Abstract: A tracking error signal detecting apparatus includes a device for supplying an electron beam, a device for applying the electron beam to a tracking pattern formed on a recording medium, and a device for forming a tracking error signal on the basis of a signal produced from the tracking pattern upon application of the electron beam. An information recording-reproducing apparatus includes an applying device having a plurality of electron ray sources, a device for controlling the driving of the plurality of electron ray sources in response to a signal, a device for directing the electron rays from the electron ray sources to a recording medium, and a device for reproducing information from signals produced upon application of the electron rays to the recording medium.

Abstract: A luminescing member emits light as a result of application of excitation energy thereto, wherein a luminescing part comprises on ultrafine particle film formed by deposition of ultrafine particles. It is preferred that the ultrafine particles comprises an amorphous A:Ox or an amorphous A:O:H having an A--O--A bond and an A--OH bond, and the element A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Si, C and Ge.

Abstract: A photoelectron beam converting device including a semiconductor substrate having a p-n junction formed between an n-type region and a p-type region and an opening portion formed on the side of the semiconductor substrate. An electron beam is generated by a light which enters from the opening portion and by a reverse voltage to be applied to the p-n junction.

Abstract: An electron-beam information exchange apparatus adapted to effect information exchange in incoming light signals and outgoing light signals by utilizing electron beams. The apparatus has a plurality of electron beam generating means for generating electron beams according to the incoming light signals; a plurality of electron beam deflecting means for independently deflecting individual electron beams emitted from the electron beam generating means; and a plurality of electron beam detecting means for reproducing information from the thus-deflected electron beams to generate the outgoing light beams. The electron beam detecting means controls the electron beams so that each of the electron beams is made incident upon a desired one of said electron beam detecting means. Also, the electron beam generating means are semiconductor devices for generating electron beams.

Abstract: In an optical recording medium having an optical recording layer provided on a substrate, a carbide film of a substance selected from among tungsten, boron, molybdenum, hafnium, niobium, titanium, chromium, vanadium, tantalum and silicon is formed on one or each side of the recording layer.

Abstract: This specification discloses a magneto-optical recording medium having an amorphous magnetic alloy film comprising the following composition and having a readily magnetizable axis in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the film:{(Gd.sub.x Tb.sub.1-x).sub.p (Fe.sub.y Co.sub.1-y).sub.1-p }.sub.q (Ni.sub.z Cr.sub.1-z).sub.1-q,where0.ltoreq.x.ltoreq.0.90.2.ltoreq.y.ltoreq.1.00.05.ltoreq.z.ltoreq.1.00.1.ltoreq.p.ltoreq.0.50.001.ltoreq.1-q.ltoreq.0.35.

Abstract: An optical recording medium having a substrate, an optical recording layer formed on the substrate, and at least one film consisting of a carbide and a nitride and formed on the substrate.