layer is higher than a second concentration of fluorine in the second semiconductor layer; and a first difference between the first and second concentrations substantially at or near a first interface of the first and second semiconductor layers is larger than a second difference between the first and second concentrations at a second interface of the first and second semiconductor layers, the second interface further from the substrate than the first interface.

Abstract: A needle and a syringe using the same according to the present disclosure include a needle provided in a device for injecting a medicinal liquid through a skin layer, and including outlets formed along the longitudinal direction of the needle between one end of the needle connected to an accommodating part of the device containing the medicinal liquid and the other end of the needle for penetrating the skin layer, so that the medicinal liquid is evenly injected into a skin tissue in the lower portion of the skin layer, wherein the outlets are formed in a first section between the other end and a location corresponding to a tendon membrane located inside the skin tissue in a state of penetrating the skin layer, and a second section between the location corresponding to the tendon membrane and the one end, respectively, so that the medicinal liquid is evenly injected around the tendon membrane, and a syringe using such needle is also provided.

Abstract: In a display device, each of pixels includes a light emitting element and a pixel circuit which is connected to the light emitting element at a first node and drives the light emitting element in response to a corresponding driving scan signal among driving scan signals during a display period. The pixel circuit is connected to a corresponding readout line among readout lines at a second node. The sensing circuit senses a potential of the first node through the corresponding readout line during a blank period, and each of frames includes the display period and the blank period. At least two driving scan signals among the driving scan signals respectively include a plurality of rewriting periods, each of which is activated during the blank period corresponding thereto, and the rewriting periods of the driving scan signals have different durations from each other.

Abstract: Disclosed is an apparatus and method for controlling power of a parallel multi pack system. The power control apparatus includes first to nth sensor units measuring operation characteristic values of first to nth battery packs connected in parallel; a power management unit controlling a power consumed in a load or a power provided by a charging device; and a multi pack management unit that: determines a pack resistance of each of the battery packs based on the operation characteristic value of each battery pack received from the sensor units, determines a minimum available power among available powers respectively corresponding to the pack resistances of the battery packs, determines a total power of the parallel multi pack system so the pack power of a battery pack having a lowest pack resistance becomes identical to the minimum available power, and transmit the determined total power to the power management unit.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a wire pad in a pad area, first banks in a display area, electrodes on the first banks, a pad electrode base layer on the wire pad, having a greater width than the wire pad, and covering sides of the wire pad, a first insulating layer covering parts of the electrodes and part of the pad electrode base layer, light-emitting elements on the first insulating layer in the display area, respective ends of the light-emitting elements being on different electrodes, contact electrodes on the electrodes and contacting first ends of the light-emitting elements, and a pad electrode upper layer on the first insulating layer in the pad area and directly contacting the pad electrode base layer, wherein the pad electrode base layer includes the same material as the electrodes, and the pad electrode upper layer includes the same material as the contact electrodes.

Abstract: A display device and a manufacturing method thereof are provided. A display device includes: a substrate; a first electrode and a second electrode on the substrate, the first electrode and the second electrode being arranged on a same layer to be spaced apart from each other; a first insulating layer on the first electrode and the second electrode; and a light emitting element on the first insulating layer. The first insulating layer includes a groove concave toward the substrate, and the light emitting element is in the groove.

Abstract: In a display device, each of pixels includes a light emitting element and a pixel circuit which is connected to the light emitting element at a first node and drives the light emitting element in response to a corresponding driving scan signal among driving scan signals during a display period. The pixel circuit is connected to a corresponding readout line among readout lines at a second node. The sensing circuit senses a potential of the first node through the corresponding readout line during a blank period, and each of frames includes the display period and the blank period. At least two driving scan signals among the driving scan signals respectively include a plurality of rewriting periods, each of which is activated during the blank period corresponding thereto, and the rewriting periods of the driving scan signals have different durations from each other.

Abstract: A transmitting device is configured to generate a first encoded symbol and a second encoded symbol by encoding a first burst and a second burst, respectively. The transmitting device is configured to generate a first transmitting symbol and a second transmitting symbol by selectively inverting the first and second encoded symbols on the basis of a logic level of a bit with a specific sequence number of each of a previously generated transmitting symbol and the first burst.

Abstract: A display device, includes: a scan driver configured to sequentially supply scan signals having a turn-on level to the first scan line and the second scan line during a first period and to concurrently supply scan signals having a turn-on level to the first scan line and the second scan line during a second period after the first period, wherein: a mask period corresponds to a difference between a start point of the second period and a start point of the first period in a next frame period, a first frame period and a second frame period have different mask periods, a third frame period between the first frame period and the second frame period has a same mask period as the first frame period, and a fourth frame period between the first frame period and the second frame period has a same mask period as the second frame period.

Abstract: A display device includes a bank layer disposed on a substrate and defining an emission area, a first to sixth alignment electrodes, each disposed on the substrate extending across the emission area, spaced apart from each other, and sequentially arranged in a direction, a first light emitting element disposed between the first alignment electrode and the second alignment electrode in the emission area and emitting first light, a second light emitting element disposed between the third alignment electrode and the fourth alignment electrode in the emission area and emitting second light, and a third light emitting element disposed between the fifth alignment electrode and the sixth alignment electrode in the emission area and emitting third light. Wavelengths of the first light, the second light, and the third light are different from each other.