Abstract: A forward Raman amplifier includes a plurality of pumping light sources with different wavelengths and the forward Raman amplifier, according to a fiber type or a zero-dispersion wavelength of the fiber, changes the number of pumping light sources to be emitted, changes a power ratio between the plurality of pumping light sources with the different wavelengths or changes wavelength characteristics of a gain, according to a fiber type.

Abstract: Provided are: a color filter substrate that can improve the uniformity of thickness of color filters, and a method of manufacturing the color filter substrate. The method of manufacturing a color filter substrate includes: forming a plurality of photoresist films in layers on a transparent substrate; exposing said plurality of photoresist films via a photomask; forming a pattern having an opening by developing the plurality of photoresist films after exposure; and discharging ink into the opening. The photosensitivities of the plurality of photoresist films differ from each other.

Abstract: Provided are: a color filter substrate that can improve the uniformity of thickness of color filters, and a method of manufacturing the color filter substrate. The method of manufacturing a color filter substrate includes: forming a plurality of photoresist films in layers on a transparent substrate; exposing said plurality of photoresist films via a photomask; forming a pattern having an opening by developing the plurality of photoresist films after exposure; and discharging ink into the opening. The photosensitivities of the plurality of photoresist films differ from each other.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display panel which allows high quality display by suppressing a disturbance of liquid crystal molecule alignment caused by formation of liquid crystal alignment control protrusions. The liquid crystal display panel of the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, one of the pair of the substrates including a colored layer, a light-shielding layer, and walled liquid crystal alignment control protrusions projecting toward the other substrate, the liquid crystal alignment control protrusions including a main protrusion and a secondary protrusion lower than the main protrusion, the secondary protrusion being provided on the colored layer along a borderline between the colored layer and the light-shielding layer, and the total of the height of the secondary protrusion and that of the colored layer being substantially the same as the height of the light-shielding layer.

Abstract: The present invention provides a color filter substrate and a method for producing the same, in which the uniformity in thickness of a color filter can be improved. The present invention is a method for producing a color filter substrate, the method including: a step for forming a photoresist film; a step for conducting an exposure process on the photoresist film through a photomask; a step for forming a bank defining an opening by developing the exposed photoresist film; and a step for discharging ink into the opening. The photomask has a transparent region, a light-shielding region, and a translucent region. The transmittance of the translucent region is less than the transmittance of the transparent region and is greater than the transmittance of the light-shielding region, and the translucent region is provided between the transparent region and the light-shielding region along an outline of the transparent region and the light-shielding region, respectively.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid crystal display panel which allows high quality display by suppressing a disturbance of liquid crystal molecule alignment caused by formation of liquid crystal alignment control protrusions. The liquid crystal display panel of the present invention is a liquid crystal display panel including a pair of substrates and a liquid crystal layer sandwiched between the pair of substrates, one of the pair of the substrates including a colored layer, a light-shielding layer, and walled liquid crystal alignment control protrusions projecting toward the other substrate, the liquid crystal alignment control protrusions including a main protrusion and a secondary protrusion lower than the main protrusion, the secondary protrusion being provided on the colored layer along a borderline between the colored layer and the light-shielding layer, and the total of the height of the secondary protrusion and that of the colored layer being substantially the same as the height of the light-shielding layer.