Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 ?m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 ?m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 ?m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 ?m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 ?m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: This invention provides a touch panel having excellent durability in a high-temperature high-moisture environment and a production method thereof. In a touch panel 1 including a pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a each having a transparent electrode 1b, 2b and so arranged as to oppose each other through a seal portion 3, a thickness of the seal portion 3 is set to be not greater than 8 &mgr;m (exclusive of 0). In this way, moisture permeating through the seal portion 3 and entering a gap between the pair of transparent glass substrates 1a and 2a can be reduced.

Abstract: A camera includes a device for variably focusing and condensing an image on an optical light. The camera includes a lens in which a clear liquid is disposed between opposing transparent elastic films. Pressure is externally applied to one of the films at a predetermined position, thereby changing the ratio of curvature of the transparent elastic film. This changes the focal length of the lens, thereby producing an image wherein all positions are in focus due to the persistence of vision effect of human vision.

Abstract: A mobile communication device can perform direct communication with another mobile communication device without providing a new communication circuit. The mobile device moves by driving wheels rotated by a motor. A pressure sensor is provided on an outer surface of the body of the communication device to detect contact pressure with another mobile communication device. A control circuit maintains a constant level of driving force of the motor when the communication device is in contact with another mobile communication device and receives data by determining changes in the detected contact pressure which correspond to the predetermined transmission data. Alternately, data exchanges maybe performed using the relative distance between the communication devices.

Abstract: Control units U.sub.i-1, U.sub.i and U.sub.i+1, each having a piezoelectric actuator 3, are aligned on a resilient substrate 1 at predetermined intervals, so as to constitute a united control system. An actuator controller, formed on a circuit substrate 4 of control unit U.sub.i, receives target displacements of neighboring other control units U.sub.i-1 and U.sub.i+1. Then, using a discrete difference equation derived from the partial differential equation describing the distributed parameter system model of the united control system, the displacement amount of control unit U.sub.i can be determined based on the target displacement of the control unit U.sub.i and the target displacements of the neighboring other control units U.sub.i-1 and U.sub.i+1 thereby driving piezoelectric actuator 3 smoothly.

Abstract: To provide a tire pressure estimating system which is capable of estimating tire pressure based on a signal representing the rotational speed of a vehicle wheel via a small amount of processing by using low-capacity memory, a wheel speed sensor is provided for each wheel of a vehicle. A pulse signal output by the wheel speed sensor is supplied to a signal processor. In the signal processor, the rotational speed of each vehicle wheel is found from the pulse signal. The signal processor adopts a second-order linear prediction model for the rotational speed of the vehicle wheel and vibration of the tire using parameters identified from values of the rotational speed. A resonance frequency is then found from the identified parameters. Finally, the tire pressure is estimated from a linear relationship between the pressure and the resonance frequency.

Abstract: A moving member 2 is rotatably and slidably arranged in a holder 11 having a spherical inner surface 11a. An inertia body 5 is connected to the moving member 2 via a supporting member 4. At a location opposite the inertia body 5, an arm 3 extends so that it is directed outwardly via an opening of the holder. A piezo electric actuator 63 is arranged between the rotating member 2 and the supporting member 4. An elongation of the actuator causes a relative swing movement between the inertia body 5 and moving member to occur in one direction such that a reaction force in the moving member 2 due to the inertia of the inertia body 5 exceeds the frictional force between the moving member 4 and the holder 11, which allows the moving member 4 to be displaced with respect to the holder 11.

Abstract: An angular velocity sensor having a casing in which a disk shaped permanent magnet member is arranged so that it floats on a magnetic fluid filled in the casing. A Hall motor is provided for rotating the permanent magnet about its axis in the casing, and a detection unit is provided detecting an inclination of the magnet member about an axis which is transverse to the axis about which the magnet member rotates, which inclination is generated when the sensor is subjected to an angular movement. An angular velocity of such an angular movement is calculated from the detected degree of inclination of the magnet member.

Abstract: An acceleration sensor for detecting an acceleration in a plane, and having a housing, and a disk magnet arranged in a magnetic fludi stored in the housing. The movement of disk magnet is limited, i.e., a translational movement or rotational movement thereof can occur only in the plane, by projections formed in the housing, between which projections portions of the magnetic fluid having an increased density are formed adjacent to the poles of the disk magnet so that only a translational movement is allowed, or by small circumferential walls between the housing and the disk magnet and radial projections formed between end walls of the housing and disk magnet so that only a rotational movement is allowed. A Hall element issues a signal corresponding to a position of the disk magnet, to thereby determine the acceleration rate.

Abstract: An acceleration sensor including a magnetic fluid, a permanent magnet emplaced movably in the magnetic fluid, a nonmagnetic case, in which case the magnetic fluid and the permanent magnet are sealed and from which case air is substantially excluded, the shape of internal receptacle of the case dominating the shape of the magnetic fluid, whereby the path of the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet is restricted and the permanent magnet in the magnetic fluid is given an automatic positioning function, a unit for detecting the position of the permanent magnet, and a processing circuit for processing signals from the detection unit.

Abstract: An electromagnetic rotary driving device including a rotor of a permanent magnet arranged in a hole formed in a bored stator core block of a stator core, made from magnetic material. The air gap formed between the bored block of the stator core and the rotor in the direction parallel with the magnetic path in the stator core is relatively long, while the air gap formed between the bored block of the stator core and the rotor in the direction perpendicular to the magnetic path in the stator core is relatively short. In this device, the angle of rotation of the rotor is continuously changed by the current flowing through the coil of the stator without requiring a spring for return motion.

Abstract: A rotary drive apparatus includes: a bar yoke, a coil mounted on the bar yoke, and a cylindrical case, having a magnetic property for receiving the coil and the bar yoke therein. The cylindrical case has at least one salient-pole portion formed on the inside thereof in the vicinity of a portion where the coil is received. The rotary drive apparatus also includes a rotary member facing the salient-pole portion and spaced from the bar yoke and the salient-pole portion by a predetermined gap, so that the rotary member rotates between the bar yoke and the salient-pole portion, and is provided with at least one magnet having opposite magnetic polarities and arranged along the circumference of the rotary member and facing the salient-pole portion. The salient-pole portion, the magnet, and an end-of-the-yoke member form a magnetic circuit. The rotary member is rotated in response to magnetic flux generated at the end of the bar yoke by applying an electric current to the coil.

Abstract: A motor speed controlling device comprises a rotating shaft connected to an axle and having rotation speed (set speed) varying with the passage of time, a motor with an output shaft connected to a pointer of a speedometer by means of an eddy-current coupling, rotation detectors generating pulse signals respectively proportional to the rotation speed in the rotating shaft and the output shaft and having the same frequency and the same pulse width at the same rotation speed, a logical operation circuit for discriminating the binary state of both pulse signals, and an integrating circuit which increases driving signal to the motor at a definite gradient when one pulse signal is in the 1 state and the other pulse signal is in the 0 state and decreases the driving signal at a definite gradient when one pulse signal is in the 0 state and other pulse signal is in the 1 state and holds the driving signal to the constant value when both pulse signals are at the same level.

Abstract: An electromagnetic position control apparatus including a rotary sphere having a permanent magnet. The rotary sphere is rotably supported within a spherical hole formed at a crossing portion of a cross-shaped yoke. Coils are used to create magnetic fields at the rotary sphere. The position of rotation of the rotary sphere is controlled in three dimensions by means of changing the intensity of the direct current supplied to the coils or the duty cycle of the pulse current supplied to the coils to change the intensity of the magnetic fields.

Abstract: A solenoid valve for opening and closing a fluid passage is disclosed. It includes a valve member supported rotatably within a case and having alternately different magnetic poles formed on the outer periphery of one end thereof and also having a fluid passage formed in the other end thereof; an electromagnetic drive means for creating alternately different and invertible magnetic poles in an opposed relation to the magnetic poles of the valve member to rotate the valve member by a predetermined angle; and plural fluid passages formed within the case and adapted to be brought into communication with each other through the fluid passage of the valve member upon rotation of the valve member at said predetermined angle.

Abstract: A rotary driving apparatus suitable for use for a flow control valve provided with a rotor valve rotatably mounted in a housing. The rotor valve is connected to a permanent magnet member. The permanent magnet member is arranged adjacent to a pair of diametrically spaced ends of a core on which a coil is wound so that the ends are oppositely magnetized to provide a two pole electric motor, stopper means is provided for allowing limited rotary motion of the rotor between a first position and a second position. The permanent magnet member is so arranged with respect to the ends of the core that a torque is, during the de-energization of the coil, generated in order to engage the stopper means. Thus, the first or second position of the rotor valve is maintained without energization of the coil.