Abstract: According to an embodiment, a processing apparatus includes one or more processors. The one or more processors are configured to: shift one or more captured images selected from a plurality of captured images including a reference captured image, and compose at least one subject surface image by superimposing the shifted one or more captured images on the reference captured image. The plurality of captured images have been obtained with an imaging portion within a predetermined time while a surface of a subject moving relative to the illumination light is irradiated with a plurality of beams of illumination light traveling in different directions in at least one plane.

Abstract: A light-emitting element driving device includes an error amplifier configured to output a voltage corresponding to the difference between a voltage corresponding to the current flowing through a light-emitting element and a reference voltage, and to switch between an operating state and a non-operating state according to a control signal; a driver configured to drive, based on the output voltage of the error amplifier, a switching element in a voltage feeder configured to feed a voltage to the light-emitting element; and a suppressor configured, when the error amplifier switches from the non-operating state to the operating state, to suppress a rise in the output voltage of the error amplifier.

Abstract: Provided is a catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation characterized in that rhodium and molybdenum are supported on hydroxyapatite, the catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation providing a catalyst that can promote a reduction reaction that converts an amide compound into an amine compound, can be used under moderate conditions, and has durability that allows repeated use thereof while retaining high activity. Also provided is a method for producing an amine compound, the method being characterized by including bringing an amide compound into contact with the catalyst for amide compound hydrogenation to cause hydrogenation, thereby producing an amine compound.

Abstract: An external gear includes a body, external teeth, a diaphragm, and a strain gauge. The diaphragm extends in a direction intersecting with an axial direction on another side in of the body the axial direction. The strain gauge is on at least one of a surface on one side of the diaphragm in the axial direction and a surface on another side of the diaphragm in the axial direction. The strain gauge is only in a region that is about a half or less of a radial length from one end of the diaphragm in the axial direction to the other end of the diaphragm in the axial direction with a radial midpoint between the one end of the diaphragm in the axial direction and the other end of the diaphragm in the axial direction as a center in a section passing through the central axis.

Abstract: A showerhead includes a shower plate, a base member in which a gas flow passage is provided, the base member fixing the shower plate, a plurality of gas supply members disposed in a gas diffusion space and connected to the gas flow passage, the gas diffusion space being formed between the shower plate and the base member, and a flow adjusting plate disposed in the gas diffusion space, the flow adjusting plate being disposed on an outer periphery on an outer side from the plurality of gas supply members.

Abstract: A leaning vehicle or a straddled vehicle, including a vehicle body, a light source unit, a light using device, an optical fiber cable, an electrical power supply unit, a plurality of electrical units, and an electrical cable. The vehicle body includes a seat and a body cover. The optical fiber cable has a supported portion disposed along, and supported by, a trunk portion of the electrical cable, and an upstream portion connecting the light source unit and the supported portion without being supported by the trunk portion. The supported portion and the upstream portion are partially disposed within an in-body covered region, which is at least one of a region closer to a vehicle center than an outermost surface of the body cover is, or a region positioned further in a downward direction than an uppermost portion of the seat is, both being invisible from an outside of the vehicle.

Abstract: A vehicle having: a vehicle body; a plurality of light-emitting parts; a light source configured to output a laser beam to the light-emitting parts; a fiber optic cable that constitutes a part of a laser beam path, the fiber optic cable having a most upstream branch portion; a single shared laser driver board controlling laser beam source elements in the single light source; and at least one laser light-emission-manner converter, each disposed in, or downstream of, the most upstream branch portion, to thereby cause each light-emitting part downstream from said each light-emission-manner converter to change a light-emission manner thereof. The laser light-emission-manner converter and/or the single shared laser driver board are at least partially disposed in an in-body covered region, which is disposed further downward than, and in a plan view of the vehicle overlaps, any of a fuel tank, a dummy tank, a foot board, and a seat.

Abstract: A transfer device includes a movable component, a moving assembly, a restrictor, and an operating member. The movable component moves toward and away from a latent image bearer unit. The moving assembly causes the movable component to move toward and away from the latent image bearer unit. The restrictor restricts the latent image bearer unit from detaching from an image forming apparatus. The operating member causes the moving assembly to move the movable component away from the latent image bearer unit and releases restriction of detachment of the latent image bearer unit from the image forming apparatus by the restrictor.

Abstract: An optical coupler of the present disclosure includes a plurality of one-input multiple-output multimode interference input parts provided for each laser beam of the plurality of laser light beams. The optical coupler further includes one light output port configured to allow three laser light beams to be coupled and emitted therethrough, a plurality of light input side optical waveguides configured to extend from each of the plurality of one-input multiple-output multimode interference input parts, a light output side optical waveguide configured to extend from the light output port, and an optical coupling part configured to have the plurality of light input side optical waveguides and the light output side optical waveguide connected thereto.

Abstract: A measurement device includes: a light source that emits light; an interference optical system including a beam splitter that splits the light emitted from the light source into reference light and irradiation light for irradiating an object, the interference optical system generating interference light by causing reflected light and the reference light to interfere with each other; at least one optical element that emits the at least part of the irradiation light; a first photodetector that detects the interference light; a second photodetector that detects monitoring light that is any one of part of the light emitted from the light source, part of the irradiation light in the interference optical system, or part of the reference light in the interference optical system; and a processing circuit that adjusts the intensity of the irradiation light emitted to the outside according to the intensity of the monitoring light.

Abstract: A cell sample evaluation apparatus includes an evaluation light irradiation unit for irradiating an irradiation region set in a culture region of a plurality of cells in an object cell sample with evaluation light having a wavelength in a mid-infrared region under a predetermined irradiation condition, a dead cell number measurement unit for measuring a dead cell number generated according to an irradiation amount of the evaluation light in the irradiation region of the object cell sample, and a culture state analysis unit for evaluating a culture state of the object cell sample by obtaining an object correlation between the irradiation amount of the evaluation light and the dead cell number for the object cell sample and comparing a reference correlation between the irradiation amount of the evaluation light and the dead cell number for a reference cell sample and the object correlation.

Abstract: A light guide plate includes an incident surface by which a light from a light source enters, an exit surface from which the light exits, and light deflecting parts that cause the light entering from the incident surface and guided to exit from the exit surface. The light deflecting parts are arranged on an arrangement line which is a linear arrangement region. At least one arrangement line includes a region that is not parallel to the incident surface.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus at least comprising: first image forming means for forming a first adhesive layer of a first toner on a sheet; and second image forming means for forming a second adhesive layer of a second toner on the first adhesive layer, adhesive image patterns are formed from the first and the second adhesive layer, the image forming apparatus further comprising specific booklet bonding means, wherein at least both the first and the second adhesive layer are formed on one of a first sheet and a second sheet that face each other in the sheet bundle, at least the first adhesive layer is formed on the other of the first sheet and the second sheet, and G1>G2 is satisfied, where G1 denotes a storage elastic modulus of the first toner, and G2 denotes a storage elastic modulus of the second toner.

Abstract: An electro-optical element of the present disclosure includes a substrate, and an optical function layer. The optical function layer has a light input port, an optical branching part in which a light input side optical waveguide guiding visible light input through the light input port is connected to the one optical waveguide for monitoring and two optical modulation optical waveguides, a Mach-Zehnder optical modulation part configured to modulate visible light guided by the two optical modulation optical waveguides, a 2×1 type optical coupling part configured to couple two beams of visible light modulated by the Mach-Zehnder optical modulation part, a light output side waveguide configured to guide light coupled by the optical coupling part to a light output port, the light output port, and a monitoring light output port.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus can include an image forming unit that prints a plurality of toner images formed by using toners of first, second and third toners onto a recording material in a superimposed manner, the image forming unit forms first to third toner images; a transfer unit for transferring onto the recording material in a superimposed manner the first to third toner images in this order, which is an order closer to the recording material; and a fixing unit including heating unit for heating the recording material from the side where the toner images are transferred, the fixing unit being configured to heat and melt the toner images to fix the toner images onto the recording material. Among the first to third toners, the first toner has the highest elastic modulus, and the second toner has the lowest elastic modulus.

Abstract: A cell sample measurement apparatus includes a sample stage for placing an object cell sample containing a plurality of cells cultured on a culture dish, an evaluation light irradiation unit for irradiating N irradiation regions set by dividing a culture region in the object cell sample with evaluation light having a wavelength in a mid-infrared region with irradiation amounts different from each other, a dead cell number measurement unit for measuring a dead cell number generated according to the irradiation amount of the evaluation light in each of the N irradiation regions, and a culture state analysis unit for obtaining, for the object cell sample, an object correlation between the irradiation amount of the evaluation light and the dead cell number for the N irradiation regions serving as an index of evaluation of a culture state of the object cell sample.

Abstract: The present invention relates to processes for producing fermentation products from starch-containing material, wherein a thermostable alpha-amylase and optionally a thermostable protease are present and/or added during liquefaction. The invention also relates to a composition suitable for use in a process of the invention.

Abstract: An optical coupler of the present disclosure includes three light input ports configured to allow a plurality of laser light beams having different wavelengths to be respectively incident therethrough, two light output ports configured to allow three laser light beams to be coupled and emitted therethrough, three light input side optical waveguides configured to respectively extend from the three light input ports, two light output side optical waveguides configured to respectively extend from the two light output ports, and an optical coupling part configured to have the three light input side optical waveguides and the two light output side optical waveguides to be connected thereto.

Abstract: An image processing apparatus includes a controller. The controller calculates a fundamental frequency component included in sound data and a harmonic component corresponding to the fundamental frequency component, converts the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component into image data, and generates a sound image where the fundamental frequency component and the harmonic component converted into the image data are arranged adjacent each other.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a photoconductor that bears an image and an intermediate transfer device that forms a primary transfer nip between the photoconductor and the intermediate transfer device. The intermediate transfer device primarily transfers the image from the photoconductor onto the intermediate transfer device at the primary transfer nip. A secondary transfer device forms a secondary transfer nip between the intermediate transfer device and the secondary transfer device. The secondary transfer device secondarily transfers the image from the intermediate transfer device onto a recording medium at the secondary transfer nip. At least one support shaft supports the intermediate transfer device. The at least one support shaft supports, on an identical axis, one lateral end and another lateral end of the secondary transfer device in a width direction of the recording medium.