Abstract: A smoke detector includes: a casing; a first light emitting unit; a second light emitting unit; and a light receiving unit. A second scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a second extension extending from an intersection of the second emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the second light emitting unit is larger than a first scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a first extension extending from an intersection of the first emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the first light emitting unit.

Abstract: Crystals of the compound represented by formula (1), a method for the production thereof, and a method for producing an antibody-drug conjugate using the crystals.

Abstract: The exhaust gas purification device includes: a substrate including an upstream and a downstream ends; a first catalyst layer extending across a first region and containing a first rhodium-containing catalyst and a first cerium-containing oxide, the first rhodium-containing catalyst containing a first metal oxide carrier and first rhodium particles supported on the first metal oxide carrier, a mean of a particle size distribution of the first rhodium particles being 1.5 nm to 18 nm; and a second catalyst layer extending across a second region and containing a second rhodium-containing catalyst containing a second metal oxide carrier and second rhodium particles supported on the second metal oxide carrier, a cerium content in the first catalyst layer based on a volume capacity of the substrate in the first region being higher than a cerium content in the second catalyst layer based on a volume capacity of the substrate in the second region.

Abstract: The exhaust gas purification device includes: a substrate including an upstream end through which an exhaust gas is introduced and a downstream end through which the exhaust gas is discharged; a first catalyst layer containing a rhodium-containing catalyst containing a metal oxide carrier and rhodium particles supported on the metal oxide carrier, the first catalyst layer extending across a first region; and a second catalyst layer containing palladium particles and a material having a basicity higher than a basicity of the metal oxide carrier, the second catalyst layer extending across a second region. A mean of a particle size distribution of the rhodium particles is from 1.5 nm to 18 nm.

Abstract: Provided are a method for producing an exhaust gas purification material and a method for manufacturing an exhaust gas purification device that allow efficient removal of a harmful component even after exposure to a high temperature environment. The method for producing the exhaust gas purification material includes the steps, in this order, of: (a) impregnating a metal oxide carrier with a rhodium compound solution; (b) drying the metal oxide carrier impregnated with the rhodium compound solution to obtain a rhodium-containing catalyst containing the metal oxide carrier and rhodium particles supported on the metal oxide carrier; (c) heating the rhodium-containing catalyst at a temperature within a range from 700° C. to 900° C. under an inert atmosphere; and (d) mixing the rhodium-containing catalyst with a material having a basicity higher than a basicity of the metal oxide carrier.

Abstract: According to a technique disclosed herein, provided is an exhaust gas purification catalyst, which both suppresses OSC when using a new vehicle and maintains OSC during life cycles. The exhaust gas purification catalyst disclosed herein is an exhaust gas purification catalyst includes a substrate, and a catalyst coated layer formed on the surface of the substrate, wherein the catalyst coated layer contains an OSC material having an oxygen storage capacity. The catalyst coated layer includes a Rh layer mainly containing Rh as a catalyst metal, and a Pd/Pt layer mainly containing Pd and/or Pt as a catalyst metal. At least a portion of the Pd/Pt layer in the catalyst coated layer contains, as the OSC material, a low specific surface area OSC material, including a ceria-zirconia composite oxide and having a specific surface area of 40 m2/g or more and 60 m2/g or less.

Abstract: The battery system includes a secondary battery, a voltage sensor, a current sensor, a temperature sensor, and a processor. The processor is configured to calculate a polarization overvoltage by subtracting a voltage drop amount caused by a DC resistance and a reactive resistance of the secondary battery determined in accordance with a temperature and an SOC of the secondary battery from a voltage difference between OCV and CCV of the secondary battery.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst having an improved Rh activation, which comprises a substrate and a catalyst coat layer formed on the substrate, the catalyst coat layer having a two-layer structure, wherein the catalyst coat layer includes an upstream portion on an upstream side and a downstream portion on a downstream side in an exhaust gas flow direction, and a part or all of the upstream portion is formed on a part of the downstream portion, wherein the upstream portion contains Rh fine particles and Pt, wherein the Rh fine particles have an average particle size measured by a transmission electron microscope observation of 1.0 nm or more to 2.0 nm or less, and a standard deviation ? of the particle size of 0.8 nm or less, and wherein the downstream portion contains Rh.

Abstract: DC arc welding is performed by alternating a short-circuit period and an arc period. The arc period includes first to fourth periods. A welding current is raised to a first current value in the first period, lowered to a second current value with a time slope in the second period, kept at the second current value in the third period, and raised to a third current value then kept at the value in the fourth period. A wire feeding speed is constant throughout the short-circuit period and the arc period. In the second period, a welding output is under constant voltage control. In the third period and the fourth period, the welding output is under constant current control of the welding output.

Abstract: Provided is an arc welding control method for performing control in an arc period, the control including: first control of increasing welding current (Ia) to first current value (I1) in a range from 200 A to 300 A inclusive at first gradient (S1) and maintaining welding current (Ia) at first current value (I1) for first period (T1); second control of reducing welding current (Ia) from first current value (I1) to second current value (I2) at second gradient (S2) and maintaining welding current (Ia) at second current value (I2) for second period (T2); third control of increasing welding current (Ia) from second current value (I2) to third current value (I3) higher than first current value (I1) at third gradient (S3); and fourth control that is started to reduce welding current (Ia) from third current value (I3) within 0.5 ms after welding current (Ia) reaches third current value (I3) under the third control.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst provides excellent removal performance of methane, which is chemically stable. Exhaust gas purification catalyst includes a substrate that divides cells through which an exhaust gas flows and a catalyst layer that is provided on a surface of the substrate. The catalyst layer includes a palladium layer containing palladium that extends from a first end part which is an end part on the side into which an exhaust gas in the cells flows to a second end part which is an end part on the side from which an exhaust gas flows out, a platinum layer containing platinum that extends from the second end part to the first end part, and a rhodium layer containing rhodium that is laminated with both the palladium layer and the platinum layer.

Abstract: An exhaust gas purification catalyst for providing removal performance of methane, which is chemically stable includes a substrate that divides cells through which an exhaust gas flows and a catalyst layer that is provided on a surface of the substrate. The catalyst layer includes a palladium layer containing palladium that extends from a first end part which is an end part on the side of the cells into which an exhaust gas flows to a second end part which is an end part on the side from which an exhaust gas flows out, a platinum layer containing platinum that extends from the second end part to the first end part, and a rhodium layer containing rhodium that is laminated on both the palladium layer and the platinum layer.

Abstract: A press system includes a press portion and a controller configured to control the press portion. The controller includes a load pattern generator, an evaluation input unit, and an optimum load pattern setting unit configured to set an optimum load pattern based on a plurality of evaluations of the quality input by the evaluation input unit. The optimum load pattern setting unit includes a response surface generator configured to create from evaluation value data based on the plurality of load patterns and the plurality of evaluations of the quality, by using as an objective function, the evaluation value data with the load pattern being defined as a design variable, a response surface of the objective function, and an optimization calculator configured to find an optimum solution of the objective function of the response surface by optimization.

Abstract: A smoke detector includes: a casing; a first light emitting unit; a second light emitting unit; and a light receiving unit. A second scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a second extension extending from an intersection of the second emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the second light emitting unit is larger than a first scattering angle that is an angle between the reception axis of the light receiving unit and a first extension extending from an intersection of the first emission axis and the reception axis in a direction away from the first light emitting unit.

Abstract: Disclosed is an arc welding control method of controlling a welding current in short-circuit arc welding of feeding a welding wire toward a base metal and alternating a short-circuit state and an arc state. The arc welding control method includes: executing, in the short-circuit state, a first increase in the welding current with a first slope, a first decrease in the welding current to a first bottom value after executing the first increase, a second increase in the welding current with a second slope after executing the first decrease, and a second decrease in the welding current to a second bottom value that is smaller than the first bottom value after executing the second increase to shift a state to the arc state.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides an exhaust gas purification catalyst having an improved Rh activation, which comprises a substrate and a catalyst coat layer formed on the substrate, the catalyst coat layer having a two-layer structure, wherein the catalyst coat layer includes an upstream portion on an upstream side and a downstream portion on a downstream side in an exhaust gas flow direction, and a part or all of the upstream portion is formed on a part of the downstream portion, wherein the upstream portion contains Rh fine particles and Pt, wherein the Rh fine particles have an average particle size measured by a transmission electron microscope observation of 1.0 nm or more to 2.0 nm or less, and a standard deviation ? of the particle size of 0.8 nm or less, and wherein the downstream portion contains Rh.

Abstract: A base material is welded by a first welding method in a case where a welding parameter related to heat input to the base material is less than a first threshold value. The base material is welded by a second welding method in a case where the welding parameter is less than a second threshold value and is more than the first threshold value. The base material is welded by a third welding method in a case where the welding parameter is more than the second threshold value. By adjusting welding conditions regardless of the thickness of the base material, a welding method suitable for the thickness of the base material is determined to provide a welding with little spatter and no meltdown of the base material.

Abstract: A base material is welded by a first welding method in a case where a welding parameter related to heat input to the base material is less than a first threshold value. The base material is welded by a second welding method in a case where the welding parameter is less than a second threshold value and is more than the first threshold value. The base material is welded by a third welding method in a case where the welding parameter is more than the second threshold value. By adjusting welding conditions regardless of the thickness of the base material, a welding method suitable for the thickness of the base material is determined to provide a welding with little spatter and no meltdown of the base material.

Abstract: A light shielding member covering a subject placement portion in which the subject is placed and a light irradiation unit that irradiates the subject with light through the subject placement portion while imaging is not underway in a photoacoustic device that images a subject and includes the subject placement portion and the light irradiation unit, the light shielding member includes a display surface that indicates positional information relating to an imaging available region on the subject.

Abstract: A press system includes a press portion and a controller configured to control the press portion. The controller includes a load pattern generator, an evaluation input unit, and an optimum load pattern setting unit configured to set an optimum load pattern based on a plurality of evaluations of the quality input by the evaluation input unit. The optimum load pattern setting unit includes a response surface generator configured to create from evaluation value data based on the plurality of load patterns and the plurality of evaluations of the quality, by using as an objective function, the evaluation value data with the load pattern being defined as a design variable, a response surface of the objective function, and an optimization calculator configured to find an optimum solution of the objective function of the response surface by optimization.