Abstract: A method of manufacturing a bonded substrate includes: preparing one or plurality of products to be bonded, each including a brazing material layer and a copper plate laminated on both main surfaces of a ceramic substrate, laminating, one or a plurality of products bonded and a pair of clamping members that clamp them while providing a mold releasing layer between each thereof, heating the one or the plurality of products while pressing the one or the plurality of products in the pair of clamping members to obtain the one or the plurality of bonded substrates in which the ceramic substrate and the copper plate are bonded with a bonding layer, and removing the mold releasing layer from the bonded substrate by dissolving a portion in contact with the mold releasing layer of the copper plate included in the bonded substrate by wet etching.

Abstract: A waveform synthesizing circuit comprises a plurality of signal output switching means for outputting predetermined magnitudes of voltage or current signals when a voltage or current value of an input pulse reaches preliminarily assigned comparing reference values, a signal summing means for superimposing output signals from a plurality of signal output switching means for summing, and a comparing signal switching means detecting the rising and falling of the input pulse, providing the comparing reference values with given differences between a plurality of signal output switching means according to an order of operation of a plurality of signal output switching means upon the detection of a rise, and providing the comparing reference values, which are different from those for rising, with given differences between a plurality of signal output switching means according to an order of operation of a plurality of signal output switching means upon the detection of a fall.

Abstract: The phenylalkan(en)oic acids of the formula: ##STR1## as defined in the specification, possess an antagonistic activity on leukotriene B.sub.4.