Abstract: A mobile body system for managing a mobile body that moves within a predetermined area includes a mobile body associated with a guest group including one or more guests, and a managing apparatus configured to manage an outer appearance of the mobile body. The managing apparatus includes an activity collector configured to collect activity information indicative of an activity of the guest within the predetermined area, and an outer appearance manager configured to change the outer appearance of the mobile body viewed by the guest based on the activity information collected by the activity collector.

Abstract: A movable filter device comprises a rotary plate for holding an optical filter, a holding plate for holding the rotary plate rotatably at a pivot point, stopper pins, and a torsion coil spring. The torsion coil spring has one end coupled to the holding plate and the other end coupled to the rotary plate, and generates a force for extending both ends thereof. The force generated by the torsion coil spring prevents the rotary plate from stopping at positions other than those defined by the stopper pins. The rotary plate has slender portions of low rigidity for absorbing the impact of collision between the rotary plate and stopper pins.

Abstract: An optical head arranged in such a manner that light emitted from a semiconductor laser (8) is inputted and coupled in a waveguide layer (3C) by a grating coupler (4C) having a concentric or spiral structure formed by concavities and convexities so as to convert light into waveguide light (12C) passing toward to outer periphery in the layer, the waveguide light (12C) is shifted at the outermost peripheral portion of the waveguide layer (3C) to a waveguide layer (3B) so as to convert the waveguide light (12C) into waveguide light (12B), the waveguide light (12B) is radiated by a grating coupler (4B) having a concentric or spiral periodical structure, the concentrically polarized (or radially polarized) light (13) is converted into linearly polarized light (14) by a polarizing element (10B) so as to be converged on the reflection surface (16) of the optical disc, light reflected from the reflection surface (16) is again converted into concentrically polarized (or radially polarized) light (17A) and (17B) by the

Abstract: The voltage signal applied between a conductive thin film (2) and a transparent conductive thin film (6) changes the aligning direction of a liquid crystal layer (5) near the surface of a waveguide layer (4) so that the refractive index of the liquid crystal (5) for waveguide light (8) is changed thereby to change the equivalent refractive index for the waveguide light (8), and thus the diffraction angle of the radiated light (9) from the waveguide layer (4) including the cyclic structure (3G) formed therein is also changed to deflect the radiated light.

Abstract: This invention provides an optical head apparatus in which a grating coupler (8), which is formed on a circular region which has a center on an axis (18) and has a periodical structure with dents and projections in a configuration of concentric circles or spirals around the axis (18), input-couples laser light (7) emitted from a semiconductor laser (5) and turns it into waveguided light (16B) which transmits in a waveguiding layer (15B). The waveguided light (16B) is converted, in a region where the waveguiding layer (15B) and a waveguiding layer (15A) overlap each other, to waveguided light (16A) which transmits in the waveguiding layer (15A). By a grating coupler (9), formed on a ring-shaped area which is located around the axis (18), which has a periodic structure with dents and projections of a configuration of concentric circles or spirals around the axis (18), the waveguided light (16A) is radiated and focused onto points (FA), (FB) and (FC) which are located on the axis (18).