Abstract: An inertia momentum measurement method for an engine, the method including: a first step for measuring a deceleration d?e1/dt of engine output rotation at the time of reduction to a first fuel supply amount which is less than a predetermined fuel supply amount, a second step for measuring a deceleration d?e2/dt of engine output rotation at the time of reduction to a second fuel supply amount which is less than the predetermined fuel supply amount, and a third step for determining the total inertia momentum It on the basis of the following Expression (1): It=(??Te2+?Te1)/(d?e/dt?d?e1/dt) ??(1) where ?Te1 is an engine driving torque of the engine corresponding to the first fuel supply amount; and ?Te2 is an engine driving torque of the engine corresponding to the second fuel supply amount.

Abstract: The angular deceleration d?/dt of an output shaft after switching from a driving state, in which an engine is driven by burning fuel that is supplied by a fuel supplying device into an engine cylinder space, to a measuring state, in which deceleration is caused by suppressing the combustion of fuel in the engine cylinder space, is measured, and a friction loss in the engine is determined on the basis of the measured friction torque Tf of the engine determined by Expression Tf=It×d?/dt), where It is the moment of inertia for the entire drive system of the engine, and the friction torque correction quantity corresponding to a work correction quantity performed by post-combustion dripping generated in the engine cylinder space after switching from the driving state to the measuring state.

Abstract: A fuel injection system has a fuel injection pump (1) having a plunger (1A) disposed in a pressure chamber (1D) and actuatable by a cam (2), and a solenoid-operated valve (6) connected to an injection pipe (4) communicating between the fuel injection pump (1) and a fuel injection nozzle (3), the solenoid-operated valve (6) being disposed near the fuel injection nozzle (3). A controller (C) has an injection advance map and an injection period map both depending on the rotational speed (9) of an engine and the load (10) on the engine. The controller (C) opens and closes the solenoid-operated valve (6) for controlling the supply of fuel from the fuel injection pump (1) to the fuel injection nozzle (3). Since the solenoid-operated valve (6) is disposed near the fuel injection nozzle (3), the fuel can well be cut off when the injection of the fuel is finished, thus reducing HC in exhaust gases and improving fuel economy.

Abstract: Diesel fuel is stored in a first fuel tank, while water is stored in a second fuel tank. To use an emulsion fuel, diesel fuel and water are mixed and are caused to enter an injection pipe through a junction located between an injection pump and an injection nozzle. The emulsion fuel is injected through the injection nozzle. The engine is also equipped with exhaust gas recirculation devices to return a portion of the exhaust gas of the engine to an intake pipe of the engine so that some of the exhaust gas is recirculated.

Abstract: The invention relates to an emulsion fuel engine which uses an emulsion fuel as a fuel and contemplates provision of an emulsion fuel engine which prevents inadvertent failure in starting caused by separation of emulsion fuel and deterioration of the durability of parts of an injection system and is reduced in production of NOx or soot and in specific fuel consumption. The emulsion fuel engine comprises a fuel injection pump for supplying a first fuel to a fuel injection nozzle, and emulsion fuel supplying means for supplying an emulsion fuel, which is obtained by emulsifying the first fuel and a second fuel which is insoluble to the first fuel, to an injection pipe between the fuel injection pump and the fuel injection nozzle.

Abstract: Variable swirl intake apparatus (24) controls a swirl of intake air in cylinder chamber (22) of an engine.

Abstract: Variable swirl intake apparatus 24 controls a swirl of intake air in cylinder chamber 22 of an engine. Variable swirl intake apparatus 24 has intake port 25 which has entrance portion 25a formed on cylinder head 23 of the engine and extending from the side surface of cylinder head 23 and swirl chamber 25b which communicates with entrance portion 25a and is formed to provide a swirl to a gas flow flowing from entrance portion 25a, intake valve 26, arranged on the lower surface of cylinder head 23, for opening/closing between swirl chamber 25b and cylinder chamber 22 of the engine, swirl control path 28, one end of which is open to swirl chamber 25a on the side of entrance portion 25a with respect to a line connecting the axis along a piston sliding direction at the center of cylinder chamber 22 and the axis of the intake valve, and the other end of which is open to the side surface of cylinder head 23, and a control apparatus 29 for controlling a gas flow into swirl control path 28.