Abstract: To provide a method for evaluating or selecting an agent for reducing sensory irritation, which reduces sensory irritation caused by parabens, and an agent for reducing sensory irritation, which reduces sensory irritation caused by parabens. A method for evaluating or selecting an agent for reducing sensory irritation caused by parabens, comprising the following steps (1) to (3): (1) a step of contacting cells capable of expressing CES1 with a test substance; (2) a step of measuring expression of CES1 in the cells; (3) a step of evaluating a test substance which promotes expression of CES1 as an agent for reducing sensory irritation caused by parabens based on the results measured in (2).

Abstract: An intake apparatus 100 includes a bore 102 and a throttle valve 104. A coating film 110 in which a lipophilic component and an oil-repellent component are dispersed is formed on at least one of an outer peripheral end surface 104a of the throttle valve 104 and a facing surface 102a of the bore 102 which faces the throttle valve 104.

Abstract: An intake apparatus 100 includes a bore 102 and a throttle valve 104. A coating film 110 in which a lipophilic component and an oil-repellent component are dispersed is formed on at least one of an outer peripheral end surface 104a of the throttle valve 104 and a facing surface 102a of the bore 102 which faces the throttle valve 104.

Abstract: The alignment measurement apparatus disclosed is used for measuring an exposure pattern during an exposure operation for forming phosphor layers on a panel surface of a color cathode-ray tube, and includes an image sensor, an image spatial filter, and an image processing equipment. The image sensor photographs the exposure pattern on the panel surface to which an illuminating device is provided, the image spatial filter makes 3-color phosphor dots brighter and clearer, and the image processing equipment calculates and outputs a value of deviation between the exposure pattern of the 3-color phosphors and a reference exposure pattern. Any blurred exposure pattern is made bright and clear by the image spatial filter so that the degree of any deviation between the black matrix hole and the center of the exposure pattern is measured at a high precision.

Abstract: An alignment measurement apparatus is used for measuring an exposure pattern during an exposure operation for forming phosphor layers on a panel surface of a color cathode-ray tube, and includes an image sensor, an image spatial filter, and an image processing equipment. The image sensor photographs the exposure pattern on the panel surface to which an illuminating device is provided, the image spatial filter makes 3-color phosphor dots brighter and clearer, and the image processing equipment calculates and outputs a value of deviation between the exposure pattern of the 3-color phosphors and a reference exposure pattern. Any blurred exposure pattern is made bright and clear by the image spatial filter so that the degree of any deviation between the black matrix hole and the center of the exposure pattern is measured at a high precision.

Abstract: A hole-size measuring system that enables measurement of the size of individual holes of a black matrix layer of a CRT. This system includes an imaging device for producing an enlarged image of holes of a black matrix layer, and an image processor for electrically processing the image produced by the imaging device to measure a size of the holes. A CCD camera may be used as the imaging device. The CCD camera may have an automatic focusing function and is movable along a black matrix layer. For a color CRT, the holes are divided into three groups for red, green and blue colors, and the image processor has functions of measuring an average size of selected ones of the holes in the respective groups.