Abstract: A method for producing optical films is provided which comprises the steps of: melt-extruding a thermoplastic resin into a film through a die of an extruder, pressing the melt-extruded thermoplastic resin layer together with a supporting layer between a cooling roll which is made of metal or ceramic and a rubber roll which is pressed against the cooling roll and rolled in the same circumferential direction, carrying the thermoplastic resin layer together with the supporting layer under taking off tension until the thermoplastic resin layer is cooled down, and peeling and separating the supporting layer from the thermoplastic resin layer to obtain a thermoplastic resin film. Optical films are provided by a melt-extrusion method which have less optical surface defects such as die lines and gear marks and less fluctuations in film thickness and have uniform optical characteristics, which are useful as a material for various optical films used in liquid crystal displays, especially, a retardation film.

Abstract: Disclosed is a foamed synthetic fiber characterized in that an organic solvent solution of a thermoplastic polymer admixed with 3-100 weight percent of a compound scarcely soluble or insoluble in the aqueous coagulating bath for wet spinning, which is liquid under normal pressure and has a boiling point of 120.degree. C. or less, as foaming agent is injected as spinning dope into said aqueous coagulating bath and it is foamed in a drying atmosphere at the boiling point or more of the foaming agent and 100.degree. C. or more and has an expansion ratio of 3 percent or more, and the manufacturing method thereof. The foamed synthetic fiber of the present invention is light and bulky, being excellent in warmth-keeping and heat-insulating performance with its appearance, touch and development of color similar to those of an animal hair.

Abstract: A pile composition comprising as pile fibers 20 to 98% by weight of shrinkable fibers which are at least 15% in shrinkage and up to 0.230 in coefficient of static friction between the fibers. The pile obtained is outstanding in appearance, hand and draping property.

Abstract: Acrylic synthetic fibers having excellent touch and luster properties are produced, wherein such fibers are prepared from a copolymer comprising 30 weight % or more of acrylonitrile, 70 weight % and less of vinyl chloride and/or vinylidene chloride and from 0 to 10 weight % of other polymerizable vinyl monomers. The copolymer also contains at least one metallic compound which is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 8.0 parts per 100 parts of copolymer and, additionally, at least one cellulose derivative which is present in an amount from 1.0 to 8.0 parts per 100 parts of the copolymer. Fibers produced from such copolymer have the touch and luster very similar to natural animal hair.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing acrylic fibers free from delustering in boiling water, comprises the steps of forming a spinning solution by dissolving in a solvent of acetone, acetonitrile, dimethylformamide and mixtures thereof, (a) a copolymer consisting of (1) 30 - 80% acrylonitril and (2) 70 - 20% vinyl chloride or vinylidenechloride, or (b) a tripolymer consisting of (1), (2) and (3) 3.0% or less by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomer having hydrophilic groups, and adding one or more compound selected from the group of (1) homopolymer or copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and (2) specific organic tin compounds, and spinning said spinning solution into a first bath consisting of 60% or less said organic solvent-water and leading said yarn in a 2nd bath consisting of 61 - 85% said organic solvent-water and then in a 3rd and more bath consisting of less than 60% said organic solvent-water and drying, drawing out and annealing said yarn by ordinary methods.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing acrylic fibers free from delustering in boiling water, comprises the steps of forming a spinning solution by dissolving in a solvent of Aceton et al, (a) a copolymer consisting of (1) 30 - 80% acrylonitril and (2) 70 - 20% vinyl chloride or vinylidenechloride, or (b) a tripolymer consisting of (1), (2) and (3) 3.0% or less by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomer having hydrophilic radicals, and adding one or more compound selected from the group of (1) homopolymer or copolymer of glycidyl methacrylate and (2) specific organic tin compounds, and spinning said spinning solution into a first bath consisting of 60% or less said organic solvent-water and leading said yarn in a 2nd bath consisting of 61 - 85% said organic solvent-water and then in a 3rd and more bath consisting of less than 60% said organic solvent-water and drying, drawing out and annealing said yarn by ordinary methods.