Abstract: A medical image processing apparatus and a medical image processing method that can reduce the noise bias of a corrected image in which high absorber artifacts included in a reconstructed image are corrected. The medical image processing apparatus has an arithmetic unit for correcting high absorber artifacts. The arithmetic unit comprises: a projection data generating section that generates projection data corresponding to a high absorber area in a reconstructed image with high absorber artifacts; a noise image generating section that generates a noise image using the projection data; and a weighted combining section that makes a weighted combining of the noise image with a corrected image in which high absorber artifacts are corrected.

Abstract: Provided is an X-ray CT apparatus including a learned model generated by acquiring one or more learning data sets from one imaging without increasing exposure of a subject, and performing machine learning using the acquired learning set. The learned model is a model after learning in which a low-quality image is input data and a high-quality image is training data. The low-quality image and the high-quality image are obtained based on the same learning measurement data or learning projection data obtained by logarithmically converting the learning measurement data. The low-quality image is a CT image reconstructed from partial data obtained by dividing the learning measurement data or the learning projection data, and the high-quality image is a CT image obtained by reconstructing the learning projection data.

Abstract: In a semiconductor device, a semiconductor substrate has an element region and a peripheral region, and trenches are defined on an upper surface of the semiconductor substrate. The trenches extend in a first direction, and are arranged at intervals in a second direction. The element region includes an n-type source region, a p-type contact region, a p-type body region, an n-type drift region, a p-type bottom region, and p-type connection regions. The bottom region is spaced from a bottom surface of the trenches. The connection regions connect the body region and the bottom region, extend in the first direction, and are arranged at intervals in the second direction. The element region has outer side portions and a central portion in the second direction. An interval between the connection regions in the second direction is greater in the outer side portion than in the central portion.

Abstract: There is provided a PCCT apparatus capable of correcting a band artifact of one material decomposition image and a band artifact of another material decomposition image. The PCCT apparatus obtains projection data divided into plural energy bins by irradiating a subject with X-rays, and includes: a first correction unit that corrects a band artifact of a first material decomposition image among plural material decomposition images created on the basis of the projection data, and calculates a first correction amount that is a correction amount for the band artifact; an energy calculation unit that calculates an average energy of X-rays that transmit the subject; and a second correction unit that corrects the band artifact of a second material decomposition image using a second correction amount that is a correction amount calculated on the basis of the first correction amount and the average energy.

Abstract: The present invention provides a hydrogen storage and release material including a two-dimensional hydrogen boride-containing sheet including a two-dimensional network containing n(HxBy) (n?4, 0.001?x/y?0.999) having a molar ratio of boron to hydrogen from 1:0.999 to 1:0.001, the molar ratio being determined by thermal desorption spectroscopy, and mass measurement before and after a temperature rise, wherein the hydrogen storage and release material has: peaks derived from B1s of boron at 187.5±1.0 eV and 191.2±1.0 eV to 193±1.0 eV in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and a peak derived from a B—H stretching vibration at from 2400 cm?1 to 2600 cm?1 and also a peak derived from a B—H—B stretching vibration at from 1200 cm?1 to 1800 cm?1 in infrared spectroscopy.

Abstract: A medical image processing apparatus and a medical image processing method are provided which are capable of reducing metal artifacts and preserving the image quality even in a region less affected by metal artifacts. The medical image processing apparatus includes an arithmetic section that reconstructs a tomographic image from projection data of an object under examination including a metal. The arithmetic section acquires a machine learning output image that is output when the tomographic image is input to a machine learning engine that machine-learns to reduce metal artifacts, and the arithmetic section composites the machine learning output image and the tomographic image to generate a composite image.

Abstract: There are a medical image processing apparatus and a medical image processing method that are capable of maintaining the estimation accuracy of noise intensity even though a system noise ratio rises. A medical image processing apparatus includes a difference image generating unit that divides projection data obtained by applying radiation to an examinee to create a difference image between tomographic images reconstructed for every divided piece of projection data; a local variance computing unit that computes local variance in the difference image; and a noise estimation unit that corrects the local variance using a correction function found in advance to estimate noise intensity of a tomographic image of the examinee. The correction function includes system noise.

Abstract: A reducing material including a two-dimensional hydrogen boride-containing sheet having a two-dimensional network composed of (BH)n (n?4). A composite including a two-dimensional hydrogen boride-containing sheet having a two-dimensional network composed of (BH)n (n?4) and a metal nanoparticle. A reduction method including: a step of dispersing the reducing material according to any one of Claims 1 to 5 in an organic solvent to prepare a dispersion liquid containing the reducing material; and a step of reducing a metal ion having a redox potential which is given as a standard electrode potential of ?0.26 V/SHE or higher by mixing the dispersion liquid with the metal ion.

Abstract: Even a windmill artifact including a high-frequency component in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis can be reduced and a boundary of an organ can be made to be clear to maintain the contrast. The invention relates to a medical image processing device and includes an image acquiring unit that acquires a 3D volumetric image, a Z high-frequency image generating unit that generates a Z high-frequency image which is a high-frequency component in a rotation axis direction from the 3D volumetric image, an organ component extracting unit that extracts an organ component from the Z high-frequency image, an artifact component extracting unit that extracts an artifact component on the basis of the Z high-frequency image and the organ component, and a corrected image generating unit that generates a corrected image by subtracting the artifact component from the 3D volumetric image.

Abstract: Even a windmill artifact including a high-frequency component in a plane perpendicular to a rotation axis can be reduced and a boundary of an organ can be made to be clear to maintain the contrast. The invention relates to a medical image processing device and includes an image acquiring unit that acquires a 3D volumetric image, a Z high-frequency image generating unit that generates a Z high-frequency image which is a high-frequency component in a rotation axis direction from the 3D volumetric image, an organ component extracting unit that extracts an organ component from the Z high-frequency image, an artifact component extracting unit that extracts an artifact component on the basis of the Z high-frequency image and the organ component, and a corrected image generating unit that generates a corrected image by subtracting the artifact component from the 3D volumetric image.

Abstract: In order to determine noise intensity more accurately by a projection data division method using data after fan-parallel conversion, a plurality of projection data obtained by irradiating a scan object with radiations are received and subjected to prescribed data conversion; data after the conversion is divided into two or more sets; a reconstructed image is generated for each set of data; and the generated reconstructed image for each of the sets is subtracted to generate a difference image. An index indicating pixel value variation for at least one prescribed region on the difference image is calculated, the value of the index is corrected by a previously calculated correction value, and the corrected index value is regarded as noise intensity of the region.

Abstract: A reconstruction image is generated with a small number of updates, with the use of an iterative approximation method. A specified tomographic image of a subject is received, and a process is performed two or more times, where an update process is performed according to the iterative approximation method, using the tomographic image as an initial image and an update image is obtained. Then, an update vector corresponding to a difference between thus generated update images of the update process performed twice is multiplied by predetermined coefficients, so as to generate an estimated update vector. Using this vector, an update image is generated. Then, this update image is used as a new initial image, and a process is repeated where the update process is performed according to the iterative approximation method and an update image is obtained, thereby generating a tomographic image of the subject.

Abstract: In order to provide an X-ray CT apparatus which can reconstruct a tomographic image with less unevenness in image quality at a high speed on the basis of projection data which is obtained by irradiating an object with X-rays, the X-ray CT apparatus of the invention includes an inverse projection phase width setting unit that sets an inverse projection phase width which is an angular width of projection data used for reconstruction, for each tomographic image, and a view weight calculation unit that calculates a view weight which is a weight coefficient multiplied by projection data within the inverse projection phase width and is a function of a view angle, for each position of a pixel of a tomographic image.

Abstract: In order to provide a data processing device and the like, capable of performing highly accurate reference correction even in a case where an object protrudes in reference channels in most of the measurement views, an image processing device (data processing device) of an X-ray CT apparatus calculates a unit air calibration reference value which is a value per unit tube current of an air calibration reference value which is reference data measured during air calibration, calculates a reference value (estimated reference value) corresponding to an X-ray condition in the main scanning on the basis of an output tube current value in the main scanning and a unit air calibration reference value, and corrects normalized reference data obtained by normalizing a measured reference value in the main scanning with the estimated reference value, to be included in an allowable error range, so as to remove the influence of protrusion.

Abstract: In order to reduce a metal artifact using a short process, without causing image quality deterioration, when a subject containing metal is imaged in an X-ray CT apparatus, the invention is such that a high frequency component is extracted utilizing the fact that a high frequency component is a structure in error projection data, which are a difference between primary corrected projection data wherein at least one portion of an artifact component caused by metal has been removed and photographed projection data acquired by imaging. The high frequency component, extracted while carrying out weighting in order to suppress the metal artifact, is restored to the primary corrected projection data, after which an image is reconstructed. Also, metal projection data used when compiling the primary corrected projection data are calculated from a value that is a CT value corresponding to soft tissue subtracted from a CT value of a metal region.

Abstract: In a case where helical scanning, etc., is performed in an X-ray CT apparatus, upsampled projection data that more approximates to an observed value is obtained. There is provided an X-ray CT apparatus that improves spatial resolution of an overall effective field of view without reducing rotation speed, in an FFS method of acquiring projection data through moving of an X-ray focus position to a plurality of positions. The X-ray CT apparatus: converts projection data acquired through helical scanning into projection data of normal scanning performed by one rotation; generates a virtual-counter-data space in which virtual counter data are acquired on substantially coincident X-ray transmission path in the converted projection data; performs upsampling in a view direction; and similarly upsamples FFS projection data in the view direction for focus-shifted projection data obtained by performing the helical scanning while causing the X-ray focus position to shift (virtual counter data space generation).

Abstract: In order to determine noise intensity more accurately by a projection data division method using data after fan-parallel conversion, a plurality of projection data obtained by irradiating a scan object with radiations are received and subjected to prescribed data conversion; data after the conversion is divided into two or more sets; a reconstructed image is generated for each set of data; and the generated reconstructed image for each of the sets is subtracted to generate a difference image. An index indicating pixel value variation for at least one prescribed region on the difference image is calculated, the value of the index is corrected by a previously calculated correction value, and the corrected index value is regarded as noise intensity of the region.

Abstract: An X-ray CT apparatus includes an extraction unit that acquires air data measured using the X-ray CT apparatus and the measurement data obtained by scanning the object, that extracts sensitivity variation data which is a sensitivity variation component of a detection element from the air data, and that extracts blank data from which the sensitivity variation component is removed, and a projection data generation unit that removes the sensitivity variation component and noise which are included in the measurement data, based on the sensitivity variation data, and that uses the blank data so as to perform a correction process of the measurement data from which the sensitivity variation component and the noise are removed.

Abstract: In order to reduce a metal artifact using a short process, without causing image quality deterioration, when a subject containing metal is imaged in an X-ray CT apparatus, the invention is such that a high frequency component is extracted utilizing the fact that a high frequency component is a structure in error projection data, which are a difference between primary corrected projection data wherein at least one portion of an artifact component caused by metal has been removed and photographed projection data acquired by imaging. The high frequency component, extracted while carrying out weighting in order to suppress the metal artifact, is restored to the primary corrected projection data, after which an image is reconstructed. Also, metal projection data used when compiling the primary corrected projection data are calculated from a value that is a CT value corresponding to soft tissue subtracted from a CT value of a metal region.

Abstract: A reconstruction image is generated with a small number of updates, with the use of an iterative approximation method. A specified tomographic image of a subject is received, and a process is performed two or more times, where an update process is performed according to the iterative approximation method, using the tomographic image as an initial image and an update image is obtained. Then, an update vector corresponding to a difference between thus generated update images of the update process performed twice is multiplied by predetermined coefficients, so as to generate an estimated update vector. Using this vector, an update image is generated. Then, this update image is used as a new initial image, and a process is repeated where the update process is performed according to the iterative approximation method and an update image is obtained, thereby generating a tomographic image of the subject.