Abstract: A smoke detector includes: a casing; a first light emitting unit; a second light emitting unit; and a light receiving unit. A second scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a second extension extending from an intersection of the second emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the second light emitting unit is larger than a first scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a first extension extending from an intersection of the first emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the first light emitting unit.

Abstract: A composition for inhibiting proliferation of influenza virus has fermented rice bran powder produced using non-pathogenic microbes that include, as cellulolytic bacteria, at least three Bacillus species, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens M-4 (deposit number: NITE P-02538 and NITE BP-02538), Bacillus subtilis M-5 (deposit number: NITE P-02539 and NITE BP-02539) and the Bacillus subtilis-related species Bacillus sp. M-6 (deposit number: NITE P-02940 and NITE BP-02940), and at least one Paenibacillus species, Paenibacillus cineris M-9 (deposit numbers: NITE AP-03304 and NITE BP-03304).

Abstract: There is disclosed a method for determining an endotoxin by reacting the endotoxin adsorbed on an adsorbent having specific endotoxin adsorbability with an endotoxin detecting reagent, including the steps of:(a) preparing a column having a tip opening, a rear end opening and an adsorbent-filling and holding means provided in the column through which a sample solution can pass,(b) introducing the endotoxin adsorbent into the column through the tip opening to fill and hold the adsorbent therein,(c) introducing the sample solution into the column through the tip opening and discharging the introduced sample solution through the rear end opening to contact the sample and the adsorbent and thereby adsorbing the endotoxin on the adsorbent, and(d) reacting the detecting reagent with the endotoxin adsorbed on the adsorbent.There is also disclosed an apparatus for the above method.

Abstract: A method for determination of a pyrogen content which comprises bringing a specimen into contact with an adsorbent composed of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound bonded to a water-insoluble carrier directly or through a spacer, and after or without eluting the pyrogen adsorbed on the adsorbent, determining the content of the adsorbed pyrogen by the Limulus method.

Abstract: Pyrogens are removed out of a solution thereof by (1) treating the solution with a membrane and then (2) treating the resulting solution with a pyrogen adsorbent. The obtained solution is useful in pharmaceutical fields.

Abstract: A method for removing a pyrogen from a solution of a pyrogen-containing substance such as an amino acid, a nucleic acid base, an antibiotic, a hormone, a vitamin, an enzyme, an antibody or the like comprising contacting the solution with an adsorbent to adsorb the pyrogen, which is characterized in that the adsorbent comprises a water-insoluble carrier and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound of the formula:R--A--Xwherein R is a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group; A is single bond, alkylene or alkenylene; X is hydrogen or a functional group; and the heterocyclic group and alkylene may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents, and the compound being bonded to the carrier directly or through a spacer.

Abstract: An immobilized aminoacylase preparation is obtained by adsorbing tannin on a water-insoluble, hydrophilic carrier to give a water-insoluble tannin preparation, adsorbing aminoacylase on the tannin preparation to give a water-insoluble tannin-aminoacylase preparation, and then binding ferric or ferrous ion thereto. The immobilized preparation obtained above sustains a high rate of enzymatic activity for a long period of time when used in an enzymatic reaction thereof with N-acyl-DL-amino acids.

Abstract: A water-insoluble tannin preparation is obtained by covalent binding or physical adsorption of tannin onto a water-insoluble, hydrophilic carrier. The preparation has a specific affinity for proteins and can be used as an adsorbent for purification, isolation and/or separation of proteins (e.g., Enzymes, albumin, globulin, hormonal proteins) from a mixture of compounds. Further, the water-insoluble tannin preparation having a catalytically active enzyme absorbed thereon can be used as a heterogeneous catalyst to induce enzymatic reactions.