Abstract: A droplet forming device is provided. The droplet forming device includes a liquid holder configured to hold a liquid, a film having a discharge hole, two or more vibration generators configured to vibrate the film, and a driver configured to apply a driving signal to the vibration generators. One or more of the vibration generators are disposed in each region on the film where a polarity of bending moment differs.

Abstract: An electrochromic element includes first and second display electrodes arranged at intervals and opposed to each other, at least one of the first and second display electrodes being transparent; an electrolyte provided between the first and second display electrodes; a first electrochromic layer including at least one of an oxidized electrochromic compound and an oxidized electrochromic composition, and contacting the first display electrode and the electrolyte; a second electrochromic layer including at least one of a reduced electrochromic compound and a reduced electrochromic composition, and contacting the second display electrode and the electrolyte; third and fourth auxiliary electrodes contacting the electrolyte; a reduction layer provided on the third auxiliary electrode and including a reductant of a first material; and an oxidation layer provided on the fourth auxiliary electrode and including an oxidant of a second material. The first and second materials can be oxidized and reduced reversibly.

Abstract: Provided is a cell contained container including at least two concaves, wherein the concaves contain cells, wherein a number of kinds of the cells is at least two with respect to the cell contained container, and wherein a shortest distance between centers of most closely adjacent two concaves of the at least two concaves is 9.0 mm or less. In a preferable mode, the concaves contain a liquid, and a total liquid amount of the liquid with respect to the concaves is 10.0 microliters or less. In a more preferable mode, a filling accuracy in terms of a number in which the cells are contained in the concaves is 30% or lower.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device, including a laminated body, which includes: at least one support; a first electrode layer on the support; an electrochromic layer on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer disposed to face the first electrode layer; and an electrolyte layer, which fills between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is on the electrochromic layer, the at least one support including a resin substrate, and the laminated body having a desired curve formed by thermoforming.

Abstract: Provided is a liquid droplet forming device including: a liquid container capable of containing a liquid; a membranous member disposed at a bottom of the liquid container and including a discharging hole; a deforming unit capable of deforming the membranous member; and a driving unit configured to drive the deforming unit by outputting a discharging signal for deforming the membranous member to discharge the liquid or a suppressing signal for suppressing residual vibration of the membranous member, wherein the suppressing signal is a signal based on natural vibration period T0 of the membranous member, wherein an amplitude of the suppressing signal is lower than or equal to an amplitude of the discharging signal, and wherein interval time Ti from when outputting of the discharging signal is ended until when outputting of the suppressing signal is started satisfies a formula: Ti=(m?½)×T0, where m represents a positive integer.

Abstract: An electrochromic dimming device is provided. The electrochromic dimming device includes an electrochromic element, a color development power source, a color discharge powder source, and a variable resistance. The color development power source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element develops color. The color discharge powder source supplies electric power to the electrochromic element when the electrochromic element discharges color. The variable resistance is disposed on a first current path without being disposed on a second current path. The first current path is formed from the color development power source through a ground via the electrochromic element, and the second current path is formed from the color discharge power source to the ground via the electrochromic element.

Abstract: A particle counting apparatus is provided that includes: a droplet discharger configured to discharge a droplet containing at least one luminescent particle capable of emitting light upon receiving light; a light irradiator configured to irradiate the droplet discharged by the droplet discharger with light; at least one light receiver configured to receive light emitted by the at least one luminescent particle irradiated with the light emitted by the light irradiator; and circuitry configured to count luminescent particles contained in the droplet based on the light received by the at least one light receiver, the circuitry being configured to measure a presence or absence of the luminescent particles contained in the droplet; and to measure a number of the luminescent particles contained in the droplet.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a cell contained base, the method being capable of providing a cell contained base highly accurately controlled in number of nucleic acid molecules contained in a low-concentration nucleic acid standard sample, the method including a liquid droplet discharging step of discharging a cell suspension in the form of a liquid droplet with a liquid droplet discharging unit onto a base including at least one cell contained region; a cell number counting step of counting a number of cells contained in the liquid droplet with a plurality of sensors from two or more directions while the liquid droplet is flying into the cell contained region; and a liquid droplet landing step of landing the liquid droplet in the at least one cell contained region in a manner that a predetermined number of cells are located in the at least one cell contained region.

Abstract: A liquid droplet forming device includes a liquid droplet discharger that discharges, as a liquid droplet, a particle suspension liquid in which one or more fluorescent particles are suspended; a light source for irradiating light onto the flying liquid droplet discharged from the liquid droplet discharger; a photodetector that receives fluorescence that is emitted by the one or more fluorescent particles included in the liquid droplet in response to the light as excitation light; and a particle number detector that detects a number of the one or more fluorescent particles included in the liquid droplet based on information from the photodetector.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including: first substrate; first electrode-layer on the first substrate; electrochromic layer on the first electrode-layer; second substrate facing the first substrate; second electrode-layer formed on surface of the second substrate at side of the first substrate; electrolyte layer formed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode-layer and curable at least with ultraviolet rays; first extraction electrode to electrically connect between the first electrode-layer and power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the first extraction electrode; and second extraction electrode to electrically connect between the second electrode-layer and the power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the second extraction electrode, the region in the first extraction electrode and the region in the second extraction electrode being arranged not to overlap with each other.

Abstract: Provided is an electrochromic device including an electrochromic element including a protrusion on a periphery of the electrochromic element, and a frame holding the electrochromic element, wherein the protrusion includes an electrode pad, and the frame includes a connecting member configured to electrically connect to the electrode pad.

Abstract: A multi-well plate lid includes a well-side surface to cover a plurality of wells of a multi-well plate. The well-side surface includes two or more regions with different adhesive strengths to the multi-well plate.

Abstract: An electrochromic element includes first and second display electrodes arranged at intervals and opposed to each other, at least one of the first and second display electrodes being transparent; an electrolyte provided between the first and second display electrodes; a first electrochromic layer including at least one of an oxidized electrochromic compound and an oxidized electrochromic composition, and contacting the first display electrode and the electrolyte; a second electrochromic layer including at least one of a reduced electrochromic compound and a reduced electrochromic composition, and contacting the second display electrode and the electrolyte; third and fourth auxiliary electrodes contacting the electrolyte; a reduction layer provided on the third auxiliary electrode and including a reductant of a first material; and an oxidation layer provided on the fourth auxiliary electrode and including an oxidant of a second material. The first and second materials can be oxidized and reduced reversibly.

Abstract: A liquid droplet forming apparatus includes a liquid retention unit configured to retain particle suspension liquid in which precipitated particles are suspended; a membrane member, in which a nozzle is formed, configured to discharge the particle suspension liquid retained in the liquid retention unit, as a liquid droplet, by vibration from the nozzle; and a particle state detection unit configured to detect, from a side of the liquid retention unit, a particle state of the precipitated particle around the nozzle in the particle suspension liquid.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device including: a support; a first electrode formed on the support; a second electrode facing the first electrode, where through-holes are formed in the second electrode; an electrochromic layer disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrolyte layer disposed in the space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a second electrolyte layer disposed to communicate with the first electrolyte layer through the through-holes; an inorganic protective layer, which is disposed on a surface of the second electrolyte layer not facing the second electrode, and is configured to shield oxygen and water vapor; and an organic protective layer disposed on a surface of the inorganic protective layer that does not face the second electrolyte layer.

Abstract: An electrochromic apparatus including a first support, a first electrode, a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, a second support, a second electrode, a second transparent conductive layer, and an electrolyte layer is provided. The first and second supports have first and second surfaces, respectively, on each of which a plurality of grooves is formed. The grooves on the second surface are facing the grooves on the first surface. The first and second electrodes are disposed at each one of the plurality of grooves of the first and second supports, respectively. The first and second transparent conductive layers are in contact with the first and second surfaces, respectively. The electrochromic layer is in contact with the first transparent conductive layer. The electrolyte layer is between the electrochromic layer and the second transparent conductive layer.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device, including a laminated body, which includes: at least one support; a first electrode layer on the support; an electrochromic layer on the first electrode layer; a second electrode layer disposed to face the first electrode layer; and an electrolyte layer, which fills between the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer, and is on the electrochromic layer, the at least one support including a resin substrate, and the laminated body having a desired curve formed by thermoforming.

Abstract: An electrochromic device including: first substrate; first electrode-layer on the first substrate; electrochromic layer on the first electrode-layer; second substrate facing the first substrate; second electrode-layer formed on surface of the second substrate at side of the first substrate; electrolyte layer formed between the electrochromic layer and the second electrode-layer and curable at least with ultraviolet rays; first extraction electrode to electrically connect between the first electrode-layer and power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the first extraction electrode; and second extraction electrode to electrically connect between the second electrode-layer and the power source and including region that does not transmit ultraviolet rays in at least part of the second extraction electrode, the region in the first extraction electrode and the region in the second extraction electrode being arranged not to overlap with each other.

Abstract: A liquid droplet forming apparatus includes a liquid retention unit configured to retain particle suspension liquid in which precipitated particles are suspended; a membrane member, in which a nozzle is formed, configured to discharge the particle suspension liquid retained in the liquid retention unit, as a liquid droplet, by vibration from the nozzle; and a particle state detection unit configured to detect, from a side of the liquid retention unit, a particle state of the precipitated particle around the nozzle in the particle suspension liquid.

Abstract: To provide an electrochromic device including: a support; a first electrode formed on the support; a second electrode facing the first electrode, where through-holes are formed in the second electrode; an electrochromic layer disposed in a space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a first electrolyte layer disposed in the space between the first electrode and the second electrode; a second electrolyte layer disposed to communicate with the first electrolyte layer through the through-holes; an inorganic protective layer, which is disposed on a surface of the second electrolyte layer not facing the second electrode, and is configured to shield oxygen and water vapor; and an organic protective layer disposed on a surface of the inorganic protective layer that does not face the second electrolyte layer.