Abstract: A process for producing fine particles of polyamide-imide resin includes a dissolution step and a precipitation step wherein the dissolution step is selected from steps (a1) and (b1); (a1) polyamide-imide resin is dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a polyamide-imide resin solution A1 having a polyamide-imide resin content of less than 5 mass %; and (b1) polyamide-imide resin is dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a polyamide-imide resin solution B1 having a polyamide-imide resin content of less than 10 mass %, and the precipitation step is selected from (a2) the polyamide-imide resin solution A1 is added to a solvent that is virtually free from surface active agents and able to precipitate fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin to cause precipitation of fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin, and (b2) the polyamide-imide resin solution B1 is subjected to flash crystallization to cause precipitation of fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing fine PPS resin particles and dispersion thereof by industrially applicable simple operation. This invention further provides very fine PPS resin particles, and furthermore provides fine PPS resin particles uniform in particle size. This invention is a process for producing fine polyphenylene sulfide resin particles comprising the following steps (a) and (b); (a) a step of heating a polyphenylene sulfide resin in an organic solvent, for obtaining a solution with the polyphenylene sulfide resin dissolved therein (dissolution step) (b) a step of flushing-cooling the aforementioned solution, for precipitating the fine particles of the polyphenylene sulfide resin (precipitation step).

Abstract: A process for producing fine particles of polyamide-imide resin includes a dissolution step and a precipitation step wherein the dissolution step is selected from steps (a1) and (b1); (a1) polyamide-imide resin is dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a polyamide-imide resin solution A1 having a polyamide-imide resin content of less than 5 mass %; and (b1) polyamide-imide resin is dissolved in an organic solvent to prepare a polyamide-imide resin solution B1 having a polyamide-imide resin content of less than 10 mass %, and the precipitation step is selected from (a2) the polyamide-imide resin solution A1 is added to a solvent that is virtually free from surface active agents and able to precipitate fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin to cause precipitation of fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin, and (b2) the polyamide-imide resin solution B1 is subjected to flash crystallization to cause precipitation of fine particles of the polyamide-imide resin.

Abstract: This invention provides a process for producing fine PPS resin particles and a dispersion thereof by industrially applicable simple operation. This invention further provides very fine PPS resin particles, and furthermore provides fine PPS resin particles uniform in particle size. This invention is a process for producing fine polyphenylene sulfide resin particles comprising the following steps (a) and (b): (a) A step of heating a polyphenylene sulfide resin in an organic solvent, for obtaining a solution with the polyphenylene sulfide resin dissolved therein (dissolution step) (b) A step of flush-cooling the aforementioned solution, for precipitating the fine particles of the polyphenylene sulfide resin (precipitation step).

Abstract: A rare earth magnet powder has a chemical composition which includes R: 5 to 20% (wherein, R represents one or two or more rare earth elements being inclusive of Y but exclusive of Dy and Tb), one or two of Dy and Tb: 0.01 to 10%, and B: 3 to 20%, with the balance comprising Fe and inevitable impurities; and an average particle diameter of 10 to 1,000 ?m, wherein 70% or more of the entire surface of the rare earth magnet powder is covered with a layer being rich in the content of one or two of Dy and Tb and having a thickness of 0.05 to 50 ?m.

Abstract: A rare earth magnet includes rare earth magnet particles; and amorphous and/or crystalline terbium oxide present at the boundary of the rare earth magnet particles and represented by the formula: TbOn, wherein 1.5<n?2. The rare earth magnet prevents decrease eddy current effectively.

Abstract: A Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet is produced by a method of obtaining powder of a Nd—Fe—B type rare earth magnet alloy which comprises hard magnetic phases and soft magnetic phases wherein a minimum width of the soft magnetic phases is smaller than or equal to 1 ?m and a minimum distance between the soft magnetic phases is greater than or equal to 0.1 ?m, obtaining a compressed powder body by compressing the powder, and obtaining the Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet by sintering the compressed powder body using a discharge plasma sintering unit.

Abstract: A Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet is produced by a method of obtaining powder of a Nd—Fe—B type rare earth magnet alloy which comprises hard magnetic phases and soft magnetic phases wherein a minimum width of the soft magnetic phases is smaller than or equal to 1 ?m and a minimum distance between the soft magnetic phases is greater than or equal to 0.1 ?m, obtaining a compressed powder body by compressing the powder, and obtaining the Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet by sintering the compressed powder body using a discharge plasma sintering unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare earth magnet superior in magnetic properties and thermal stability. In an aspect of the present invention, a production method of an alloy thin ribbon for a rare earth magnet includes a step to obtain a quenched thin ribbon by feeding a molten alloy containing praseodymium (Pr), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), boron (B), and silicon (Si) on a rotating roll and a step to apply heat treatment to the quenched thin ribbon at a heating rate within a range of 100° to 150° C./min to crystallize the quenched thin ribbon.

Abstract: The present invention provides a rare earth magnet superior in magnetic properties and thermal stability. In an aspect of the present invention, a production method of an alloy thin ribbon for a rare earth magnet includes a step to obtain a quenched thin ribbon by feeding a molten alloy containing praseodymium (Pr), iron (Fe), cobalt (Co), titanium (Ti), boron (B), and silicon (Si) on a rotating roll and a step to apply heat treatment to the quenched thin ribbon at a heating rate within a range of 100° to 150° C./min to crystallize the quenched thin ribbon.

Abstract: A laser peening apparatus for manufacturing a rotor using an electrical steel sheet with low iron loss for enabling high speed rotation of a motor. The laser peening apparatus includes a laser irradiating device for irradiating with a laser through a liquid the rotor made of an electrical steel sheet with low iron loss, and a drive device for moving the rotor relative to an irradiation spot of the laser so that the laser irradiates along a bridge side on an inner circumference of a magnet insertion window of the rotor.

Abstract: A rare earth magnet has a sintered body including: rare earth magnet particles; and a rare earth oxide being present between the rare earth magnet particles, the rare earth oxide being represented by a following general formula (I): R2O3 ??(I) where R is any one of terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, and lutetium. The rare earth magnet particle is constituted by a cluster of numerous crystal grains, and an electric resistivity of the rare earth magnet is within a range from 26.0 to 75.0 ??m.

Abstract: A nitrogenous heterocyclic compound such as 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative is produced by hydrogenolysis of an N-substituted nitrogenous heterocyclic compound with normal pressure hydrogen in a water-based solvent in presence of a catalyst. In the case an optically active 1-substituted-3-aminopyrrrolidine derivative is used as a raw material, an optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative can be obtained as a product practically without racemination.

Abstract: A rare earth magnet to be used in a motor. The rare earth magnet comprises rare earth magnet particles. Additionally, a rare earth oxide is present among the rare earth magnet particles, the rare earth oxide being represented by the following general formula (I): R2xR?2(1?x)O3??(I) where each of R and R? is one element selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy), holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm), ytterbium (Yb) and lutetium (Lu), and 0<x<1.

Abstract: A rare earth magnet includes rare earth magnet particles; and amorphous and/or crystalline terbium oxide present at the boundary of the rare earth magnet particles and represented by the formula: TbOn, wherein 1.5<n?2. The rare earth magnet prevents decrease eddy current effectively.

Abstract: A method for producing N-protected heterocyclic compounds such as 1-alkoxycarbonyl-3-aminopyrrolidines through position-selective reaction at the nitrogen atom that constitutes the hetero ring of a nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compound having two nitrogen atoms such as 3-aminopyrrolidine. A dialkyl dicarbonate (ROCO-O-COOR) is reacted with a nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compounds having two nitrogen atoms, at pH of from 9 to 14 to obtain a high-purity 1-alkoxycarbonyl nitrogen-containing saturated heterocyclic compound.

Abstract: A rare earth magnet to be used in a motor. The rare earth magnet comprises rare earth magnet particles.

Abstract: A Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet is produced by a method of obtaining powder of a Nd—Fe—B type rare earth magnet alloy which comprises hard magnetic phases and soft magnetic phases wherein a minimum width of the soft magnetic phases is smaller than or equal to 1 &mgr;m and a minimum distance between the soft magnetic phases is greater than or equal to 0.1 &mgr;m, obtaining a compressed powder body by compressing the powder, and obtaining the Nd—Fe—B type anisotropic exchange spring magnet by sintering the compressed powder body using a discharge plasma sintering unit.

Abstract: A method for making an optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivative represented by the formula (3) includes cyclizing an optically active asparagine ester derivative represented by the formula (1) or (2), or an acid salt thereof. A method for making an optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative represented by the formula (9) includes reducing the optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine-2,5-dione derivative represented by the formula (3). A method for making an optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative includes hydrogenolyzing the optically active 3-aminopyrrolidine derivative represented by the formula (9).