Abstract: In an optical disk manufacturable by a conventional recording medium manufacturing method and that is capable of performing recording with an information recording apparatus used to perform recording on conventional recording mediums, and a data recording apparatus for recording contents data, an optical disk has a structure in which a first substrate and a second substrate are bonded together, the first substrate is provided with a recording layer in which contents data is recorded, and the second substrate is provided with a visual information recording layer in which information enabling visual recognition of, for example, the contents of contents data or a title of the contents data is recorded as visual information.

Abstract: A modeling composition is provided. The modeling composition is semi-water based as it includes both water and oil. In one embodiment, the modeling composition includes reverse osmosis water, polymer resin, oils, filler and calcium chloride. Additional components may also be included in the composition such as propylene glycol, sorbitol, pigments, preservatives and other components.

Abstract: A clay modeling composition and method of manufacture are provided. In one embodiment, the modeling compositions includes reverse osmosis water (50-70 wt %), polymer resin (15-25 wt %), polyethylene glycol (1-10 wt %), lightweight filler (1-5 wt %), sodium tetraborate (0.30-4.0 wt %), glycerin (1-10 wt %), propylene glycol (1-15 wt %), sorbitol (3-28 wt %) and preservatives (0.1-1.0 wt %).

Abstract: An optical module includes an active optical component, an optical fiber, a beam shaping optical component and a positioning device. The optical fiber is arranged with respect to the active optical component to be capable of propagating light along an optical path between the active optical component and the optical fiber. The beam shaping optical component is located in the optical path between the optical fiber and the active optical component. The positioning device is for moving either the beam shaping optical component with respect to the optical fiber, the beam shaping optical component with respect to the active optical component, or the active optical component with respect to the optical fiber, or a combination.

Abstract: Provided is an optical disk manufacturable by a conventional recording medium manufacturing method and that is capable of performing recording with an information recording apparatus used to perform recording on conventional recording mediums, and a data recording apparatus for recording contents data. An optical disk 100 has a structure in which a first substrate 110 and a second substrate 120 are bonded together. The first substrate is provided with a recording layer in which contents data is recorded, and the second substrate is provided with a visual information recording layer in which information enabling visual recognition of, for example, the contents of contents data or a title of the contents data is recorded as visual information.