Abstract: An object to be measured is measured using microwave radiation. Oscillation energy is generated by means of a feedback coupled active unit. The solution involves generating resonance into at least one oscillator, each oscillator comprising at least one open resonator, each resonator being coupled to at least one active unit, by using the object to be measured as a functional part of the resonator, the object to be measured causing a resonance frequency dependent on the location of a surface of the object to be measured to be generated in each oscillator. A measurement part determines at least one characteristic of the object to be measured on the basis of the resonance frequency of each oscillator.

Abstract: An object to be measured is measured using microwave radiation. Oscillation energy is generated by means of a feedback coupled active unit. The solution involves generating resonance into at least one oscillator, each oscillator comprising at least one open resonator, each resonator being coupled to at least one active unit, by using the object to be measured as a functional part of the resonator, the object to be measured causing a resonance frequency dependent on the location of a surface of the object to be measured to be generated in each oscillator. A measurement part determines at least one characteristic of the object to be measured on the basis of the resonance frequency of each oscillator.

Abstract: A circuit for extending the dynamic range of an electronic circuit is provided. The circuit includes a first adjustable attenuation circuit having an input and an output and a control input. The control input is adapted to receive a control signal that adjusts the relative gain of the attenuation circuit. The circuit also includes at least one additional attenuation circuit coupled in parallel with the first adjustable attenuation circuit. The at least one additional attenuation circuit has a control input that is adapted to receive a control signal that adjusts the relative gain of the at least one additional attenuation circuit. The first and the at least one additional attenuation circuits are selectively controlled to adjust the level of signals in different frequency bands so as to extend the dynamic range of signals to be processed by the electronic circuit.

Abstract: A circuit for extending the dynamic range of an electronic circuit is provided. The circuit includes a first adjustable attenuation circuit having an input and an output and a control input. The control input is adapted to receive a control signal that adjusts the relative gain of the attenuation circuit. The circuit also includes at least one additional attenuation circuit coupled in parallel with the first adjustable attenuation circuit. The at least one additional attenuation circuit has a control input that is adapted to receive a control signal that adjusts the relative gain of the at least one additional attenuation circuit. The first and the at least one additional attenuation circuits are selectively controlled to adjust the level of signals in different frequency bands so as to extend the dynamic range of signals to be processed by the electronic circuit.

Abstract: An integrated circuit for amplifying a signal and having an input that receives the signal and an output that outputs an amplified signal is provided. The integrated circuit has a first switch having at least two outputs. The first switch is coupled to the input of the integrated circuit and receives the signal from the input of the integrated circuit. In addition, the integrated circuit has a second switch having at least two inputs. The second switch is coupled to the output of the integrated circuit and transmits the amplified signal to the output of the integrated circuit. The integrated circuit has a first transistor that has a noise figure, an input coupled to one of the outputs of the first switch, and an output coupled to one of the inputs of the second switch. Moreover, the integrated circuit has a second transistor in parallel with the first transistor.