Abstract: An illumination device detecting section (6) detects data on the position of each illumination device (7) installed in the audio-visual environment space for a viewer. An illumination control data generating section (9) generates illumination control data for controlling each illumination device installed in the audio-visual environment space for the viewer, with use of the data on the position of each illumination device (7). The illumination control data allows suitable control of each illumination device installed in the audio-visual environment space for the viewer, in correspondence with its installation position, thereby improving the realistic atmosphere obtained by the viewer.

Abstract: High resolution vertical and horizontal components of a high definition video signal are combined with a standard broadcast system video signal, such as the NTSC system, in which high frequency horizontal resolution components are sampled and used to modulate at least a first sub-carrier signal. The first sub-carrier is frequency interleaved onto the standard broadcast signal. Vertical high resolution components are time compressed and time division multiplexed onto top and bottom portions of the standard broadcast signal. The modified broadcast signal can be decoded by a standard receiver to display a standard resolution video image, while receivers designed to decode the modified signal can time division demultiplex the vertical high resolution components and demodulate the horizontal high resolution components, combine these components with the standard components, and generate a high definition video image.

Abstract: A signal transmission system for high definition television that can handle a second television signal which is superior in quality to a first television signal such as an NTSC (National Television System Committee) television signal. The transmitting end of the system transmits a first television signal including a video signal, audio signals, etc., through a main transmission line, as well as a third television signal including a high definition components obtained as the difference between the second and the first television signal through an auxiliary transmission line. The receiving end of the system receives and synthesizes the first television signal transmitted through the main transmission line and the third television signal transmitted through the auxiliary transmission line to produce the second television signal.

Abstract: A method and system for multiplexing additional audio information in the form of pulse code modulation (PCM) audio signals onto a television signal. The PCM audio signal is time multiplexed into scanning retrace intervals of the video signal. At a receiver, the bit error rate of the decoded PCM audio signal is compared with a threshold so as to switch the audio output from the PCM audio signal to a conventional FM demodulated audio signal when the bit error rate exceeds the predetermined threshold. In this way, the benefits of both PCM audio and FM audio can be obtained by utilizing the higher immunity of FM signals in low signal-to-noise ratio environments, while the high fidelity PCM audio signal is utilized when the signal-to-noise ratio environment is relatively high.

Abstract: A multiple sub-sampling encoding/decoding system performing interfield and interframe offset sub-sampling of a broad bandwidth television signal. The system compresses the television signal to fit, for example, to the transmission bandwidth of the standard television systems, compensates the transmission characteristics, and achieves the optimal frequency allocation of the modulated transmission signal.

Abstract: In an apparatus for detecting movement of a television image in response to frame difference data corresponding to a difference between present frame data and previous frame data, a video signal is divided into a plurality of segmental areas for each frame, a pixel or picture element is selected to represent each of the segmental areas, frame difference data are produced for each of the segmental areas by calculating differences in the position or coordinates of a pixel representative of a segmental area of a previous frame from the respective picture element of the corresponding segmental area in the present frame, and each of the calculated differences smaller than a predetermined magnitude, and which would be characteristic of a stationary background portion of the television image, is omitted from the frame difference data. This is effective to improve the movement vector detection accuracy.

Abstract: Image movement correction is provided in a field conversion television system by deriving simultaneously two fields of a selected number of lines from an original single field and vertically shifting one of the derived fields by 0.5 lines. A movement vector is determined for each field and movement correction is performed based on a current field and a preceding field, in the case of a moving object in the image. If no moving object is present linear approximation is employed to correct for motion caused by the field number conversion. Two memory systems are provided for the two simultaneous fields and also to selectively obtain specific horizontal lines of the current and preceding fields, relative to both simultaneous derived fields. Ultimate selection of a field for display is based upon the detected movement vector.

Abstract: The picture quality deterioration such as judder caused by TV frame number conversion can be mitigated by selecting either the stationary original picture signal or the motion-compensated interpolated picture signal based on the most adaptive motion vector corresponding to the smallest interframe difference between the original picture signal and the motion-compensated picture signals based on the motion vectors individually detected from divisional picture areas. The effect of this mitigation can be increased by weighting the detected motion vectors and by smoothing the contour between motion-compensated picture areas with the aid of filtering.

Abstract: A picture signal processing for converting a wideband high quality picture signal between interlace and sequential scanning systems is effected through a spatio-temporal filter based on multi-dimensional coordinates consisting of at least vertical frequency and temporal frequency axes. A passing region of the spatio-temporal filter is restricted to lower regions of the multi-dimensional coordinates including an origin thereof for separating original picture signal components from unnecessary signal components generated by the scanning conversion in order to maintain the high picture quality. The performance of the spatio-temporal filter is improved in consideration of the motion of the picture and the ambiguous contour of the still picture which is caused by the scanning conversion.